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Japan abolished the lunar calendar

Author | Blue Sky and Clear Away

Editor | ｜Thomas

The custom of celebrating the Lunar New Year (Spring Festival) originated in China and spread to neighboring countries with the strength of ancient China. Up to now, the Spring Festival has become a common festival of China, South Korea, North Korea and Vietnam, which are "cultural circles of Chinese characters".

Times have changed. Chinese characters have withdrawn from the social life of the Korean Peninsula and Viet Nam, but the Spring Festival and many festivals originating in China have been preserved to this day.

Japan still retains a large number of Chinese characters in its writing system, but in 1873 it abolished the lunar calendar, which has been used for thousands of years, and switched to the solar calendar (modern Gregorian calendar). Since then, the Japanese no longer celebrate the Lunar New Year.

▲ Vietnamese Spring Festival

The lunar calendar has been abolished, but the Japanese custom of celebrating the New Year has not disappeared. Celebrating the New Year is still an important activity for the Japanese people. After changing the calendar, Japan took the Gregorian New Year (January 1st) as the fixed date of "Japanese Spring Festival", which has been nearly a century and a half. Although the modern Gregorian calendar is implemented in China today, the lunar calendar and lunar festivals are still preserved.

So, what are the deep-seated considerations for Japan to abolish the Lunar New Year and the Lunar New Year? What are the traditional marks of the Japanese Spring Festival?

▲ Japanese-style "buy new year"

* For the convenience of readers, the "Spring Festival" in this article refers to the Lunar New Year, not the "Japanese Spring Festival".

First, the common festival of Chinese character cultural circle

Calendar is a calculation method to determine the length of time unit such as year, month and day. The current calendar system is mainly divided into three types: solar calendar, lunar calendar and yin-yang calendar.

The solar calendar takes the sun as the reference, that is, the earth revolves around the sun for one year. Most of the year is divided into 12 months, with a length of about 365 days.

At present, the modern Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar), which is widely used in the world, is a typical solar calendar. The Iranian calendar used in Iran, the julian calendar promulgated during the Roman Empire and widely used in Europe before the 17th century are all representatives of the solar calendar.

▲ The solar calendar is based on the sun.

The lunar calendar takes the moon as the reference, and the moon revolves around the earth for one month. The ancients judged whether the moon revolves for one week by observing the changes of the lunar surface (that is, the phase of the moon).

The lunar calendar is also divided into 12 months a year, with a length of only about 354 days. The Islamic calendar widely used in the Middle East is a typical lunar calendar.

The lunar calendar of Yin and Yang defines the length of the year based on the revolution of the earth around the sun, and the month and date depend on the moon. Although the lunar calendar in China is called the lunar calendar, in fact, the lunar calendar in China is a typical combination of yin and yang.

▲ Different moon phases

Calendars are accompanied by corresponding festivals, such as Christmas on December 25 in the western calendar. The birth of the lunar calendar in China is closely related to the ancient farming society, and the 24 solar terms are derived, and the custom of the Spring Festival is related to it.

The embryonic form of the Lunar New Year appeared as early as the Xia Dynasty. The definition of "year" in Shuo Wen Jie Zi is "Gu Shu Ye". The definition of "Year" in the Biography of Guliang is further refined. "All the grains are ripe for a year, and all the grains are ripe for a great year", and "Year" has changed from a simple time unit to a festival.

▲ Oracle Bone Inscriptions in "Year" is a person carrying mature food.

The Qin and Han Dynasties were the earliest unified feudal dynasty in China’s history. The taichu calendar, which was written by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, "took the first month as the beginning of the year", and the custom of Chinese New Year continued to develop and improve. With the expansion of the imperial territory, the custom of Chinese New Year spread from the hinterland of the Central Plains to the surrounding areas.

The ancient Korean Peninsula was closely related to China in politics and culture, and China’s lunar calendar, Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival were introduced into the Korean Peninsula. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Silla Dynasty, which ruled the peninsula, drew lessons from taichu calendar and formulated its own almanac, and accepted the China Lunar Calendar and many festivals in all directions.

▲ Korean Spring Festival

Northern Viet Nam belonged to China before the 10th century. With the deepening of sinicization, festivals such as the Lunar New Year, the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival also have a far-reaching impact here.

Influenced by the geographical environment, the Spring Festival in Korean Peninsula and Viet Nam is different from that in China. The Spring Festival is called "Old Truth" on the Korean Peninsula, and the Korean nation is still white. Most of the Spring Festival couplets and lucky money posted are made of white paper. In ancient times, rice cakes and pickles were the staple foods of the New Year.

▲ Vietnam five fruit plate

The latitude of Vietnam is low, and the custom of Spring Festival is similar to that of Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan-Guizhou regions. Five-fruit bowls made of bananas and oranges, Vietnamese spring rolls and zongzi are even more essential foods for Vietnamese New Year’s Eve dinner.

Due to the barrier of the sea, the connection between Japan and China was relatively weak. Until the 7th century, China’s national strength was at its peak and its culture was prosperous in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Japan sent envoys to China, and Japan was brought into the cultural circle of Chinese characters. The custom of Spring Festival and New Year came to Japan.

▲ Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty

In 692 AD, Japan began to implement the Yuan Jia Li, which was edited by China during the Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, and the customs of the Lunar New Year and the Spring Festival were introduced to Japan.

In 705 AD, in order to dispel the plague, the Japanese emperor held a "mourning ceremony" in the palace with reference to Zhou Li. The Japanese imitated the "Nuo" that existed in China in the Spring and Autumn Period. This ceremony was originally prepared for the arrival of the Lunar New Year, to drive away ghosts and pray for peace for one year.

▲ Daxie

By the 12th century A.D., the court Nuo ceremony began to decline. Folk furniture is mostly held in monasteries, and it is still in full swing, becoming a part of the preparation for the Spring Festival. In the 15th century, the custom of "changing treasure beans" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces of China was introduced to Japan, which further simplified the Nuo, and most Japanese civilians changed to scatter beans to exorcise ghosts, which continues to this day.

Like Chinese’s offering sacrifices to the kitchen god, the God of Wealth and other gods on the New Year’s Day, the ancient Japanese also prayed at shrines and temples during the Spring Festival.

▲ Sprinkle beans to exorcise ghosts

After rice cultivation was introduced into Japan, the clan ties based on labor production became stronger and stronger. On the occasion of the Spring Festival, people will have family reunions, offer sacrifices to their ancestors and talk about family ties. "Japan’s Year-old Chronicle" records that "tonight is a night away … family handmaiden, having fun with each other, seeing off the old and welcoming the new".

Since the end of the 12th century, the Japanese samurai class has mastered the real power of the country, and the imperial court in Kyoto has become a political vase. The powerful Yuanlai Dynasty forced the Emperor to appoint himself as the general of conquering foreign countries, and established Kamakura, tokugawa era and Japan.

▲ Kamakura shogunate structure

Despite the political turmoil, the status of the Spring Festival is gradually fixed in Japan. Chinese customs have been localized and transformed, forming the Japanese Spring Festival.

Generally speaking, the custom of Spring Festival is based on the powerful national strength of ancient China and exported to neighboring countries as a representative of cultural soft power. Japan’s connection with China is not as good as that of Vietnam and the Korean Peninsula, and it has not fully accepted all China customs. However, Japan strictly follows the lunar calendar, and its position in the Spring Festival is unshakable. From the 7th century to the 19th century, the Lunar New Year influenced Japanese society for more than a thousand years, witnessing and promoting the development of ancient Japanese society.

▲ The Japanese Spring Festival is closely linked to the lunar calendar.

Second, the Meiji Restoration, Japan abandoned the Lunar New Year

In 1573, the Muromachi shogunate, the second shogunate in Japanese history, perished in the dispute of the Warring States Period in Japan. In order to unify Japan, vassals from all over the world set off a larger-scale war.

At the same time of frequent wars in Japan, Europe is groping its way forward in the long Middle Ages. In 1582, Pope Julius XIII promulgated the Gregorian calendar (the current Gregorian calendar), and the julian calendar promulgated during the Roman Empire was abolished because of the increase in errors. European and American countries gradually changed to the Gregorian calendar in the following centuries, and the Gregorian calendar will be spread to the whole world with the rise of European and American countries.

▲ Well, I’m a little 13th.

In the 17th century, East Asia is undergoing a sky-shaking change. In 1603, Tokugawa Ieyasu established the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo, ending the Warring States Period, which lasted for a hundred years. On the other side of China, the Ming and Qing dynasties changed in 1644, and the Manchu people in Baishan Blackwater became the masters of the Chinese empire.

From 862, the Japanese began to use the Xuanming Calendar compiled by China in the Tang Dynasty, which had been used for about 800 years by the 17th century. As the error increased and the Tokugawa shogunate thought that China had been ruled by barbarians and could no longer be regarded as a cultural power, Japan began to compile its own calendar. In 1685, a Japanese astronomer, Haruhai Sechuan, compiled the first "domestic almanac" in Japanese history-Zhen Xiang Li.

▲ The location of Tokugawa shogunate-Edo

At the end of the 17th century, China, Japan and North Korea all adopted a closed-door policy to prevent rebellion and the infiltration of external forces. Just as Europeans were opening up global trade, East Asia closed its doors to the outside world and gradually fell behind in its development.

After Zhen Xiang Li, Japan successively edited Bao Li Li and Kuan Zheng Li. By 1844 (the 15th year of natural forest protection in Japan), on the basis of combining the latest achievements of western astronomy, Japan issued a new version of the almanac "Natural Forest Protection Calendar". Unexpectedly, this almanac, which took great efforts to complete, was swept into the pile of old paper after only 29 years of use.

▲ Japanese historical stages

On February 13th, 1854, it was the 16th day of the traditional lunar month, and the festive atmosphere of the New Year had not completely dissipated, and there was still a feeling of jubilation in Edo City (now Tokyo).

Suddenly, several black American warships, led by American navy general Matthew Perry, sailed into Edo Bay. Perry, backed by force, forced Japan to sign the unequal Kanagawa Treaty. Russia and other countries are also eyeing Japan, and the cloud of becoming a colony has shrouded this island country.

▲ Perry

People of insight in Japan saw through the decay of the shogunate and determined to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate. Changzhou, Satsuma and other vassals, which were at odds with the shogunate politically, became the base camp of the anti-curtain faction. The troops sent by the rebels defeated the shogunate army in the battle of Bird Feather and Fujian, and the Tokugawa shogunate fell. The fall of the curtain faction announced that "the great government was returned", and Emperor Meiji, who had just ascended the throne, went to the front desk.

The threat of western invasion led to the Meiji Restoration, and at the same time, China was also carrying out the Westernization Movement. However, the Westernization Movement did not touch the feudal ruling system of the Qing Dynasty, and the reform focused on military and other fields, and the breadth and depth of the reform were not as thorough as that of the Meiji Restoration.

▲ Emperor Meiji

Emperor Meiji, who restored certain powers, was extremely supportive of the reform, which covered many fields such as politics, military affairs, culture and education. Japan’s feudal rule order was broken, production in light industry and other fields flourished, and social atmosphere gradually became civilized.

On November 21, 1872 (October 1, the fifth year of the Meiji period in Tianbaoli), the calendar-awarding trading company established in May of that year obtained the right to sell official calendars, and is selling calendars for the new year in major cities. It has been more than four years since the Meiji Restoration, and the Japanese still use the traditional calendar.

▲ Calendar used in Japan

At the same time as the sales of the almanac were booming, Akira Tsumoto, who was the official official of Taisho, played "Abolishing the Tianbao Calendar and Implementing the Solar Calendar" to the Emperor.

Sakamoto Akira said that the national finance in the early Meiji Restoration was very tight. Limited funds are allocated to various reform undertakings, and the treasury, which is not rich, is about to bottom out.

During the Tokugawa shogunate period, most samurai got rice as an "annual salary" according to their status. After the Meiji Restoration, the samurai class was deprived of its privileges. In order to appease these professional soldiers, the new Meiji government still paid them salaries, but cash replaced rice and the payment method was changed to "monthly payment system".

▲ samurai class

Akira Tsumoto believes that if the old calendar is implemented, it is necessary to pay samurai and other civil servants a monthly salary of 13 months from time to time. This has to say a special problem in the calendar-setting leap.

A year’s time is not an integer, no matter what kind of calendar, there is a difference in time calculation. The lunar calendar in China uses a leap month to make up the time, and there will be 13 months every few years. Most solar calendars adopt leap days, that is, adding one day in individual months to make up for the time, such as February 29 in the Gregorian calendar. In this case, the month will not increase, just pay 12 months’ salary.

▲ Japanese officials in the 19th century.

Emperor Meiji accepted the suggestion and, taking advantage of the fact that the Lunar New Year was coming to an end, on December 2 of that year (the Lunar New Year), he issued a notice of Taizheng official to abandon the Tianbao calendar. The Tianbao calendar (lunar calendar) came to an abrupt end on December 2. The next day, the date changed from December 3 of the lunar calendar to January 1 of the solar calendar.

This move by the Japanese government not only saved the monthly salary of civil servants (including the samurai class) in the 13th month, but even the monthly salary in December of the lunar calendar was denied by the government in the name of "no salary will be paid after only two days in that month".

▲ Before the cabinet system was established, Minister Taisheng was the No.1 civil servant.

The people were caught off guard by the sudden abandonment of the old calendar, and the calendar issuing company suffered heavy losses. The old official calendars sold became a pile of waste paper, and the solar calendar official calendars could only be re-made. In order to compensate the merchants’ losses, Emperor Meiji approved to extend the time limit of the official sales calendar of the trading company for 10 years.

Fukuzawa Yukichi, an important Japanese enlightenment thinker in modern times, heard the news that the government issued a new calendar, and regardless of his physical illness, he wrote "Change the Calendar". Explain the new calendar to the people, and explain the importance of changing the calendar for Qiang Bing, a rich Japanese country, to realize the dream of leaving Asia and entering Europe.

▲ Fukuzawa Yukichi

At this point, in order to alleviate the financial pressure, Japan officially abolished the lunar calendar that had been implemented for thousands of years in 1873. The Spring Festival, based on the old calendar, disappeared. Japan redefined all festivals with the new calendar, and the original New Year on the first day of the first month became the New Year on January 1.

Thousands of years of habits cannot be completely changed by a single decree. For quite some time, the Japanese people continued the custom of celebrating the holidays on the lunar calendar, and Japan also marked the corresponding lunar calendar below the official calendar. However, with the deepening of the Meiji Restoration, leaving Asia and entering Europe became a broad consensus in Japanese society, and the lunar calendar gradually disappeared in Japanese society.

▲ Japan that "leaves Asia and enters Europe"

Third, start a new Japanese New Year

In 1895, Japan won the Sino-Japanese War. The Qing dynasty not only lost the war, but also abolished the suzerain-vassal relationship with Korea. Japan’s national pride has been further enhanced, and cutting with backward East Asian social traditions has become a strong trend in Japanese society.

In 1898, Japan adjusted its calendar. Since the abandonment of the lunar calendar in 1873, the solar calendar has been implemented in Japan for more than 20 years. However, Japan has adopted its own solar calendar, which is not completely consistent with the Gregorian calendar commonly used in the West.

▲ Sino-Japanese War

On May 11th, 1898, Emperor Meiji issued Imperial Decree No.90, replacing the calendar implemented in Japan with the Gregorian calendar, which was completely consistent with the calendars of western countries. This is the "leap year event" in Japanese history.

By 1910, Japan had annexed the Korean peninsula. In the same year, the Japanese official calendar completely canceled the marking of the lunar date, because celebrating the Lunar New Year was regarded as a symbol of backward countries by many Japanese at that time, and celebrating the New Year on the Gregorian New Year’s Day became the mainstream of Japanese society.

Only in Ryukyu Islands and some remote villages have the custom of Lunar New Year been preserved, while the Japanese-occupied Korean Peninsula and Taiwan Province were not inhabited by Yamato people, and most of them persisted in the Lunar New Year.

▲ The Japanese army occupied the Korean peninsula.

After the defeat of World War II, Japanese society accepted the transformation and influence of the United States, and the imprint of the Lunar New Year was further diluted. Neighboring countries such as China and South Korea also adopt the Gregorian calendar, while retaining the lunar calendar and continuing the custom of the Spring Festival. With the rise of Japan’s economy, the way to celebrate the Japanese New Year has gradually taken shape.

The Japanese New Year moved the original Spring Festival to the Gregorian New Year, and now it has become the consensus of the Japanese to celebrate the New Year on January 1. The Lunar New Year is called the "Spring Festival Festival Festival Festival", which is hard to find except in some areas of Wakayama, Okinawa and other counties and Chinese residential areas.

▲ Spring Festival Festival Festival

Every year around December 26th of the Gregorian calendar, the annual flavor of Japan begins to appear. Shops that have just removed their Christmas costumes immediately put on Japanese New Year’s colorful costumes, and every household is busy. People will hang "note ropes" at the door to drive away disasters, and prepare mirror cakes made of rice cakes and oranges at home.

Put pine on both sides of the door, or hang pine branches in front of the door. This custom was introduced to Japan in the Tang Dynasty, and "Song" is similar to "Shi" in Japanese, so the Japanese pray for the gods to protect their family.

▲ Mensong

The pronunciation of "nine" and "bitter" in Japanese is similar. On this day, people choose to let go of the 29th and finish all the preparations before the New Year on December 30th.

December 31st is called "Big Bad Day", which is similar to New Year’s Eve in China. On this night, the Japanese will also "keep watch", and the whole family will sit around and watch the annual "Red and White Song Festival" (which started in 1951 and has a function similar to the China Spring Festival Gala), waiting for the arrival of the New Year.

▲ Red and white songs

On the occasion of the New Year, the elders will give the younger generation "Nianyu", which is similar to China’s lucky money. Many places in Japan still have the custom of drinking Tu Su wine in the New Year.

Japanese New Year’s Eve includes rice cake soup cooked with vegetables, fish and shrimp, and a bowl of buckwheat noodles. This custom originated in the Tokugawa shogunate period. The slender buckwheat noodles symbolize longevity, and the good life is as long as noodles. And soba noodles are easy to break, meaning to say goodbye to the troubled past.

▲ Nianyue soba noodles

After 12 o’clock, people will gather in nearby temples and shrines for the "first visit", that is, the first visit to the New Year. People gathered to ring the Brahma bells in the temple and pray for peace and happiness in the new year. Large monasteries, such as Sensoji Temple in Tokyo and East Honganji in Kyoto, will have endless queues.

Japan celebrates the New Year on January 1st of the Gregorian calendar, which is called New Year’s Day in China, but it plays the role of New Year’s Day in Japan. People donate incense money in temples to worship the Seven Fortune Gods.

▲ Bell ringer

The Spring Festival has been attached to Japan for thousands of years, and China almanac was used by Japan from 862 to 1685. After using the local calendar for two centuries, Japan abolished the lunar calendar in 1873. However, the notes of the lunar calendar have remained for about 40 years, and the traditional New Year customs have also been preserved, but they have been moved to the Gregorian New Year’s Day.

The dates of Chinese and Japanese New Year celebrations are staggered because of the different calendars, but the people’s expectations for a better life are the same. The festive atmosphere is full of people’s endless hopes for the future.

▲ Pray for a happy New Year.

Long-term author | Blue sky and clear distance

A veteran lover of history

Editor in charge | ｜Thomas

Graduate of London School of Economics and Political Science | Editor-in-Chief of Global Intelligence

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Original title: "Japan, why did you abolish the Lunar New Year and the Spring Festival? 》

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CCTV News:The ways and means of extremist organizations to attract recruiters are very tempting and deceptive, and many people are tempted to join the group.

Extreme organization network mapping

According to figures reported by American media, during the period of rapid expansion of extremist organizations, more than 20,000 foreign extremists from more than 90 countries went to Syria and Iraq. This figure is attributed to a systematic and efficient publicity network. With the progress of cracking down on extremist organizations, these foreign extremists either continue to wander around Syria and Iraq or return to their countries of origin. In addition to people like onur who are aware of the true colors of extremist organizations, there are also some stubborn extremists, and their scattered return is still an extremely unstable factor facing all countries in the world.

Massive social media accounts spread brainwashing content

Massive social media accounts spread brainwashing content

According to members of extremist organizations, the usual means of recruiting personnel by extremist organizations is to apply for a large number of accounts on various social media platforms, or develop special media platforms, release bloody videos, instill extreme ideas, or promise false honors. In addition to brainwashing content, extremists will also post life photos such as food and selfies in their personal accounts, trying to convey the illusion of a better life to the outside world to confuse more young people. In view of the great influence of extremist organizations through online propaganda, in recent years, many well-known social media companies have decided to remove terrorist content and close accounts related to extremist organizations.

Private contact fosters intimacy.

Many young women have been tricked into joining extremist organizations.

In addition to putting a huge amount of information on the Internet, extremists will also have one-on-one online and offline contact with the recruits, cultivate feelings and gain trust with the targets, and further encourage young people to go to Iraq or Syria to participate in terrorist activities. There are also members of extremist organizations who even use love as bait to lure young women to extremist organizations.

The pressure of extremists returning to Europe to fight terrorism has increased.

The picture shows that after the terrorist attacks in Barcelona, the Spanish Ministry of the Interior raised the expected level of counter-terrorism.

Since the beginning of this year, in the context of the continuous strengthening of anti-terrorism in European countries, the momentum of terrorism in Europe has not diminished, and terrorist attacks have even shown a high incidence. Britain, France, Belgium and even the relatively calm northern and southern Europe have not been spared. Almost all major attacks have extremist organizations behind them. At present, the living space of extremist organizations has been greatly suppressed, and extremists who went to Syria and Iraq have "returned" one after another, which has made many European countries feel tremendous pressure on counter-terrorism. Some experts said that to combat terrorism, European policymakers need to deploy more anti-terrorism forces to prevent the Internet from becoming a tool for spreading extreme ideas, and to prevent the breeding of terrorism through the joint efforts of the government and social institutions.

　　Hongqi Canal is an endless stream of "artificial Tianhe". The spirit of Hongqi Canal is an inexhaustible spiritual wealth, and it is also a family heirloom of Linzhou people. Entering a new era and starting a new journey, 1.16 million Linzhou people have carried forward the spirit of Hongqi Canal, sought the source of power from the spirit of Hongqi Canal, supplemented the calcium of the spirit, established the standard of struggle, encouraged the ambition of progress, made unremitting efforts and pursued dreams, and wrote a magnificent chapter of leap-forward development.

　　National Learning Day Spirit Baptism

　　"Carry forward the spirit of Hongqi Canal and strive to be a brilliant Linzhou person!" This is the theme of the first "National Learning Day" in Linzhou on October 10th.

　　October 10th this year is the first collective learning day after the establishment of the "National Learning Day" system in Linzhou. On September 30th, Linzhou Municipal Committee held a publicity meeting on the spirit of Hongqi Canal in the whole city, and issued implementation opinions on further promoting the spirit of Hongqi Canal and striving to be a brilliant Linzhou person in the new era, which aroused strong repercussions among the cadres and the masses in the city. The city has continued to build a "book-reading Linzhou for the whole people", and towns, streets and units have designated the 10th of each month as "Reading Day for the whole people". Cadres and the masses share the story of Hongqiqu in reading, learn to understand the spirit of Hongqiqu, and strive to be a brilliant Linzhou person in the new era.

　　Learn from Guangming Daily’s report on the spirit of Hongqi Canal, read books about Hongqi Canal, watch the video of Hongqi Canal’s spirit preaching in Lecture Room, and invite model workers and local canal repairers to tell the story of Hongqi Canal, which is the main content of the first National Reading Day.

　　"When we were repairing the canal at the Wangjiazhuang site, one day the migrant workers reported that the roof of the tunnel was falling, and the technicians Wu Zutai and Li Maode entered the tunnel together. Unexpectedly, something happened, and the young technician Wu just left … "The old man Zhao Xichang, a canal repairman in Longquanzhuang Village, told the village party member cadres about the story of Wu Zutai, a technician on the site of Hongqi Canal, who died in the exploration of the tunnel, and could not help but shed tears. All the people present sighed, and they felt the tragic and heroic spirit of "how ambitious they are to sacrifice, and dare to teach the sun and the moon to change into a new sky", and even more felt the hard-won good life today.

　　Linzhou City Taxation Bureau invited Zhang Maijiang, a special model worker of Hongqi Canal Construction, to tell the story of his 13-year-old son who inherited his father’s ambition to dig the canal bank, boldly innovate the mountain blasting and quit without stopping to protect the canal. More than 100 party member people present were deeply shocked.

　　"Our cadres in party member carry forward the spirit of the Red Flag Canal, lay a solid foundation for loyalty, build a bottom line for respecting the law and discipline, and demonstrate the strength of strengthening the country by promoting taxation, so as to promote the high-quality development of Linzhou’s taxation to a new level and create new glories." Pei Sheqi, party secretary and director of the bureau, said.

　　On the evening of 10th, Linzhou Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League held an evening lecture in Xiatao Village. The vivid story formed a strong learning atmosphere in the village, which attracted everyone to listen and learn. Zhang Chen, deputy secretary of Linzhou Communist Youth League Committee, lecturer of Linzhou Youth Lecturer Group, and leader of the fourth group of training department of Hongqi Canal Cadre College, recreated the great feat of the people of Linxian County in building Hongqi Canal in those days with a series of struggles of canal repairers and a series of canal repair vows, which evoked the memories of the older generation at the scene. Some old people could not hide their excitement, and they told the story of canal repair in those days after the meeting.

　　Wang Wei, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of Guiyuan Street and director of the office, said in his study: "The vivid stories of the Red Flag Canal made us immersed in the grand scene of our ancestors fighting in Taihang Mountain to build the Tianhe River. We should study and understand the spirit of the Red Flag Canal more deeply, be a learning cadre, a thinking cadre and an action cadre, apply the spirit of the Red Flag Canal to grassroots work, and do every job well with the enthusiasm of repairing the Red Flag Canal."

　　A cannon, a spirit. A flag, a monument. Learning the spirit of Hongqi Canal has set off a new wave of enthusiasm in Linzhou, condensing and inspiring the majestic power of pursuing dreams.

　　People who visited the canal to send pictures to the countryside.

　　"I am so old that you still come to take pictures of me. Those of us who have repaired the Hongqi Canal are always remembered." On October 6th, in a small farmhouse in Shilou Village, Huanghua Town, Linzhou City, 85-year-old Liu Suocheng said excitedly when he saw Li Junsheng, vice chairman of Linzhou Photographers Association, taking pictures for him.

　　When the Hongqi Canal was built in 1960, Liu Suocheng, who was in his prime, once participated in the Battle of Wutai Cliff as a gunner and made contributions to the construction of the Hongqi Canal. Li Junsheng, a photographer’s association of Linzhou, who participated in the large-scale public welfare photography activity of "sending pictures to the countryside and approaching canal repairers", quickly rushed to Shilou Village after learning the story of the old man, trying to keep the images and stories for the old man. Li Junsheng said: "Many canal repairers passed away in those days. What we did was to leave images for these respectable and lovely canal repairers, record their stories, and let the spirit of Hongqi Canal be passed down from generation to generation."

　　The Linzhou Photographers Association has been insisting on the activity of "sending shadows to the countryside and approaching canal repairers" for six years. In July, 2014, the large-scale public welfare photography activity of "Sending Shadows to the Countryside and Approaching Canal Repairers" carried out by the Propaganda Department of Linzhou Municipal Committee and Linzhou Photographers Association was launched in Nancaisang Village, Caisang Town, Linzhou City. Since then, nearly 100 members of the city’s Photographers Association have gone deep into more than 500 villages in 20 towns and streets of Linzhou City, taking free photos for more than 40,000 living canal repairers, and then printing a 12-inch photo for each person as a souvenir. The expenses in the filming process are borne by the members.

　　Seeing the photographer taking pictures of canal repairers, Qin Rongzhen, an old man in Nancaisang Village, was very emotional. She introduced to the photographer how to hammer and drill the drill at the Hongqi Canal construction site: "When we were at the canal repair site, we held two steel drills for four people to hammer, and that gesture was like a bird spreading its wings. Because the construction site at that time was on the Phoenix Mountain, people called our posture’ Phoenix Wings Spread’. Our leader is Hao Gaixiu, but unfortunately she passed away. If only she had seen this scene today! "

　　"I have known the spirit of the Red Flag Canal since I was a child, but I really approached the canal repairers and listened to their stories about repairing the canal. I was completely shocked by the spirit of the Red Flag Canal. Taking pictures for canal repairers, although I have sacrificed many holidays, I can’t take care of my own affairs, but it is worthwhile to be tired again. " Guan Weiying, a young member of the city’s Photographers Association, told reporters. She went to 10 villages to take pictures of hundreds of canal builders, and their spirit touched her.

　　"In order to take pictures of Tian Qisheng, a canal repairman, I made three trips to Sanchi Village, Hejian Town." Li Junsheng told reporters that Tian Qisheng didn’t have a mobile phone, and he was not at home after two visits, and he was photographed the third time. There are also old people who repair canals and stay in bed, and members help the old people sit up and take pictures. "While taking pictures of canal repairers, our hearts are also baptized by the spirit of Hongqi Canal, which makes us cherish the happy life now." Li Junsheng said.

　　The living canal repairers are the "treasures" of Linzhou City and the "living teaching materials" of the spirit of Hongqi Canal. However, the youngest of them has also entered seventy years of age, so it is incumbent on them to dig and keep their stories. In addition to Linzhou Photographers Association, Linzhou Federation of Literary and Art Circles and Rong Media Center also carried out activities to visit canal repairers, and opened up columns such as "Tell the story of Hongqi Canal well and strive to be the successor of Hongqi Canal", so that the story and spirit of Hongqi Canal can be passed down from generation to generation.

　　Hongqi Canal Story Club Run Humanities Landscape City

　　Our predecessors planted trees, while our descendants enjoyed the cool. After the "Canal Generation", generations of Linzhou people became the beneficiaries of Hongqi Canal. However, they did not lie on the credit books of their predecessors, but let the spirit of Hongqiqu pass on from generation to generation, and wrote the legend of the spirit of Hongqiqu in the new era, which is "difficult without fear, rich without confusion, self-improvement and unremitting struggle".

　　"Shen Qianqian, who was helped by our team, was admitted to Luoyang Normal University this year. She used to be an unfortunate child. A few days ago, we just sent her a 2,000 yuan scholarship. Depending on knowledge to change fate, we are willing to be the strong backing of these poor children. In our life, the spirit of solidarity, cooperation and mutual assistance is particularly necessary. " On October 15th, Jia Wenhui, a representative of the "Love Mom" team, introduced to the leaders of Xuzhou Charity Federation in Jiangsu Province with deep affection in the emerging community of Longshan Street in Linzhou City.

　　The "loving mother" team was established in March 2014, and has grown from the initial 46 people to nearly 200 people now. They inherit the spirit of Hongqiqu and help poor children in pairs, which not only provides material help for the aided children, but also makes them feel love and warmth. At present, the team has established long-term contact with nearly 200 lonely children from various towns in Linzhou City, and paid them a monthly living allowance according to their age. Among them, 11 children lived in the home of "loving mother" and ate, lived and studied with the children of "loving mother". Eight of the children helped by the team have been admitted to the university.

　　Jia Wenhui is not only a member of the "loving mother" team, but also a volunteer of the story group of Hongqi Canal in Linzhou.

　　Linzhou Hongqi Canal Story Presentation Group was established in August 2019, with the theme of telling the story of the spiritual inheritor of Hongqi Canal in the new era. Six outstanding citizens, including Jia Wenhui, Li Xiaoli, Li Zhonghui, Yang Yongfeng, Hu Xiaofeng and Zhang Jianqi, are storytellers in the team. Over the past year or so, they have either acted collectively or attacked individually, and walked into communities, rural areas, schools, enterprises and municipal departments to tell the story of inheriting the Red Flag Canal. Their first presentation won 200,000 people online and offline, which caused a strong response in urban and rural areas.

　　Jia Wenhui tells the story of the "loving mother" team building a fortress of love for poor children with warm arms. Li Xiaoli is a volunteer in Longshan community, telling the story of persistence, dedication, no regrets and happiness in being the most beautiful volunteer. Li Zhonghui, a staff member of Kaiyuan Sub-district Office, tells the story of "transformation" of an old community. Yang Yongfeng is the captain of the Red Flag Canal Emergency Rescue Team. He tells the story that he and his teammates are involved in public welfare rescue and doing good deeds. Hu Xiaofeng is a member of the voluntary blood donation service team, telling the story of great love and "red" volunteer dedication. Zhang Jianqi is a "good man in China" and the deputy director of the Association Department of Hongqi Canal Friendship Association. He tells the story that he saved people many times by the Qi River as a volunteer in party member, regardless of his own safety, and passed on the spirit of being brave by his actions.

　　Wherever they go, their stories are touching, and their stories are passionate and true. Their sharing has promoted the culture of volunteer service, helped Linzhou to shape a "city of volunteers", create a national civilized city, and create a city of humanities and landscapes, adding glory to the spirit of Hongqi Canal.

　　At present, with the continuous online status, all departments in the province have further promoted the action of connecting 10,000 cadres with 10,000 enterprises to solve the worries for the development of enterprises.

　　Staggered peak power consumption has achieved remarkable results in energy saving and cost reduction.

　　"In June, we saved nearly 220,000 yuan in electricity bills." On July 5th, Wang Lifeng, Director of Production and Security Department of Zhuying Group, was pleased to introduce to the reporter.

　　This year, the industry, information and electric power departments of Zhuzhou City investigated the electricity consumption of key enterprises, and produced energy consumption analysis reports to help enterprises find ways to further explore the space for cost reduction.

　　According to Wang Lifeng, the electricity price is 1.09 yuan per kilowatt-hour at peak hours, and it is only 3 cents or more at trough times, and the price difference reaches 7 cents or more. In the past, the price difference was not so big, and enterprises did not have the concept of peak and valley electricity consumption. Today, the company actively promotes peak shifting production. For example, the pressure sintering furnace consumes a lot of electricity, especially in the equipment heating stage. By adjusting the schedule, the equipment heating process is arranged in zero shift, and the low-valley electricity price is used, which has obvious effects of energy saving and cost reduction.

　　On July 5th, the person in charge of State Grid Lianyuan Power Supply Company visited enterprises such as Sanyi Zhongyuan New Materials and Chuangan Explosion-proof in Loudi High-tech Zone to understand the electricity load and demands of enterprises, and be a good "staff officer" for enterprises to use electricity.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Lianyuan City has provided special fund subsidies to peak-shaving power enterprises in the special fund of "relieving difficulties and increasing efficiency", and promoted the balance between power supply and demand through demand-side resources to help enterprises reduce their burdens and develop.

　　In order to make better use of the existing reward and compensation policy for off-peak electricity consumption, State Grid Lianyuan Power Supply Company has stepped up policy promotion and actively guided customers to participate in the response according to the latest electricity price policy on January 1st and the fluctuation law of peak-valley electricity price. At present, the low power consumption of power consumption enterprises in the city has increased from 30% to 40% in the past, and it has continued to grow.

　　"The peak-to-peak electricity consumption allows the company to save more than 50,000 yuan in monthly electricity bills, and with government financial subsidies, the production cost has been reduced in a down-to-earth manner and the operating efficiency has been improved." Xie Hua, head of Fenghua Coal Industry Company, said.

　　Solve problems intimately and win the steam "guarantee supply war"

　　In the past few days, in Tongguan Industrial Park, Wangcheng Economic Development Zone, cadres have joined hands with enterprises to solve difficult problems and won a steam "guarantee and supply war".

　　According to the unified arrangement of the provincial power grid, Hunan Huadian Changsha Power Plant will be shut down for at least one week in June, and the supply of steam will be suspended. However, more than 30 key enterprises in Tongguan Industrial Park need the steam resources of Changsha Power Plant as stable and sufficient production heat energy, and the average steam consumption is about 50 tons/hour, and summer is the peak period of enterprise production, which will directly lead to the failure of normal production. Among them, Yongshan Lithium Industry, as a leading project in Hunan’s advanced energy storage material industry chain, the first phase of the project was ignited at the end of last year, and the output of 10,000 tons was sprinted this year. June was the last critical period for the first phase of production line to be put into production.

　　In order to minimize the impact of double-machine outage on the production of enterprises, the park launched joint enterprise cadres to conduct on-site research on more than 30 steam enterprises, and after knowing the production plan and steam demand of enterprises in detail, decided to classify policies and solve them separately according to the production situation of enterprises.

　　For building materials enterprises with short production process and batch production of products, the park suggests that enterprises stop production during the maintenance of power plants, and accelerate the expansion of production capacity before the maintenance to make up for the product demand during the shutdown period; For advanced energy storage materials and bio-pharmaceutical enterprises with long production process and continuous production, the park coordinates the power plant to start the standby boiler to ensure the minimum gas demand for enterprise production; Encourage some enterprises to start self-built boilers, and coordinate Kunlun gas and Xinao gas to increase gas supply to ensure the normal production needs of enterprises. The park also coordinates the standby boiler of Changsha Power Plant to supply gas to the enterprise at the usual price, and the difference generated in the middle is shared by the park and Changsha Power Plant, further reducing the burden on the enterprise.

　　At the end of June, the commissioning of the first phase production line of Yongshan Lithium Industry Project was completed, and the whole line was put into production. "Fortunately, the park has fully guaranteed supply and coordinated from it, which has guaranteed the demand for steam for enterprises and helped to lower the cost of steam." Yang Feng, Chairman of Yongshan Lithium Industry, expressed sincere gratitude to the park for its help.

　　(Text/Cao Wei Xiao Xingqun Yin Yating)

　　(A) time is a constant, but also a variable of the endeavor.

　　“2013.11— 2016.11 ",comprehensively deepening reform has gone through three years. Three years is short, but under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, countless changes are taking place on the land of China, and the strength of hundreds of millions of people is gathering and expanding into a special unit with the essence of China’s modernization process.

　　In the past three years, China has entered a new "reform time". Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a new wave of reform has surged. In November 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held, which made a general arrangement and general mobilization for comprehensively deepening reform, and sounded the reform assembly number. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee opened a new era of comprehensively administering the country according to law. Reform and the rule of law go hand in hand, break through and complement each other. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee laid out the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" with a new development concept, which played a "double play" of reform and development at the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made new arrangements for the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party and started a new journey of Party building under the new situation.

　　In the past three years, China has realized a new "reform vision". "If comprehensively deepening reform is compared to building a building, these three years are three years of tamping the foundation, selecting materials and preparing materials, and erecting columns and beams. This year, we will strive to build the main frame." The words of the Supreme Leader General Secretary are confident and powerful.

　　From the bronze statue of Deng Xiaoping in Lianhua Mountain, Guangdong Province, to the seventh meeting place of the Party in Yang Jialing, Shaanxi Province, and then to the wheat field in Xiaogang Village, Fengyang, Anhui Province … … The overall pattern and context of comprehensively deepening reform have become increasingly clear. The economic system, political system, cultural system, social system, ecological civilization system and party building system have been comprehensively reformed, and landmark and pillar reforms in various fields have been basically launched, and breakthroughs have been made in important areas and key links. When many countries bemoan the difficulty in developing a new engine, they are surprised to find that the "four beams and eight pillars" of China’s comprehensive deepening reform are springing up.

　　Choose China’s own destiny and respond to the world’s development problems. On the "key journey" to realize the Chinese dream, the most important governance reform in contemporary China is gaining ground, and the most magnificent picture of reform in the new century is slowly unfolding. Today, China has stood at a new historical starting point of comprehensively deepening reform and increasing new impetus for economic and social development.

　　(2) "New Awakening, New Long March", as some people describe the new governance bureau in the past three years. Reform is a profound revolution, which changes the system and mechanism, moves vested interests, and requires courage, perseverance and resolute style.

　　From comprehensive sowing in the first year of deep reform, the second flowering, to comprehensive efforts and in-depth promotion in the key year, and then to the year of tackling key problems, erecting columns and beams, and making bold progress … … In the past three years, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has dared to try, break and stand, and scored high marks in the "big exam" of reform.

　　— — The real knife is a real gun, dare to "show the sword", and comprehensively deepen the reform and leave a "hard bone."

　　The reform of the salary system for the heads of state-owned enterprises was initiated and implemented; The overall plan for ecological civilization reform was unveiled; The pilot project to standardize the behavior of leading cadres’ spouses, children and their spouses in doing business has been carried out in a solid manner; The record, notification and accountability system of leading cadres’ intervention in judicial activities and handling of specific cases was formally established; The new pattern of general management of military commission, main battle of theater and main construction of military services was born, and the organizational structure of the army achieved historic changes … … Breaking through the barriers of ideological concepts and the barriers of solidification of interests, the reform has cracked a number of "long-standing problems" that have been discussed for many years, with great resistance and long-term difficulties.

　　— — The blade is inward, dare to "break the wrist", comprehensively deepen the reform and overcome the "breakthrough".

　　The central government’s pricing items were reduced by 80%, the local government’s pricing items were reduced by half, and the price reform was drastic; Sun power list, push the openness of government affairs, and the construction of a government ruled by law is steady; The management mode of pre-entry national treatment plus negative list is implemented for foreign investment, and the experience of Shanghai Free Trade Zone is replicated and promoted throughout the country … … Jumping out of the box and overcoming the constraints of departmental interests, the reform has seized the "bull nose" involving multiple departments and fields.

　　— — Real money and silver, dare to make "real moves" and comprehensively deepen reforms have highlighted "gold content".

　　The comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination was successfully implemented, and more rural children can attend good universities; Deepen the reform of the medical and health system, rationalize the price comparison of medicines, and promote graded diagnosis and treatment, so that more patients will no longer "tolerate minor illnesses and delay serious illnesses"; Fully liberalize the two children and optimize the population structure; The reform of the household registration system has been firmly promoted, and the household registration book is no longer a high wall that blocks urban and rural mobility; The reform of public security has been deepened in an all-round way, and it is more convenient for people without hukou to register their hukou, apply for identity cards in different places, take driver’s licenses and do vehicle inspections … … To improve people’s livelihood and well-being, and to keep an eye on fairness and justice, the reform has played a set of combination boxing of "caring for the people’s suffering and eliminating the people’s harm", giving the people a heavy "sense of gain".

　　"The sea pressure on bamboo branches is low, and the wind blows the corner of the mountain." At the closing of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee three years ago, there were many doubts about China’s 336 reform tasks in overseas public opinion. Today, their evaluation is: "Looking around the world, no country can push forward the reform in a way that promises to be done and races against the clock like China today."

　　(3) Reform is the way for a country and a nation to survive and develop. Looking at the new round of reform in a larger space-time coordinate, what is its historical position? How to judge its historical value?

　　System and governance are fundamental issues that determine the nature and competitiveness of a country. Throughout the ages, most social unrest and regime change can be attributed to the failure to form an effective national governance system and governance capacity.

　　Judging from the historical process since the birth of socialism, how to govern a brand-new society like socialism has not been well solved in the past world socialist practice. Marx and Engels did not have the experience of comprehensively governing a socialist country; Lenin founded the first socialist country in the world, but he died without further exploration. The Soviet Union has been brilliant in its governance for more than 70 years, but various social contradictions and problems have accumulated over time, and it is difficult to return, and finally it cannot escape the fate of national death and political interest.

　　From the historical process of social change in China since modern times, the gunfire of the Revolution of 1911 in Chengtou, Wuchang shattered the autocratic monarchy system that lasted for thousands of years in old China, but the following constitutional monarchy, restoration of monarchy, parliamentary system, multi-party system and presidential system, all kinds of national governance system schemes were defeated in reality. After the founding of New China, our party has made active explorations in governance practice, and has also encountered serious twists and turns. Since the reform and opening up, our party has begun to think about the national governance system from a brand-new perspective, and the institutional issues have been raised to the height of "fundamental, overall, stable and long-term", and finally found the right path and opened up a new road.

　　The smooth progress of China’s modernization requires us to promote the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system to be more mature and stereotyped, which is a major historical task before the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC). China’s socialist practice has gone through the first half, we have established the basic socialist system and carried out reforms on this basis, and now we have a good foundation; In the second half, our main historical task is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, so as to provide a more complete, stable and effective system for the development of the cause of the party and the country, for the happiness and well-being of the people, for social harmony and stability, and for the long-term stability of the country. This project is extremely grand, and it can’t be adjusted piecemeal, nor can it be patched up. It must be a comprehensive system reform and improvement, and it is the linkage and integration of reforms and improvements in various fields, which will form an overall effect and achieve an overall effect on the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.

　　It is this kind of historical value and historical responsibility that makes the comprehensive deepening of reform without hesitation and forge ahead. The most precious thing is that the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core sublimated the practical achievements and institutional achievements of reform into ideological achievements, and formed a reform concept of rallying consensus, guiding practice and leading the future. This reform idea focuses on solving the problem of system modernization that concerns the long-term stability of the party and the country, and makes a new and incisive exposition on the reform motivation, reform objectives, reform subjects, reform methods and reform implementation, which greatly enriches and develops Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s reform theory and provides scientific theoretical guidance and action guidance for deepening reform and opening up under the new historical conditions.

　　(D) "Reform and opening up is a key measure to determine the fate of contemporary China, and it is also a decision to achieve ‘ Two hundred years ’ The key to achieving the goal and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation "— — On the issue of "why change", the understanding of the reform concept is more profound.

　　Deepening reform in an all-round way is in line with the trend of the world. After the international financial crisis, the United States launched re-industrialization; After the European debt crisis, Europe revisited rebalancing … … A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is gestating, and change is the general trend and the will of the people. We can’t do it without reform, nor can we do it if the reform is slow. If we miss the window of reform, it will cost more, cost more and have more sequelae in the future.

　　Deepening the reform in an all-round way is to meet the difficulties and solve the practical problems in China. The problem is the voice of the times and the driving force of reform. Reform is forced by problems, and it is deepened by constantly solving problems. In recent years, we have created the "China Miracle" that attracts worldwide attention. However, the pride of soaring is accompanied by growing pains — —

　　Many "dilemmas" need to be solved urgently: we will face the challenge of "middle-income trap" before we can recollect the joy of entering middle-income countries; To adjust the structure, we must drastically reduce production capacity and leverage, which can protect people’s livelihood and keep the bottom line and stabilize employment; To get rid of the chronic disease of the administrative examination and approval system, it is necessary to take drastic measures to eliminate the disease and punish the disorder, and to transform the government functions, it is necessary to pay attention to procedural justice and be well-founded in the law … … There are many contradictions, constant cutting and chaos.

　　Many "group anxieties" need to be alleviated: on the one hand, education is developing rapidly, but on the other hand, the educational channels are still not smooth; On the one hand, doctors’ overwork income is not high, on the other hand, it is difficult and expensive for patients to see a doctor. The pockets are bulging, why are some unfair distribution? There are many houses, why can’t some of them afford to live? The road is wider, why is it harder for some people to commute? … … People are more persistent in their pursuit of fairness and justice.

　　After development, there are no fewer problems than when it is not developed. At present, China still faces a long "list of problems": unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable development is still outstanding, the ability of scientific and technological innovation is not strong, the industrial structure is unreasonable, the development mode is extensive, the gap between urban and rural areas and the income distribution of residents is large, there are many problems that affect the vital interests of the people, and the situation of anti-corruption struggle is still grim … … Looking back, we have solved a series of problems in the development of the cause of the party and the state by means of reform; Facing the future, we must continue to deepen reform and opening up, further emancipate our minds, emancipate and develop social productive forces, and emancipate and enhance social vitality in order to solve all kinds of problems faced by development, resolve risks and challenges from all sides, give full play to Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s institutional advantages and promote sustained and healthy economic and social development. There is no other way.

　　Deepening reform in an all-round way is to seize the opportunity and seize the commanding heights of future development. Looking ahead, comprehensively deepening reform is the key link to coordinate and promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Reform is an important practice of building a well-off society in an all-round way, a sister chapter that goes hand in hand with the rule of law in an all-round way, and the only way for the party to purify itself, improve itself, innovate itself and improve itself. Reform runs through all fields of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, which is both a driving force and a cohesive force, a method path and a spiritual core. Only when the reform sails can the great ship "China" break the waves towards the Chinese dream.

　　(5) "Improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity" — — On the issue of "where to change", the reform goal is more clear.

　　It is an objective requirement for the reform process itself to expand forward, and it reflects the deepening and systematization of our party’s understanding of reform.

　　"The previous sentence" is the fundamental direction that must be adhered to in comprehensively deepening reform. To clarify this direction is to tell the world loudly that no matter what and how you change it, you must follow the Socialism with Chinese characteristics road, not any other road; We should uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics, not engage in other doctrines. "Some things that cannot be changed will not be changed for a long time." We should learn from the beneficial achievements of human political civilization, but we should not copy the political system model of other countries, and we will not accept any foreign bossy preaching, "We cannot let others experiment on our lives." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said forcefully, standing on the vast land of 9.6 million square kilometers, sucking the cultural nutrients accumulated by the long struggle of the Chinese nation, and possessing the majestic power of 1.3 billion people in China, we have gone our own way, with an incomparably broad stage, an incomparably profound historical background and an incomparably strong determination to move forward. Socialism with Chinese characteristics, this road can make sense and go far. To deepen reform in an all-round way is to make this road more practical and better. Every Chinese should have such institutional confidence.

　　"The latter sentence" is the proposition of the times and the clear direction of comprehensively deepening reform. We have talked about many modernizations, such as agricultural modernization, industrial modernization, scientific and technological modernization and national defense modernization, but a modern country was born just by splicing these modernizations together. Social system is the key factor of modernization reform. Only by raising the connotation of modernization to the height of managing modernization and making the perfection and development of the system the overall goal of reform can modernization move forward steadily and continuously. We must never underestimate the advantages, resilience, vitality and potential contained in the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, but we should also see that compared with China’s economic and social development and the requirements of the people, compared with the increasingly fierce international competition in today’s world, compared with the realization of long-term national stability, we still have many "shortcomings" in the national governance system and governance capacity. We must adapt to the general process of national modernization, realize the institutionalization, standardization and proceduralization of the governance of the party, state and society, and constantly improve the ability to effectively govern the country by using the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system.

　　"Two sentences" is complete. "We are deepening reform in an all-round way, not because the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system is not good, but to make it better; When we say that we must strengthen institutional self-confidence, we should not rest on our laurels, but constantly eliminate the shortcomings of institutional mechanisms and make our system mature and lasting. " This important conclusion of the Supreme Leader General Secretary profoundly reveals the dialectical relationship between comprehensively deepening reform and institutional self-confidence. Without firm institutional self-confidence, it is impossible to have the courage to deepen reform in an all-round way. Similarly, without continuous reform, institutional self-confidence cannot be thorough and long-lasting.

　　(6) "To comprehensively deepen reform, we must take promoting social fairness and justice and enhancing people’s well-being as the starting point and the end result, so that the people can have more sense of gain" — — On the issue of "for whom", the direction of reform is more distinct.

　　Mr. Lu Xun once said, "Most forces are great and important. If reformers who are interested in it do not know people’s hearts well and try to guide and improve them, no matter what kind of lofty ideas, romance and classicality, they have nothing to do with them, but only a few people admire each other in their study." The complexity, sensitivity and arduousness of our reform today are no less than those of more than 30 years ago. Only by grasping the ever-changing real public opinion in complex China and giving people more sense of gain can the reform always resonate with the people’s voices and not get lost in the tide of the times.

　　A sense of gain is a sense of echo.

　　"the people have a call, and the reform should be done." What the people care about and expect, what the reform must grasp and promote. The most prominent problems reflected by ordinary people are education, employment, old-age care, medical care, etc. The reform should start from these problems and take the interests of the masses as the direction of efforts, and we must move forward no matter how difficult it is. We should be good at finding the breakthrough point of reform from the focus of social concern and the difficulties of daily life. Some production and business activities that the masses engage in in in large quantities, such as setting up stalls in cities, are beyond the current laws and regulations, but they are also reasonable and reasonable, reflecting the needs of the masses. It may be futile to block them, but it may be effective to sparse them. Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, many reforms have turned some things that the masses are doing but have no legal basis into legal things. As long as we find the balance of interests, we often find an important breakthrough in reform. Only by keeping your eyes down and your feet down can the ideas, decisions and measures of reform be grounded and popular, and better meet the demands of the masses.

　　A sense of gain is a sense of participation.

　　"The movement of Dapeng is not a feather; The speed of galloping is not enough. " Deepening reform in an all-round way can’t treat the masses as spectators, but should guide them to work together for reform. The people will always be the "protagonists" of reform.

　　Whether the reform can score high depends on the grassroots and the masses. Taking the feelings and recognition of the masses as the touchstone, we can test whether the reform is aimed at the focal length and hit the key; It can more accurately measure whether the reform measures can stand up, stand firm and continuously release positive energy.

　　A sense of gain is a sense of benefit.

　　Interest adjustment is an unavoidable problem in the process of reform. In the past, the reform was often "Pareto improvement", and most people can benefit from the reform. Now the reform is likely to be "Caldo improvement", and interest enhancement and adjustment coexist. This requires us to calculate the interest account of the reform, comprehensively evaluate the interest changes before, during and after the implementation of the reform, always put the interests of the masses first, coordinate the interest relations at all levels in all aspects, and be good at calculating big accounts, general ledger and long-term accounts, so that the results of the reform can benefit the most people. This means that "to build a well-off society in an all-round way, no region, no nation and no one can fall behind", and the temperature of reform is marked with the scale of the bottom line; It means not only having enough to eat and wear warm clothes, but also living with high quality and vigor, and realizing the overall improvement of the "five in one"; It means to make a big cake and divide it well, create a fairer social environment, and let the reform bring visible benefits to the people and bring hot hope.

　　(7) "Reform and opening up is an unprecedented brand-new undertaking, and we must adhere to the correct methodology and promote it through continuous practice and exploration" — — On the issue of "how to change", the reform method is more scientific.

　　Seemingly ordinary problems, in the reality of China, often become not so simple. In the eastern, central and western regions, urban and rural areas, "the development gap has even reached a century"; More than 1.3 billion people, more than twice the combined population of the United States, Japan, Germany, France and Britain, have different interests and even are difficult to understand each other. How can we comprehensively deepen the reform accurately and steadily? This requires mastering the scientific reform methodology and handling several major relationships.

　　— — Both top-level design and grass-roots exploration are needed to realize the benign interaction between "up" and "down"

　　Top-level design and grass-roots exploration are mutually exclusive and dialectical unity. When the reform goes to the deep water area, the old and new contradictions are entangled, and the interests are complicated. Top-level design, like "navigator" and "tractor", can break through the visual obstacle of "seeing only trees but not forests", guide the reform beyond the existing interest pattern and move forward along the scientific path. Grass-roots exploration and "crossing the river by feeling the stones" also have great practical significance. There is a big gap in the development level of different regions in China, so it is unrealistic to want to line up, quick march and be uniform on the reform issue. If we want to "cross the river" smoothly, we should encourage all localities to find different "bridges" and "boats" according to their own reality.

　　Top-level design and grassroots exploration should have a global view. Top-level design should plan the overall situation, but this kind of planning is not sitting in the office "planning", but full investigation, repeated argumentation, timely adjustment and scientific decision-making. Grassroots exploration should also take into account the overall situation, and give full play to the demonstration, breakthrough and driving role of the pilot in overall reform.

　　— — It is necessary to make overall plans, but also focus on breakthroughs and pay attention to the systematicness, integrity and synergy of reform.

　　Without the innovation of tax adjustment, public finance and pension system, the reform of income distribution will inevitably be difficult to move forward; Without the protection of household registration, education, medical care and housing, it can only be a distant dream for migrant workers to become new citizens … … The deeper the reform is, the more relevant and interactive the reforms in all fields and links will be. Each reform will have an important impact on other reforms, and all of them need to be supported by other reforms. If it is only "linear deployment" and "single-soldier advance", and the first move and the second move are not considered comprehensively, the reform will inevitably be constrained by each other. Only by insisting on overall planning, integration and overall promotion can all reform measures cooperate with each other in policy orientation, promote each other in the implementation process and complement each other in reform effectiveness.

　　However, "all-round" does not mean spreading pepper noodles, not exerting force evenly, but focusing on the main aspects of major contradictions and contradictions, focusing on important areas and key links, finding out the hard bones to be gnawed, marking the dangerous beaches to be involved, exerting force at the key points, and doing "all at once".

　　— — We should not only promote reform under the rule of law, but also improve the rule of law in the reform and seek the best combination of reform and rule of law.

　　Only by solving problems within the framework of the rule of law, seeking the "greatest common denominator" under the rule of law, and ensuring that major reforms are based on the law, can we ensure that the reforms are orderly, unchanged, and stable. Reform focuses on breakthroughs, and the rule of law focuses on norms. To deepen reform in an all-round way, we must be brave in "breaking", that is, breaking through the shackles of ideas and breaking down the obstacles of institutional mechanisms. However, "breaking" is not borderless and bottomless, and we must move forward along the track of the rule of law. The ultimate goal of "breaking" is to "establish", that is, to form a set of more complete, stable and efficient laws and systems. It is incorrect to think that reform is to break through the "bondage" of law, and that reform should be on the road and law should give way.

　　Only when legislation actively adapts to the needs of reform and development can we give full play to the role of the rule of law in safeguarding and promoting reform. Practice has proved that the mature reform experience and effective reform measures should be promptly upgraded to laws and regulations; Conservative and rigid, which has become a stumbling block in development, should be revised as soon as possible; Laws and regulations that are outdated and have long been out of line with reality should be abolished decisively. The view that the law is to maintain "ultra-stability" is also incorrect.

　　— — It is necessary to push forward the reform plan quickly, but also persevere in the implementation of the reform and adhere to the high unity of "taking advantage of the situation" and "taking reality".

　　Deepening the reform in an all-round way is a systematic project, with many clues and heavy tasks. We must first concentrate on pushing out the main reform measures, lift the momentum, and then implement them one by one, which is determined by the reform environment and implementation conditions. If we are slow and step by step, not only will time not be allowed, but also some major reform measures will not be implemented systematically. This requires us to pay attention to the reform plan and the implementation of the reform in the future reform, and the adopted plan should be "inspected" to ensure that it is in place.

　　(8) "Do a good job in the implementation of the reform in the spirit of nailing nails, and focus on it and grasp it repeatedly until it achieves results" — — On the issue of "how to change it in place", the reform attitude is more determined.

　　A new wave of reform has started, but some localities and departments are still lazy, slow, fake and will not change. Some people don’t know enough: some are "single-minded" to overcome difficulties and push forward; There are also "dubious" people who follow the tide; Others "half-heartedly" delay or even hinder the reform by moving their own interests. Some are ineffective in implementation: some follow up the meeting with meetings and implement documents with documents, "only to the knees"; There are also plans to let go, not to guide, not to supervise, and to "manage students regardless of raising"; There is also a lack of system integration, the lack of convergence of laws and regulations, and the lack of matching related reforms, which restricts the maximization of reform effects.

　　To truly take root in reform, we need to be a reform promoter, support reform, dare to take responsibility, and be a good reform doer, grasp reform in our hands, implement it and achieve results.

　　Reform is important. We can’t regard reform as a mechanical and purely physical process, but we must see that reform is actually a human change. "If geometric axioms violate people’s interests, they will certainly be refuted." It’s normal to change the power in one’s hand, take advantage of the department, cut one’s own meat and touch other people’s cheese. It’s impossible to beat gongs and drums, be happy and easy, and cause people’s ideological activities and even fluctuations. If a reform plan is launched, there will be no response in the society, and it will be quiet, calm and stable, which only shows that the reform has not touched on deep-seated contradictions and problems. It is necessary to realize that reform is painful, but it will be painful if it is not reformed. As long as it is in line with national interests, national interests and people’s interests, as long as it is conducive to the implementation of the new development concept and as long as it is conducive to increasing the people’s sense of gain, it will be resolutely broken and resolutely reformed. Stones stand in the way, the weak are regarded as obstacles to progress, the brave as a ladder to progress, and the brave win at the critical moment of reform.

　　Reform focuses on hard work. One action is better than a dozen programs. At present, some reform measures are still stuck in meetings and remain on paper. We must practice the requirements of "three strictness and three realities", understand that the reform should be realistic, plan and implement the reform, and improve the penetration of the reform plan. We must never engage in empty talk, step on empty feet, and shoot dumb guns. It is necessary to establish a full-process, efficient and verifiable reform implementation mechanism: grasp the main responsibility and tighten the responsibility screw; Grasp the supervision and coordination, control the progress, check the quality, coordinate the contradictions and balance comprehensively; Grasp the effectiveness of reform, stimulate the vitality of development and enhance people’s well-being … … It is also necessary to establish an institutional mechanism that not only encourages innovation, praises the advanced, but also allows trial and error and tolerates failure, forms the orientation of employing people with reformers above and without reformers, and creates a strong atmosphere of wanting to reform, daring to reform and being good at reform.

　　Wherever the reform is promoted, the inspector will follow up. Reform and reform have made progress, and it is necessary to rely on inspectors to get through the joints, unblock the blocking points and improve the quality. We should pay close attention to inspectors, supervise tasks, progress and effectiveness, and supervise them in practice; If we look at understanding, responsibility and style, we must look at the key points. With strong inspectors, we will ensure that the reform direction set by the CPC Central Committee does not deviate, and that the reform tasks defined by the CPC Central Committee do not fail, and constantly improve the level of precision and refinement of reform.

　　(9) "There is only one real theory in the world, that is, one that is extracted from objective reality and proved in objective reality". The concept of reform is a beacon light, which leads the reform forward; It is also a gas station, injecting vitality into the reform.

　　On the road to revival, we have been running hard against the rising sun for decades, and finally we have reached the stage of decisive battle. Looking ahead, we are less than five years away from the first century goal, and only one-third of the journey is left from the second century goal. Whether it is to remove the institutional obstacles that restrict development or to optimize the governance structure, governance mechanism, governance concept and governance efficiency in an all-round way, we need the courage of a strong man to break the wrist and the determination of phoenix nirvana, dare to open the knife to stubborn diseases accumulated for many years, dare to touch on deep-seated interests and contradictions, and carry out the reform to the end. Only in this way, it is more explosive to sprint the first century goal and more durable to achieve the second century goal.

　　After nearly a hundred years of humiliation, invasion, war and unspeakable events, Chinese is preparing to embrace its long-awaited dream. Now, we are closer to the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history, and we need the surging momentum brought by reform more than at any time in history.

　　[abstract] In March this year, Chaoyang District Civil Air Defense Office replied that the civil air defense project of Building No.7 was found at the scene for living, and no management personnel were on duty. According to the cleaning and renovation plan, the project will be cleaned in the near future.

　　"Many basements in our community have been rented out, doing everything, such as warehouses, cold storage, renting as a dormitory group, and cooking with a kitchen. It is too unsafe, and our owners are on tenterhooks every day." Recently, many owners of UHN International Village Community in Chaoyang District reported to this newspaper that the long-term management of the basement was chaotic, and the original civil air defense works, underground passages and underground parking spaces were cut off and rented by the property without authorization, which destroyed the basic layout of fire prevention. I hope the relevant departments will investigate and rectify as soon as possible.

　　Building a cold storage in the underground garage

　　Nearby supermarkets transport goods.

　　On November 28th, the reporter came to UHN International Village in Chaoyang District. According to reports, the community is located in Dongli, Xibahe, with 7 high-rise residential buildings and more than 1,800 households. The owners said that the underground space of the residential area is quite complicated, generally divided into three floors, and the underground space of each building has been rented out, ranging from renting the parking lot as a warehouse in a large area to cutting off the equipment room and renting it out for living. The owners showed the reporter a list, which listed more than 20 cases of underground space rental on different floors.

　　Under the leadership of the owner, the reporter first came to the third floor of Building 4. There is a cold storage in a corner of the garage, with both doors locked, covering an area of two or three hundred square meters. There are two outdoor units of cold storage next to it, surrounded by protective nets, and there is a distribution box on the wall next to it, which is marked with the words "Electrical control box of refrigeration unit". There is also a row of freezers on the wall next to the outdoor unit, with more than 20 units on the fourth floor. Just a few meters away from the cold storage, the owner’s private car is parked.

　　According to reports, the cold storage is rented by a nearby supermarket, and owners often see four or five electric cars coming here to deliver goods. When the reporter investigated, the outdoor unit of the cold storage did not operate. However, according to a residential owner, when he came here to check the day before, the machine was still roaring and the noise was so loud that he could not hear clearly when standing by.

　　There is a passage not far from the cold storage, but it is blocked by a wooden door with a security door installed inside. According to the owner, "this used to be a fire escape. I don’t know when it was closed, and no one knows what is going on inside."

　　The equipment rooms are partitioned and rented in groups.

　　The room is small, the floor is paved and cooking is done.

　　Then the reporter entered the basement of Building 1 in the community. I saw that the narrow passage was only more than one meter wide, with narrower passages extending on both sides and many rooms irregularly distributed. There are six doors and six electric meters on both sides of a passage only six or seven meters long. The height of the house is only two meters, which makes me feel very depressed. According to the owner, these maze-like patterns are all separated by the property. In order to make the best use of underground space, they divided as many rooms as possible.

　　In a corner of the passage, the reporter saw a locked room with a light on, and looked through the crack of the door, only to see that the floor was covered with bedding, and there was no room to leave. Above the house, there are all kinds of pipes and dozens of cables, which are messy.

　　While walking in the basement, the reporter suddenly heard the sound of cooking from a small door. The reporter pushed the door open a crack and saw that a lady was busy inside. About 3 square meters of space was filled with pots and pans, leaving only room for one person to turn around.

　　Then the reporter went to the basement of Building 7 in the community. On the wall of the passage, you can see centralized distribution boxes in many places, which should be the equipment floor. In some equipment rooms, the iron gates are open and there are articles for daily use. Obviously, some people live here. According to the owner, because of their reports, people occasionally come to the basement to check the rental situation. However, the property always explains that all the people living here are security guards, cleaning staff and their families.

　　According to a staff member who used to rent here, people from government departments rarely go to the equipment room for inspection, and the iron gate of the equipment room will be locked so that no one can enter, so it is very safe to rent the equipment room, and only people related to the property can live here. He also said that living here usually takes 600 yuan a month. At most, thousands of people lived in these basements.

　　The fire protection system lacks management and maintenance.

　　The deadline for rectification has not changed significantly.

　　What worries the owners is that, on the one hand, there is a fire hazard in a large number of underground spaces, on the other hand, the fire protection system in the community lacks management and maintenance.

　　At the end of 2016, a fire broke out in Unit 2 of Building 7 in the residential area, and firefighters arrived in time, but found that the fire extinguisher was missing and the fire hydrant was dripping. One owner recalled that firefighters shouted "pressurization" and "pressurization" at that time, asking the property to pressurize the fire hose, but the water pressure just couldn’t come up. At this time, the fire pipeline in Unit 3 of Building 1 burst, and the flood instantly reached the bedside, and all the residents below the 12th floor were flooded … Fortunately, the fire was quickly extinguished, but this lesson forced the owner to ask a professional organization to inspect the fire-fighting system, and found that the fire alarm system was faulty, the pipeline and electrical equipment were rusted and corroded, and the water supply system was stress-free. However, the problems of the fire protection system have not been obviously rectified so far.

　　The owner has repeatedly reported the problem of underground space rental to the relevant departments. In March this year, the Chaoyang District Civil Defense Office replied that the civil air defense project of Building No.7 was found at the scene for living, and no management personnel were on duty. According to the cleaning and renovation plan, the project will be cleaned up in the near future.

　　In May, the Sun Palace Regional Office replied that they jointly managed a building and a property, and inspected the basements of Building 6 and Building 4 within their jurisdiction, and found that there were people living in the basement, but they lived in property employees and cleaning staff, and there was no rental. The use of civil air defense projects has not affected the lives of residents. At that time, the regional social security comprehensive management office issued a rectification notice to it, demanding strict compliance with management regulations and not affecting residents’ lives.

　　In fact, the owners found that the cold storage was built in the basement in about 2016, but the inspection by the relevant departments this year did not find any problems. As a result, the owners continue to report to the relevant departments. As of press time, some owners have just received a phone call from Chaoyang District Civil Defence Bureau. The staff said: the basement cold storage has been notified to clean up within a time limit. Owners said: "I hope the relevant departments are serious this time, not only cleaning up the cold storage, but also thoroughly cleaning up all the illegal use of underground space!"

　　China Bridge — — The Road to a Dream of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge takes the "bridge of the soul" as the axis, which took seven years to interview. The picture shows the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.

　　Yesterday, the selection results of the 15th "Five One Projects" for spiritual civilization construction were announced, including 13 special prizes and 60 outstanding works.

　　The reporter learned that the book "China Bridge — — The road to a dream of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge won a special award; The documentary film "Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge" submitted by the Central Radio and Television General Station and the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department, the songs "Faith" and "Start Again" submitted by the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department, and the radio drama "Love the World" submitted by the Hainan Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department and the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department all won excellent works awards. In addition, the Propaganda Department of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee won the organizational work award.

　　Text/Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Huang An, Zeng Jun, Wu Bo, Wang Na Intern Huang Yijiang

　　Figure/Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Wu Bo Intern Huang Yijiang

　　Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge:

　　Pay more attention to the builders behind the bridge

　　"Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge" takes the sinking and installation process of the giant immersed tube E30, the last section of the bridge’s cross-harbour tunnel, as the narrative main line, and reviews the innovative spirit of self-reliance and "being the first in the world" of the builders of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge since the construction started in 2009. Shi Yanfeng, the chief producer of the film, said that the documentary film "Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge" tells the story of China and Guangdong well from the world’s perspective, which is an excellent example of "China story and international expression".

　　The total length of the film is 70 minutes, which lasted for 8 years. It is a brand-new film documentary based on the TV documentary "Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge", which is deeply processed and re-created from the original 4K shooting material.

　　In 2018, the documentary film "Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge" was first shown at the 16th China (Guangzhou) International Documentary Festival, and the scene was bursting with popularity, making it hard to get a ticket. In November 2018, the premiere ceremony was held in Hong Kong and Macao, and it was broadcasted in local cinemas, communities and schools, and the response was enthusiastic. In May this year, the film officially landed in the cinema. After the release, it was widely praised by the audience, and the online word-of-mouth score was as high as 9.1 points. Li Kai, the executive director, told reporters that at the beginning of filming, the team focused more on the magnificence of the bridge itself, but the more they filmed, the more they felt the shortcomings: "The deeper they filmed, the more they felt that in this ‘ Super engineering ’ What really touches people’s hearts is a group of bridge builders. What we want to convey more is the spirit of a struggler. Some bridge builders have devoted more than ten years to a bridge. How many years have they lived? This is a spirit of craftsmanship. "

　　Li Kai said that the film version is not only about the story of a bridge, but about the bridge history in China, which truly opens up time and space and is based on the story of immersed tube. Qiantang River Bridge, Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Shanghai Yangpu Bridge … … The historical materials of bridge construction that are not available in these TV versions are all introduced, and the "national history" is viewed from the "bridge history", which reflects the great changes of national life through the development of bridges.

　　China Bridge — — The Road to a Dream of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge: Keep up with the reality and polish the fine products

　　Zhang Yi, deputy editor-in-chief of Huacheng Publishing House, told the reporter, "China Bridge — — The Road to a Dream of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a good work closely following the reality. It is a Guangdong-themed work created by a Guangdong writer. "From the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee, the publishing house and even the author himself, I hope this work will eventually become ‘ Guangdong writers, Guangdong themes, Guangdong publishing ’ In the end, I also successfully achieved my wish. "

　　Zhang Yi told reporters that Zeng Pingbiao, the author of the book, began to conceive it in 2012. In the past seven years, the author has traveled around Beijing, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao to visit more than 130 people, from scheme planners to project managers to bridge builders, and his brushwork has delicately portrayed many characters.

　　The book takes the "bridge of the soul" as the axis, and has been carefully arranged from the title to the chapters. It closely revolves around the "dream realization", interweaves reality with history, and describes the longing for the bridge in Lingdingyang, Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao since ancient times, as well as the struggles of the people of the three places to achieve the Chinese dream.

　　Li Wei, the editor in charge of the book, also said that the post-polishing editing of the work is one of the most difficult works he has encountered for many years: the subject matter is difficult, the interview is difficult, the writing is difficult, and the review is difficult.

　　"Depart Once More": Debut at 2018 CCTV Spring Festival Gala and received wide acclaim.

　　The music TV "Faith" is composed by Wenguo Yang and Wenyi, composed by Meng Wenhao and sung by Ping An and Yu Yueyue. The work reflects the new era of the Chinese nation with firm faith and steady pace under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and shows the ambition of all walks of life in China to start again after reform and opening up under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee.

　　The music TV "Once Again" was written by Qu Yuan, composed by Wang Bei, and sung by Han Lei. It was performed in CCTV’s "Heart to Heart" performance in Qianhai, Shenzhen, and in CCTV Spring Festival Evening in 2018, which was well received by all walks of life and the general public.

　　From the perspective of Zhou Bingde, the niece of Premier Zhou, the radio drama "Love the World" vividly interprets the love story of Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao by showing their ordinary lives. The true feelings of husband and wife, war friendship, comrades’ love, life and death are vividly in front of us, and the revolutionary passion of loving the party, the country, the people and the family is rippling among them.

　　Award-winning works in Guangdong Province

　　Organizational work award:

　　Publicity Department of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee

　　Special Award:

　　China Bridge — — The Road to Dream of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (book)

　　Outstanding Works Award:

　　Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (documentary film)

　　Love the world (radio drama)

　　Faith (song)

　　Set out again (song)

China’s Military Strategy (May 2015)

People’s Republic of China (PRC) the State Council press office

Catalogue

Foreword

I. National security situation

Second, the military mission and strategic tasks

Third, the strategic policy of active defense

Fourth, the construction and development of military forces

V. Preparation for Military Struggle

VI. Military security cooperation

foreword

Today, the world is facing unprecedented changes, and contemporary China is at a critical stage of reform and development. In the struggle to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the people of China hope to work with other countries to safeguard peace, seek common development and share prosperity.

China is closely linked to the fate of the world. World prosperity and stability are opportunities for China, and the peaceful development of China is also an opportunity for the world. China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development, pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and a defensive national defense policy, oppose all forms of hegemonism and power politics, and never seek hegemony or expansion. China’s army has always been a staunch force for maintaining world peace.

Building and consolidating national defense and a strong army is the strategic task of China’s modernization and the security guarantee for the country’s peaceful development. Military strategy is the general strategy for planning and guiding the construction and application of military forces, which is subordinate to and serves the national strategic objectives. Standing at a new historical starting point, China’s armed forces adapt to the new changes in the national security environment, closely focus on realizing the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s goal of strengthening the armed forces under the new situation, implement the military strategic policy of active defense under the new situation, accelerate the modernization of national defense and the armed forces, resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests, and provide a strong guarantee for realizing the goal of "two hundred years" and the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

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