On the evening of December 27th, He Youjun took a sweet photo with Ming Xi, posting: Time for Alone! It seems to be "abandoning" the baby to enjoy the world of two people, which verifies the sentence: parents are true love, and the baby is an accident!

In the picture, Ming Xi is wearing light make-up, her face is ruddy, her lips are full, and she looks good. She pulls the neckline, while He Youjun squints and leans against Ming Xi’s head. They snuggle together, which is very sweet!

This should be the first time for two people to enjoy their own world after they got married. They got married too hastily. From He Youjun to Ming Xi to give birth, it seems that in an instant, after having a baby, their lives are more complicated. They are both parents for the first time, and there are many new things to learn. Naturally, they are busier than before, so there is no time for them to get along alone. Many couples have little time to date alone after having children, let alone love. Life is very monotonous, but He Youjun is still very emotional. It’s thoughtful of Ming Xi to give Ming Xi a surprise of dating alone just two months after giving birth to a baby.

Ming Xi can be said to be a great contributor to the family. He gave birth to a son, known as the "eldest son", which won glory for the family. He Youjun proudly said that his son’s name was He Guangshen, because the third word was taken by his father himself, and Ming Xi lived a life like a "lady" from then on, which is no ordinary tycoon.

Ming Xi just gave birth, which happened to coincide with He Youjun’s father’s birthday, and took her son to celebrate his grandfather’s birthday. Such a good opportunity has strengthened her position in any family.

Ming Xi’s relationship with her mother-in-law after marriage is also quite good. Netizens have met Ming Xi, He Youjun and He Youjun’s mothers for dinner many times. Ming Xi and her mother-in-law are talking and laughing, and their relationship is harmonious. Ming Xi is also a smart girl, as can be seen from her sitting position. In front of her mother-in-law, she can’t show her love at all. Taking care of her mother-in-law is the key point.

He Youjun obviously dotes on his son and obeys his wife Ming Xi in every way, so he can be called a "good husband". Ming Xi out of the month, go downstairs to buy things, He Youjun is never leaving. After buying things, He Youjun is carrying them, while Ming Xi is swaggering ahead, so the family status is clear at a glance.

Although He Youjun became a father, he still had a lot of work, and he was often recognized by netizens recently. At my sister’s senior party, He Youjun appeared, but she was faced with handsome guys and beautiful women and didn’t bring Ming Xi to attend.

It is reported that He Youjun is also the president of the Macau E-sports Association, and he also came to the scene to watch the game during the day, wearing a white T-shirt, which is refreshing and handsome. It’s just that there are boys around, and there is no shadow of Ming Xi. It seems that Ming Xi has not integrated into He Youjun’s life.

Seeing He Youjun wandering around, netizens are also worried about whether he is with his wife and children. This is true. Just when netizens questioned him, he quickly posted a photo of the two of them to break all kinds of rumors. It seems that He Youjun, who works during the day, obediently goes home to accompany his wife at night, and is more sensible than the netizens imagined.

On the whole, He Youjun is a qualified husband. On the one hand, it gave Ming Xi enough sense of security, declaring that "Xiao Ming is his favorite woman", on the other hand, it gave Ming Xi enough patience and consideration, and hoped that they could last a long time.

　　　　2007 seems destined to be the year of "Iran War". The prediction that the "Iran War" was about to break out many times in advance failed to come true, but until the end of the year, people were still asking: Will the United States launch the "Iran War" immediately? Even though the US intelligence department made it clear on December 3 that Iran had stopped its "nuclear weapons research program" four years ago, US President Bush still insisted that Iran was still dangerous and the possibility of launching a war against Iran could not be ruled out.

　　

　　　　　Profile picture: On November 2, 2006, in a military exercise held in the desert near Qom, a city in central Iran, the Iranian Revolutionary Guard was testing the Meteor -3 medium-range missile. The Iranian military successfully test-fired a number of medium-range "Meteor -3" missiles in the military exercises that began that day. The missile range can cover the whole of Israel and the US military bases in the Middle East. Xinhua news agency

　　　　After the US intelligence department released the report on Iran’s nuclear issue, some analysts believed that the report "seriously damaged the credibility of the Bush administration, which has been preaching the Iran threat theory", and the reason for the Bush administration to launch an Iran war will no longer exist in the foreseeable future.

　　　　However, President Bush seems to have decided that he wants to wage this established "Iran War". On December 4th, Bush claimed that Iran still wanted to learn how to enrich uranium, and if Iran found such knowledge which could be used for secretly developing nuclear weapons program, it would definitely pose a threat to the security of the whole world. Bush’s statement reveals many mysteries. The most direct point is that the cloud of "Iran War" still exists.

　　The reason of "Iran War" still exists.

　　　　When the US government launched the war, it needed to solve one or some political problems that were difficult to solve by other means. This is what American officials have repeatedly stressed: war is the last choice.

　　　　So, what problems do Americans need to solve in Iran? Although people are constantly talking about the Iranian nuclear issue, in fact, the Iranian nuclear issue is only a superficial issue of the relationship between the United States and Iran, and it is not a direct problem of confrontation between the United States and Iran, let alone a direct reason for the "Iran war." What Americans constantly emphasize is that Iran is trying to develop nuclear weapons, which threatens world security. Bush’s speech on the 4th also made it clear once again that the Bush administration is not concerned with the Iranian nuclear issue, but with the so-called Iranian threat.

　　　　On the Iraq issue, from the Gulf War in 1991 to the Iraq War in 2003, although there are different excuses and reasons, it is very clear to the US government that it is necessary to overthrow Saddam Hussein’s government in Iraq, which is "dangerous to American interests". In the 1991 Gulf War, the United States failed to overthrow Saddam Hussein by military means, but after more than 10 years of preparation, the United States finally solved this problem in 2003. Changing the color of the Iraqi regime is the real purpose of the US government.

　　　　In Iran, what the United States needs to solve is not whether Iran develops a nuclear program or not-the United States has always acquiesced, connived and even helped some countries develop nuclear weapons. The real concern of the United States for Iran is whether Iran, a country that runs counter to the United States ideologically, will pose a threat to American interests once it possesses nuclear weapons. Since the United States believes that Iran will pose a danger to the interests of the United States, then the US government must start to solve this problem. As with the Iraq issue, eliminating danger is fundamental for the United States on the Iran issue. With a basic understanding of the current Iranian regime, the United States can find various excuses to solve the Iranian issue.

　　　　According to the report of the US intelligence department, Iran terminated its nuclear weapons development program four years ago, and may not restart its nuclear weapons program so far. Even if Iran restarts its nuclear weapons program, it will not be possible to build the first atomic bomb until 2015. This report seems to have eliminated Bush’s excuse to wage war, but at the same time, it has confirmed from the opposite side that the current Iranian government has a nuclear weapons program, and Iran’s leaders tried to make nuclear weapons, but they stopped after negotiations with the European Union.

　　　　As Bush said, as long as Iranians have ideas and plans to develop nuclear weapons and they can restart this plan at any time, then Iran still poses a threat to the interests of the United States. This reason is much more convincing than the one that triggered the Gulf War when Saddam invaded Kuwait.

　　Are the conditions ripe for war?

　　　　In 2007, the world media repeatedly broke the news that the "Iran War" was about to break out, even a specific date was clearly stated, but in the end there was no movement in the White House and there was no explosion in Iran. In order to launch a war, the American government needs a well-known reason and a relatively suitable condition with the right time, place and people.

　　　　At present, a large number of American troops are still trapped in the quagmire of Iraq; The voice of anti-war in the United States is very strong; The United States is about to face the re-election of the government, and the Bush administration, whose two terms are about to expire, has to leave the White House. More importantly, have the American oil and arms groups already felt the need to wage a war? Is it appropriate to start a war now? After all, there are natural differences between today’s Iran and 2003′ s Iraq, and these are issues that cannot be ignored by the United States.

　　　　Iran is a unified country, while Iraq was a country that was actually divided for many years. After the Gulf War in 1991, the western allies led by the United States set up a so-called no-fly zone in the north and south of Iraq. As a result, the Kurds in the north of 36th latitude in Iraq achieved autonomy, and the Shia Arabs in the south of 32nd latitude also achieved semi-autonomy. Politically and militarily, Saddam actually controlled only a narrow area between 32 and 36 degrees north latitude before the Iraq war in 2003, including the vast desert area in the west. Iran, on the other hand, not only does not have the problem of territorial division, but also has been in a unified state for a long time. Most of the opponents and dissidents who support the West have fled abroad and cannot pose a direct threat to the Iranian regime.

　　　　Another more sensitive and realistic problem is that Iran is a country that implements the system of integration of politics and religion. Unlike Iraq, where Sunni Arabs, a minority population, are in a dominant position due to historical reasons, Shiite Arabs and Kurds have been engaged in the struggle against the Baghdad regime for a long time, and ethnic contradictions and sectarian contradictions are intertwined, greatly weakening their national strength. In terms of population, Persians and Azerbaijanis play a leading role in Iran, accounting for the absolute majority of the population; In terms of sects, Shiite Muslims account for more than 90% of the total population. This distribution of ethnic groups and sects has greatly reduced domestic contradictions, making Iran often shelve internal contradictions and be consistent with foreign countries when facing foreign invasion.

　　　　However, Iran’s political and religious integration system has given the Iranian regime strong religious support, and the influence of religious forces in the political field has made the "Iran War" in danger of turning into a "religious war".

　　Repeat the way of Iraq

　　　　Looking back on the course from the Gulf War in 1991 to the Iraq War in 2003, it is not difficult to see that with the continuous strengthening of political and economic sanctions by the United Nations and the United States, Iraq has moved from an oil-rich country to a weak country, and has become fragmented. Obviously, the United States has repeatedly threatened the military this year, and it has been constantly reported that the Pentagon has drawn up a plan for the "Iran War" and prepared for the war. The so-called "war means are not excluded", and this "wolf is coming" signal is nothing more than paving the way for the future "Iran War".

　　　　However, if the United States wants to launch the Iran war, it must also solve several important problems:

　　　　First, greatly weaken Iran’s national strength. Isolating and sanctioning Iran is a soft knife to weaken Iran’s comprehensive national strength. The unilateral sanctions imposed by the United States have hindered Iran’s development for more than 20 years. In recent years, the United States has pushed the United Nations to impose sanctions on Iran, which is bound to further greatly weaken Iran’s national strength, especially declaring the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps as a "terrorist organization", which will help the United States to further contain Iran.

　　　　Second, disrupt Iran’s domestic stability. Iran’s current regime is basically stable. Although there have been factional disputes in Iran’s political arena for a long time, the United States once hoped that a certain faction would disrupt the foundation of Iran’s political arena. However, in order to wage war and eventually overthrow Iran’s current regime, the United States still needs to further intensify internal contradictions in Iran, and even promote ethnic and sectarian contradictions that have existed in Iran’s domestic history, so as to make Iran fall into a fragmented situation.

　　　　Third, find the way to the lowest loss. Iran, after all, is holding the world’s energy throat, the Strait of Hormuz. If we control this oil channel before the outbreak of the Iran war, it is bound to be an issue that the United States needs to consider to ensure that the energy supply of the United States and even the world will not be greatly affected and that the world economy will not be plunged.

　　　　It can be predicted that the drama of "Iran War" unfinished in 2007 will continue in 2008. Although American intelligence has confirmed that Iran has stopped its nuclear weapons research and development program, the United States will continue to push the international community to impose stricter sanctions on Iran and will continue to create news such as "Iran War is about to break out". (Rong Song)

Editor: Li Xiuwei

Our army captured the enemy garrison headquarters.

　

On the afternoon of January 14, 1949, our army bravely attacked the enemy’s Ningyuan defense line.

　

On January 15, 1949, our officers and men marched on the streets of the city.

　

On January 15th, 1949, our army passed the present-day jiefang bridge.

　

Our army broke through the defensive line of enemy city.

　

　　Create a model for tackling tough battles

　　The liberation of Tianjin 60 years ago had an important historical role and influence in military and political aspects, and created the "Tianjin Way" which was called by Mao Zedong as one of the three ways to solve the remnant military groups of the Kuomintang at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which wrote a brilliant chapter in the history of the War of Liberation.

　　Create a model for tackling tough battles

　　1, formulate operational guidelines in line with the characteristics of the city.

　　On the eve of liberation, Tianjin is the largest industrial and commercial city in North China, with a population of more than 2 million, while the enemy defenders have 130,000 people. It has painstakingly built an outer defense line of the Yugoslav capital with a length of 82 Li, a diameter of 25 Li from north to south and a diameter of 10 Li from east to west.

　　In addition, the Kuomintang military and political authorities have also formulated urban operational plans and divisional defense arrangements. In this regard, Chen Changjie, the enemy Tianjin garrison commander, proudly thought: "This kind of troop deployment, like the tail of a scorpion, can bend back and sting people." For the "fire array" composed of 40,000 mines set up on the periphery of the Yugoslav capital, he confidently declared that "on the Tianjin 90-mile line, Fiona Fang is a big minefield every 30 miles, and if the communists don’t come, they will be able to play a big role and cause the enemy to die."

　　In order to lay a solid foundation for Tianjin in a relatively short time, according to the terrain characteristics of Tianjin and the defensive situation of the enemy, the PLA Front Command formulated the operational policy of "East-west advancing, stopping at the waist, first south and then north, first dividing and then panicking, first eating meat and then gnawing bones". Subsequently, the "Three Principles of Tactics for Attacking Tianjin" was put forward: in the battle, infantry, artillery, tanks and engineers must be "coordinated"; In terms of "thinking and deployment, there is a preparation for repelling the enemy and counter-charging"; In the tactics of warfare, the division tactics of "first dividing, then panic in, first eating meat, then gnawing bones" are used. Thus, the operational policy is more substantial and complete, and its power has been brilliantly exerted and embodied in the subsequent tough battle in Tianjin.

　　The liberation of Tianjin was the first time that the People’s Liberation Army used infantry, artillery, armored forces, engineers and other arms to participate in a large-scale battle. In order to strengthen the preparation for siege and the pertinence of battlefield training, Tianjin Frontline Command has drawn up the Order of Coordinated Action of All Arms in the Frontier Breakthrough Stage, which clearly defines the different tasks of infantry, artillery, armored forces and engineers in each stage of the campaign, and closely coordinates the action norms. According to the characteristics of the moat, the Tianjin-attacking troops also invented and made simple and portable crossing equipment such as reed bridge, movable leaf bridge and boat bridge. Ten major breakthroughs were selected, and the terrain conditions such as attack roads were defined.

　　2, surprise attack.

　　At the end of December 1948, after the Northeast Field Army was transferred from Tanggu to Tianjin, it followed the instructions of the Central Military Commission and completed the siege of Tianjin in three steps according to the development and changes of the situation, and made all the preparations before the war, which laid the foundation for Tianjin to win the tough battle quickly in a certain sense. At the same time, all the troops in Dongye devoted themselves to political mobilization, close-in operations, military drills and logistical support before the war. During this period, grass-roots companies have extensively carried out the activities of "three good companies" to strive for "good fighting, good policy discipline and good unity" in order to win both military and political victories; In order to achieve the maximum results, all units have adopted the operation of digging traffic trenches and other close-to-close fortifications, which is close to the front of the enemy line. At the same time, we launched a training craze and practiced tactical actions such as "one point and two sides" and "four groups and one team" in the cold; In order to ensure the logistics support of the campaign, the Dongye Logistics Department and the Party and government departments in the liberated areas such as Jizhong, Jidong, Beiyue, Hebei, Shandong and Henan, under the guidance of the principle of "everything is for the front line", actively organized the former army to transport all kinds of materials to the front line in Tianjin in time.

　　In order to carry out the operational policy of liberating Tianjin, the Northeast Field Army formed two major assault groups, East and West, and North and South assist groups with absolute superiority, and carried out feints in the north of the city. Among them, the 1st and 2nd columns (38th and 39th armies) attacked from west to east from the north and south of Xiyingmen; The 7 th and 8 th columns (44 th and 45 th armies) attacked from east to west from the front line of the National Gate and the Civil Rights Gate; The 34th Division of the 9th Column (46th Army) and the 12th Column (49th Army) assisted from south to north in Jianshan, Jinnan. The 8 th column alone has 4 divisions, and the 2 nd column alone has 7 divisions, etc., to carry out feints in the north of Minsheng Gate and Dinggu; The 17th Division of the 6th Column (43rd Army) is the General Reserve; The main force of the 12th column is located in the commissary city area, monitoring the defenders in Tanggu. According to the instruction of the Beijing-Tianjin Front Command that "the combat troops are in the non-main attack areas, so as to make my main attack direction surprise", Liu Yalou, the commander of Tianjin Front Command, ordered the troops located in the north of the city to take a feint posture, which caused the illusion that our main attack direction was in the north of the city, so as to skillfully transfer the 151st Division of the enemy 62nd Army to the north of the city for protection, thus reducing the pressure of our main attack direction.

　　Since then, Tianjin’s rich practice in tackling key problems has fully proved that because our army flexibly and decisively applied the operational policy of east-west confrontation, it not only concentrated its absolute superior forces in the two main attack directions, but also implemented the north-south assistance strategy. At the same time, according to the characteristics of street fighting in big cities, it divided its troops in time after the main force entered the deep battle, so that eating "meat" first and then eating "bones" eventually became eating "meat" and eating "bones" at the same time. At the same time, the main force attacked the enemy troops on the defensive in the north and south respectively. As Liu Yalou later said: "By strengthening the attack forces on both sides, we can quickly and reliably get through and cut off the enemy." This will not only "disrupt the enemy’s entire defense system, but also freely expand the troops to the two wings."

　　This is also the case in the course of combat: from 10: 00 a.m. on January 14th, 1949 to 3: 00 a.m. on the 15th, all our east and west opposing forces broke through the defensive lines and entered into deep fighting, and the southern auxiliary forces also quickly attacked the north. At dawn on the 15th, Jintang Bridge, Jingang Bridge, Shengli Bridge (now Bei ‘an Bridge) and Zhongzheng Bridge (now jiefang bridge) were captured, and at the same time, the main attack in the north and south also achieved great results: at 5 o’clock on the 15th, the attack on the enemy’s core defense area was launched, and at 7 o’clock, the enemy garrison headquarters was captured and the commander Chen Changjie was captured alive; At 1500 hours, Yaohua School, the last stronghold in the city on the defensive, was captured. Thus, in just 29 hours, 130,000 defenders were wiped out, which set a precedent for conquering the enemy’s heavily fortified cities in the shortest time and became a classic of the People’s Liberation Army’s urban warfare.

　　Have powerful deterrent power.

　　1. Tianjin liberation and Chiang Kai-shek’s "downfall"

　　At the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Mao Zedong put forward "Tianjin Way", "Peiping Way" and "Suiyuan Way" to solve the remaining Kuomintang troops in the future. Among them, the "Tianjin way" is a high generalization of the way of resolutely, thoroughly and cleanly annihilating all enemy troops who dare to fight hard by military means. As Mao Zedong emphasized at this plenary session: "Solving the enemy by fighting, such as solving the enemy in Tientsin, is still the first thing we must pay attention to and prepare for." On January 14th, 1949, the People’s Liberation Army launched an attack on the enemy troops on the defensive in Tianjin, which refused to accept peaceful conditions. On the same day, President the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Mao Zedong’s Statement on the Current Situation (hereinafter referred to as "Statement") was published, and eight peace conditions representing the wishes of the broad masses of the people were put forward. Mao Zedong’s choice of this day to publish the "Statement" has profound political significance, thus marking the formal implementation of the "Tianjin Way" summarized at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Party.

　　On April 17, 1949, on the eve of the Battle of Crossing the River, Zhou Enlai pointed out in his speech when he met some patriotic Democrats attending the meeting of the New Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference: "The eight conditions put forward by Comrade Mao Zedong in his statement on January 14 are the conditions for true peace. Chiang Kai-shek did not accept it. As soon as Tianjin was liberated, he had to step down. " This is the correct conclusion drawn by Zhou Enlai on behalf of the CPC Central Committee based on the objective judgment of the situation, thus raising the "Tianjin Way" to a strategic height that affects the development direction of the war and the change of the political situation.

　　On December 15th, 1948, Chiang Kai-shek personally issued a warrant to Chen Changjie, demanding that all the important machinery, equipment, gold and silver of the enterprise be shipped to the south within three days, and sent Li and Lan, the second chief of staff, to Tianjin, to instruct the defenders to "be sincere in their work, unite their will, and obey the unified action commanded by Commander Fu". More importantly, it is necessary to ensure that nearly 400,000 direct troops in the Pingjin area can withdraw south by sea when the situation is critical. On January 10th, 1949, Du Yuming Group was wiped out in Huaihai battlefield. On the 14th, the People’s Liberation Army launched a general attack on Tianjin. On the same day, Mao Zedong issued a statement on the current political situation, with a clear political purpose, that is, any Kuomintang military group that does not accept peace conditions can only be resolved by military means. This undoubtedly dealt a fatal blow to Chiang Kai-shek. On the 16th, the day after Tianjin’s liberation, he ordered the Tanggu garrison to "retreat by sea", and at the same time, he instructed the central bank and China bank in Nanjing and Shanghai to quickly transfer foreign exchange abroad, so as to "keep a chance for the country". At the same time, it was ordered to transport the silver dollar and gold stored in the national treasury to Taiwan Province, and even my family property, documents and three "Baikal" cars were transported to Taiwan Province in advance in February. On the day when the People’s Liberation Army captured Tianjin, the US Consulate General in Tianjin reached the following conclusion in its report to the State Council: "We witnessed the occupation of Tianjin by the communist party army, and almost all the equipment of these troops was the unused American weapons seized from the Manchurian Kuomintang army. The only consequence of the United States’ further assistance to such a government will only further enhance communist party’s strength.The (Kuomintang) government has proved to be so incompetent that most of our assistance has been transferred to communist party. Faced with the difficulties in domestic and foreign affairs, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the Executive Yuan to hold a government affairs meeting on the 19th, and held a five-hour "solemn discussion" on the eight peace conditions put forward by our party, and decided to "send representatives to Yan ‘an to negotiate peace with the Chinese Communist Party". At the same time, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs informed the envoys to move to Guangzhou. On January 21st, only 10 days before the peaceful liberation of Peiping, Chiang Kai-shek announced his retirement, announcing that Li Zongren was acting as president.

　　2. Shock and awe to the remnant military groups of the Kuomintang.

　　The liberation of Tianjin and the emergence of the "Tianjin way" had a considerable impact on the Kuomintang military clique, and thus produced the "Peiping way" and "Suiyuan way".

　　The conquest of Tianjin brought great shock to the spirit of more than 200,000 Kuomintang troops stationed in Peiping. In the Battle of Pingjin, Fu Zuoyi Group believed that it would take at least three months for the PLA to lay Tianjin. Therefore, after our army launched a general attack on Tianjin, Fu Zuoyi still ordered Chen Changjie to retake the breakthrough at all costs. However, the rapid liberation of Tianjin on 15th was unexpected by Fu Zuoyi and others, and broke their last hope. After the liberation of Tianjin, 800,000 troops arrived at the gates of Beiping. Under the strong military and political pressure, Fu Zuoyi Group finally reached the Agreement on Peaceful Settlement of the Peiping Problem with our army. Mao Zedong once profoundly pointed out the reason for the peaceful liberation of Peiping: "Tianjin was defeated, and within 29 hours, hundreds of thousands of people were disarmed. Chen Changjie, Lin Weichou, Du Jianshi and other gangsters were captured together, and Peiping was isolated and hopeless. Determined to take the second road, the possibility of a peaceful solution to the Peiping problem emerged."

　　The "Tianjin Way" dealt a heavy blow to the remnants of the Kuomintang military group. After the conquest of Tianjin, the 13th Army, 16th Army, 92nd Army, 94th Army and other Kuomintang central forces stationed in Peiping panicked. Chiang Kai-shek demanded for this: "The central armies will break through in different ways and make a plan for a narrow escape." While Li Wen, commander of the 4th Corps, Shi Jue, commander of the 9th Corps, and Yuan Pu, commander of the 16th Army, etc., wept bitterly and beat their chests, feeling that the tide was over. It also has a great deterrent effect on the remnants of the Kuomintang military groups such as Hu Zongnan, Bai Chongxi and Tang Enbo. The Yen Hsi-shan Group, which was trapped in Taiyuan, was also extremely frightened. Yen Hsi-shan was "restless day and night" and paid close attention to the development of the situation. In a telegram to Fu Zuoyi, he said, "Today, we have to do what is important and do our best with gravity."

　　Have a far-reaching political impact

　　1, create a combination of military and political.

　　Sun Tzu, a famous military scientist in ancient China, advocated "to defeat the enemy without fighting". On the eve of Tianjin’s liberation, in order to protect the lives and property of more than 2 million people and prevent the industry and commerce from being destroyed by war, the People’s Liberation Army issued a peaceful settlement initiative to the Kuomintang defenders. Since then, Liu Yalou has held two sincere talks with representatives of Tianjin Senate. For this reason, Mao Zedong promptly gave the instruction that "Tianjin can be dealt with separately as long as there are separate negotiations", and it was only on the premise that Chen Changjie and others refused to settle peacefully that they had to launch a general attack. Therefore, our army’s efforts to peacefully liberate Tianjin have touched Fu Zuoyi’s attempt to delay time by taking advantage of the Tianjin issue, which enabled our army to take the lead in politics, to show the way to peacefully solve the Tianjin issue in advance in a certain sense, and to point out two alternative paths for Peiping and other Kuomintang troops.

　　The "Tianjin Way" promoted the emergence of "Peiping Way" and "Suiyuan Way", and the double shock of its military means and political disintegration was the fundamental reason for the major changes in military and political trends in the late period of the Liberation War. After that, in the strategic pursuit stage, the strategic defense line of the Kuomintang army centered on controlling cities and traffic arteries was completely in a state of disintegration under the mutual influence of the military and political offensives of the People’s Liberation Army. The ultimate goal of "defeating the enemy’s soldiers instead of fighting, pulling out the city of people instead of attacking" was achieved without bloodshed. With the peaceful liberation of Changsha, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Xikang, Datong and Xinxiang, and the uprising, surrender and adaptation of 1.26 million Kuomintang troops, it became an unprecedented miracle in the history of Chinese and foreign wars.

　　Just as Zhou Enlai pointed out after the launching of the Battle of Crossing the Yangtze River: "When the People’s Liberation Army is waiting for orders on the front line of the Yangtze River, there are two kinds of tasks in form: one is Tianjin-style progress; One is Peiping-style progress … The peaceful settlement is generally accepted and adapted according to peaceful methods; The advance of the battle is to receive and adapt it by fighting. "

　　At the same time, the successful experience such as operational principles and tactical ideas created by Tianjin’s tough battle played an important role in the subsequent urban warfare of the People’s Liberation Army. For this reason, the Central Military Commission informed the whole army to learn from Tianjin’s hard-fought experience. In the subsequent battles in Taiyuan, Shanghai, Lanzhou, Guangzhou and other cities, the People’s Liberation Army absorbed and adopted Tianjin’s experience in fighting tough battles, gave full play to its close synergy and the overall power of firepower, blasting and assault, and flexibly implemented interspersed division. This tactic was successfully applied to the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, which wrote an important chapter in the history of the People’s Liberation Army.

　　2. Have a strong social response.

　　On the eve of Tianjin’s liberation, people from all walks of life in Tianjin launched a movement calling for peace through various means, and opposed the perverse behavior of the Kuomintang authorities who were determined to destroy the city regardless of the safety of people’s lives and property. Professors from institutions of higher learning such as Nankai University and Beiyang University jointly wrote a letter demanding the maintenance of cultural and economic undertakings and the withdrawal of troops stationed in schools, so as to avoid "the danger of being subjected to artillery fire". In the meantime, the situation that the Tianjin Senate sent representatives to negotiate with our army attracted wide attention from all walks of life. Tianjin Ta Kung Pao, Yishi Daily, Republic of China Daily and other newspapers reported the whole process on the front page. Foreign news organizations, such as Associated Press, Reuters and AFP, also reported the news that four representatives made written statements after returning to the city. At the same time, all walks of life understand and welcome the four conditions put forward by our army for the peaceful settlement of the Tianjin issue, and strongly demand that the Kuomintang authorities respond to the people’s liberation army’s appeal for peace and negotiate to solve the Tianjin issue as soon as possible.

　　In order to cooperate with the military and political offensive of the People’s Liberation Army, Tianjin workers, students, citizens, businessmen, intellectuals and people from all walks of life, under the call and influence of the underground organization of the Communist Party of China, have launched various struggles such as protecting factories, schools and destroying enemy military production. The vast number of ethnic industrialists and businessmen and university professors have waged a struggle against moving south; Many workers braved gunfire to protect machinery and equipment; Nankai university students opened a propaganda car on the day of liberation; Many citizens are not afraid of danger and take the initiative to lead the way and guide our army. The People’s Liberation Army’s exemplary behavior of observing city discipline in Tianjin has won the heartfelt support and love of Tianjin people. Thereby expanding the influence of our party in the Kuomintang-controlled areas.

　　The liberation of Tianjin had a strong response in the Kuomintang-controlled areas. The highest military and political authorities of the Kuomintang believe that "Tianjin calls for peace" after the Beiping peace talks began, adding "annoyance" to the already tense situation. On January 7, 1949, Chiang Kai-shek personally telephoned Li Zhuchen and other business leaders, stressing that the negotiation should be based on his New Year’s Proclamation and should not be easily compromised; On the 13th, the presidents of the councils of seven provinces and cities in North China jointly called Chiang Kai-shek and Fu Zuoyi, calling for an immediate truce. "All problems are solved by political means." During this period, Shanghai Ta Kung Pao and other news media in the Kuomintang-controlled areas also commented in succession, calling on the Kuomintang authorities to hold peace talks with the Chinese Communist Party as soon as possible. This fully reflects the people’s desire for peace in the Kuomintang-controlled areas.

Editor: Wang Teng

Which movie ended the "Want to See" index of "Twinkle, Twinkle, Twinkle, Bright Stars" which won many days on major platforms?

It turned out to be the concert video Taylor Swift, a singer nicknamed "moldy" by China fans, "Taylor Swift’s Time Tour Concert". In the minds of some fans, it is not even a movie.

On December 15, the film released a trailer and was scheduled for December 31. As soon as the news came out, people’s popularity soared on the major ticketing platforms, far ahead: according to the data from Lighthouse Professional Edition, as of 19: 25 last night, the number of "wanting to see" surged by nearly 70,000 in one day, followed by "Twinkle, Twinkle, Bright Stars" and "If You Are the One 3" released one day earlier, with less than 3,000 new data yesterday. In Douban’s weekly word-of-mouth list updated yesterday, the film jumped 10 places to occupy the top spot.

After the publication of the "Battle Report" of Lighthouse Professional Edition, the data is still rising.

The high popularity of this new film, however, has a completely different impression in the industry and the audience. Some people think that "concert movies" expand the boundaries of movies and the service scope of cinemas, and it is normal to expect new elements such as musicals and sports competitions to enter this field in the future; Others think that such a "movie" can neither highlight the atmosphere of the concert nor the narrative of the movie. "Will anyone pay the bill besides fans?"

Concert replacement?

On Douban, the introduction of the film is: "The film records the charming stage of Taylor Swift’s world tour in 2023, including many classic tracks in Taylor’s music career, and at the same time restores the grand scene of the tour, creating an audio-visual feast of’ Thai burning, Thai value and Thai stick’ from a film perspective."

However, before the file was finalized, a platform introduced the film more bluntly: "In order to satisfy the fans who can’t get tickets, the full video of Taylor Swift Times Tour Concert will land in the cinema."

In the eyes of some fans, the former is nothing more than adding some flowery rhetoric of public relations articles. In essence, as the latter said, the content of the film is a concert video that may have undergone lens switching, picture editing and sound collection.

Taylor Swift performed at the award ceremony (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

"At present, the concerts of the most popular singers in China can only sit on the’ top of the mountain’ for thousands of dollars, and the line of sight may be blocked by speakers, columns or front-row audiences, and they can only see the idol style through the big screen." In Taylor Swift’s "Iron Powder" Ms. Fei’s view, "Isn’t it worthwhile to spend a movie ticket to see a top concert with the best location and the most exquisite composition?"

Qin Xiao, a citizen who has chased many concerts this year, bluntly said that live performances such as concerts are "the art of regret". "I only bought tickets for the top floor of a concert. People on the stage couldn’t see the appearance at all, but they could fully appreciate the beauty of lighting and dancing from a nearly overlooking perspective. The transformation of the choreography formation on the spot was amazing. These are invisible when sitting in the infield. " In his view, the concert recorded by film can achieve the best of both worlds and lead the audience to explore the backstage. "Isn’t this a good innovation?"

However, for some fans and fans, such innovation touches the foundation of the two performance methods. "To enjoy beautiful pictures and perfect singing, just go home and play HD MV. Why go to the scene?" Mr. Wei, a citizen who likes to chase concerts and various live performances, believes that the charm of live performances lies in the "live". "The live performances of singers and actors are often imperfect, but such imperfections can touch people’s hearts." When Mr. Wei was at school, he watched Faye Wong’s concert in Hongkou Stadium. It rained heavily all the time that day. "While the light rail rumbled, Faye Wong slipped in the heavy rain. I have a vivid memory of the past 20 years, and I won’t have such a strong emotional resonance without being in it. "

"Whether it is a documentary or a feature film, any type of film has a narrative basis." Hu Xiao, a veteran movie fan, introduced that from the award-winning movie Bohemian Rhapsody to the classic movie Bodyguard, the concert scenes were talked about by fans, but the core was the story, "Without narrative support, can a pure concert support the big screen?" Some people in charge of the cinema admit that even if the sound effect is no problem, it is difficult for the cinema to restore the beautiful effect of the concert at present. "The stage lighting is three-dimensional, and it is flat on the big screen."

Special offer for fans?

As one of the most influential singers in Europe and America, Taylor Swift, born in December 1989, has hundreds of millions of fans on overseas social media. Her popularity in China can’t be underestimated. In 2020, her album Folklore sold 200,000 copies on QQ music on the first day of its release.

Ms. Fei said that most of her fans are young people who "grew up with her and were encouraged by her infection". The audience analysis of this film from the professional edition of Lighthouse shows that the audience under 30 years old occupies an absolute majority: the most of them are 20-24 years old, accounting for 43.7%; Followed by teenagers, accounting for about 23.7%, while the audience aged 25-29 accounted for 21.5%. The audience who "want to see" is highly coincident with the age of fans.

"This kind of viewing atmosphere may be unprecedented." The film was released in North America in October this year. Liu Jieyu, who is studying in the United States, and her friends went to watch it. "Everyone is clapping along, which is more like watching a concert than watching a movie." Douban has an IP address on the Internet, and netizens in Canada also commented that "everyone is singing along with each song, and everyone applauds after each song" and "rounding is equal to watching the tour scene". Ms. Fei said that she would buy tickets to invite relatives and friends to see them. "After all, movie tickets are much more affordable than concert tickets. I hope more people can feel this charm."

This film got a high score of 9.4 on Douban, and this year’s ordinary film and television drama reached this level with Long Season. However, in Hu Xiao’s view, although the douban scores are the same, the quality may not be the same. "There are only more than 5,000 people scoring this movie, and most of them are fans. "The Long Season" has 880,000 ratings, and the actors are not taking the’ flow’ route, which will be closer to the feelings of ordinary audiences. " In the eyes of some viewers, if fans are too strong, they are often exclusive, and some ordinary viewers may "instinctively refuse."

The release is just around the corner, and Shanghai cinema managers have different views on it. "How many fans does Taylor Swift have?" Ms. Wang, the person in charge of a cinema, said that she still held a wait-and-see attitude towards the domestic box office of the film. "Some cinemas opened the pre-sale in advance, and then judged it after seeing how it sold."

In 2011, "Mayday" promoted the 3D concert movie "Chasing Dreams 3DNA" (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

Ms. Wang’s worry is not unreasonable. Recently, Mayday, a Taiwan Province regional orchestra that caused lip-synching controversy, has shown many films in mainland China, which can be traced back to 2011′ s "Chasing Dreams 3DNA", which is based on Mayday concert and interspersed with three short stories. However, the box office results of these films are not particularly eye-catching. The best performance is "Mayday Life Unlimited Company" in 2019, which won a box office of 50.208 million yuan.

"Whether Taylor Swift’s popularity in China is higher than that in May is a question mark." Ms. Wang bluntly said that concert movies are special for fans. "People who like them may watch them 10 times, and the box office depends on the singer’s popularity. If Jay Chou’s concert movies are shown in China, the box office should be good. "

"There are many moldy fans, and the box office should not be bad." Zhang Dong, the head of another cinema, knows Taylor Swift better than Ms. Wang. In his view, presenting a concert directly in the form of a movie in a domestic cinema has a certain freshness for the audience. Zhang Dong is preparing for the "Snowfield" of "Twinkle, Twinkle, Twinkle, Stars" recently. In his view, today’s young people will buy tickets for a "snow" and will try to watch a concert in the cinema.

There will be operas and movies?

Taylor Swift: Time Tour Concert was released in North America in October this year, and the box office was in full swing. The data shows that the film earned $45 million on the first day of its release in North America, breaking the box office record of "The Clown" in North America for four consecutive years. At present, the global box office of the film has reached $249 million.

Taylor Swift is not the first singer to put a concert on the big screen. Madonna, Justin Bieber and other singers have also put concerts on the big screen before. Beyonce: The Renaissance, by another singer, was also released on December 1st. At present, the box office is about 36.12 million dollars.

In October, 2009, Michael Jackson, a generation of pop king who died in June of that year, was introduced to China, earning 48.3 million yuan. The film temporarily ranked first in the global box office of concert films with a box office of 261 million dollars, but this record is likely to be broken by Taylor Swift.

In addition to Mayday, the earliest time that domestic singers put concerts on the screen can be traced back to Leslie Cheung’s Passion Concert in 2000. In addition, Cui Jian has released Beyond that Day, Wang Leehom has Firepower Full, and even the pianist Lang Lang has a Passion Sonata. However, compared with Taylor Swift’s box office myth, the box office of these films is generally not high.

According to industry sources, Taylor Swift didn’t talk about cooperation with the traditional film production company. Her company directly cooperated with AMC, Regal and Cinemark, the three major cinemas in North America. Well-known director Christopher Nolan once commented on this matter, "Taylor Swift is about to show his strength to the film company".

What enlightenment does an atypical film bring to domestic practitioners because of its high global box office?

Although Ms. Wang is not optimistic about the box office of this film, she agrees with this arrangement and attempt. "The film schedule is very good on December 31, which will attract some viewers who want to spend the New Year in the cinema."

Liu Jieyu introduced that the movie’s viewing experience is completely different from that of traditional movies. "You don’t have to sit in your seat according to the rules, and you don’t have to keep quiet. You can bring light sticks, wear surrounding clothes and AIDS and get together at the same time." In Zhang Dong’s view, more concert films will enter the market in the future. "In recent years, stage plays and concerts have made breakthroughs, and they have moved their performance venues from the Grand Theatre to the cinema. Concert movies are expected to have investment returns, and investment value will attract more capital into this field. "

In the face of market changes, cinemas that used to show movies and sell popcorn are also seeking innovation and change. On November 19th, the League of Legends Global Finals was held. Many Wanda Studios in Shanghai held synchronized cinema watching activities. Tickets and movie tickets were almost the same price. In addition to feeling the atmosphere of e-sports events on the big screen and cheering for the China team, you can also receive customized support packages for the silver crown watching games. According to the system ticket sales, except for one suburban cinema, all the other cinemas sold out early, and some cinemas added several extra performances.

Fans dressed in role costumes and holding hands to help "Slam Dunk Master" at the special screening event of Shanghai Studios.

During the release of this year’s animated film "Slam Dunk", many fans dressed themselves as characters, and many cinemas also launched "support fields" for a single character. Fans turned into fans in the cinema to cheer for the movie characters. In recent years, SHO, Shanghai Studios, has launched "special field" movies for seeing you, hugging you through the cold winter and slam dunk, aiming at the special needs of the audience.

China Film Co., Ltd. Beijing Film Distribution Branch Deputy Manager Ma Wei said that in addition to screening new films, it may try to introduce more content such as drama, musical, concert and opera stage documentary into the screening venue in the future. With the blessing of high-definition technology, stage works may be presented in a more all-round way without dead ends, which also brings a different appreciation experience from the theater.

With the "Taylor Swift Times Tour Concert" finalized, a person in charge of the cinema revealed to reporters that he had received calls from moldy fans last night, "The cinema in the future will be more yuan and more interesting."

Editor-in-Chief: Shi Chenlu

Author: Jane Gong Bo Zhong Han

Source: Xinhua News Agency (data picture)

The reporter learned from the State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Company that at 18: 50 on December 19, the power supply of 56 transmission lines in Yuanqu Power Grid and the power supply of emergency power vehicles were all switched, and the production and living electricity consumption of residents in Yuanqu County was all restored.

The 133 emergency power vehicles mobilized by the State Grid from Hebei, Sichuan, Anhui and other places will all return on the morning of the 20th.

Live broadcast on November 2 nd In the podcast, Milan star Ambrosini talked about the demands of former President Silvio Berlusconi on Milan.

Ambrosini said: "Berlusconi likes beautiful things. He hopes to win the game by playing wonderful games, and he has always been obsessed with it."

"I still remember one time during the halftime of the game, Berlusconi walked into the dressing room and told us in front of everyone that he wanted to see the team get more possession of the ball. This moment is called’ Marisa’, which means to control the ball. We players look at each other, but this is Berlusconi’s personality. "

(real steel fist)

People’s Daily Online, Beijing, November 1 (Reporter Yang Lei) On October 31, the 2023 FISU Football World Cup ended in Jinjiang, Fujian. Beijing Normal University beat paulista University of Brazil in the women’s final and won the championship, while paulista University men’s soccer team won the men’s championship.

On the afternoon of October 31st, the battle for the women’s championship of the 2023 FIFA World Cup in Jinjiang was held at the training ground of Jinjiang Football Center. The team of Beijing Normal University, which represented China, played against the team of paulista University in Brazil, and the two sides fought for 120 minutes and drew 2:2. In the final penalty shootout, Beijing Normal University won the championship with a total score of 7:6.

"Today, we made full preparations for playing for 120 minutes and presented a very wonderful game to everyone. It is our honor to stand on the highest podium again after 12 years. " Bi Yan, former China international and head coach of Beijing Normal University, said after the game.

At the 2011 Shenzhen Universiade, Bi Yan helped the Beijing Normal University women’s football team win the championship by beating the Japanese team 2-1. Twelve years later, as the head coach, she led the team to the highest podium in the world college football again.

In the men’s final, paulista University of Brazil beat the Ukrainian National University of Economics and Business men’s soccer team 7-6 in a penalty shootout and won the championship. Hohai University’s men’s soccer team, representing China, created the best result of China University’s men’s soccer team in the FIBA World Cup, and finally won the eighth place.

Positive effects appear and demand continues to be released-

Production and marketing growth of automobile industry exceeded expectations

According to the data of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in the first 10 months, China’s automobile production and sales reached 24.016 million and 23.967 million respectively, up by 8% and 9.1% respectively, and the automobile production and sales maintained steady growth. Experts believe that with the continuous emergence of the national steady growth policy effect, coupled with local car subsidies, promotional activities and other measures and the "tail-jumping" effect at the end of the year, the market demand of the automobile industry will continue to grow in the fourth quarter, which is expected to better achieve the annual target.

Create a new high in the same period in history.

Auto shows and promotions in many places in China are being carried out in the near future, new models are continuously released, and the number of passengers entering the store has increased significantly, further stimulating automobile consumption.

According to the data of China Automobile Association, the production and sales of automobiles reached 2.891 million and 2.853 million respectively in October, up by 11.2% and 13.8% respectively year-on-year. After September, the production and sales volume once again hit a new high in the same period of the month.

Chen Shihua, Deputy Secretary-General of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said that the automobile market is "golden September, silver and ten", and the automobile sales volume in October was basically the same as that in September, slightly lower than that in the previous month, achieving rapid growth year-on-year. In the first 10 months, the growth rate of automobile production and sales in China increased by 0.7 and 0.9 percentage points compared with the previous September.

This year, China’s automobile market has shown a gradual improvement trend. Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of the Passenger Car Market Information Association, said that in the first two months, the automobile market was greatly affected by the Spring Festival and the withdrawal of subsidies. From March to May, it was driven by last year’s low base, and it surged year-on-year. From June to October, exports and domestic demand were strong, which promoted high growth. The recovery of commercial vehicles in China automobile market is strong, and the passenger car market continues to improve.

At present, manufacturers and dealers have entered the year-round target sprint stage, and the competition in the auto market has become increasingly fierce. Especially in the fourth quarter, some manufacturers have launched some impulse measures to gradually increase terminal promotion. With the increase of policy guidelines for the automobile industry at the national level, the automobile market is expected to achieve the annual target better.

Chen Shihua pointed out that the monthly law of automobile production and sales has a "tail-jumping" effect at the end of the year, and the base in the last two months of last year was low. From the recent research, this year’s "tail-jumping" will appear again. In the first ten months of this year, automobile sales increased by 9.1% year-on-year. In addition, automobile companies still have to be impulsive in the fourth quarter. It is estimated that the annual growth rate of production and sales will exceed the expectation of 3% at the beginning of the year.

Xu Haidong, deputy chief engineer of China Automobile Association, predicted that from the performance of the automobile market in the previous October, domestic automobile sales this year are expected to exceed 30 million, a record high.

The monthly production and sales of new energy is nearly one million vehicles.

Compared with the automobile market as a whole, the performance of new energy vehicles is more eye-catching.

In October, the production and sales of new energy vehicles were 989,000 and 956,000 respectively, up by 29.2% and 33.5% respectively, with a market share of 33.5%. In the first 10 months, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China reached 7.352 million and 7.28 million respectively, up by 33.9% and 37.8% respectively, with a market share of 30.4%. The export of new energy vehicles was 995,000, a year-on-year increase of 99.1%.

"In October, the production and sales of new energy vehicles hit a record high, reaching a scale of nearly one million vehicles in a single month, and the market share exceeded 30% for six consecutive months." Chen Shihua said that the cumulative sales volume of new energy vehicles in China during the year has exceeded that of last year, and the market share has also exceeded 30% from 29.8% in September.

From the sales point of view, in the first 10 months, the sales volume of the top ten enterprise groups of new energy vehicles totaled 6.321 million, up 49.6% year-on-year, accounting for 86.8% of the total sales volume of new energy vehicles. Chen Shihua said that in the past few years, the market share of the top ten new energy vehicles was only 50% to 60%, and now it can be compared with fuel vehicles, which proves that the market concentration is constantly improving.

New energy vehicles have gradually become the main force in the auto market. The recently released 2023 Research Report on China Automobile Preservation Rate shows that the sales of new energy vehicles have increased substantially this year, and the market penetration rate has remained high, which has contributed more to the growth of domestic new car sales than fuel vehicles.

Rural market is the future increment of China automobile market. A few days ago, Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao said that it will continue to promote new energy vehicles to the countryside, and the whole chain will promote automobile consumption. According to industry insiders, with the further enrichment of vehicle supply, the improvement of intelligent+fast charging+long battery life experience and the reduction of cost, new energy vehicles will sink to a more competitive price range, which is expected to usher in a second increase in penetration.

Independent brands performed well.

In October, the independent brands of automobiles performed well and their market share further increased. Data show that in October, the sales volume of China brand passenger cars was 1.485 million, up by 25.1% year-on-year, and the market share reached 59.7%, up by 6.6 percentage points.

Chen Shihua said that last year, the market share of China brand passenger cars was 49.5%. Since the beginning of this year, this figure has remained above 50% and steadily increased, even approaching 60% in October.

In the field of new energy vehicles, the advantages of independent brands are more obvious. Except Tesla, the top ten manufacturers in the field of new energy sales are all independent brands. Cui Dongshu said that independent brands have achieved significant growth in the new energy market and export market, and the transformation and upgrading of traditional car companies have performed well, and the brand share of traditional car companies such as BYD, Chery, Changan and Geely has increased significantly.

With the increasing concentration of the domestic market, the domestic market tends to be relatively saturated, enterprises will look more overseas, and automobile exports will grow rapidly year-on-year.

The data shows that in October, China exported 488,000 cars, up 9.8% from the previous month and 44.2% from the same period last year. In the first 10 months, automobile exports reached 3.922 million, up 59.7% year-on-year. Among them, the export of traditional fuel vehicles was 2.927 million, a year-on-year increase of 49.6%; The export of new energy vehicles was 995,000, a year-on-year increase of 99.1%.

Chen Shihua pointed out that this year, domestic listed companies have taken the development of the international market as an important business strategy, not only by direct trade, but also by domestic car companies, including supply chain companies.

The research report released by Everbright Securities shows that the competition in the domestic automobile market is intensifying, and the market expansion demand of independent brands drives the domestic automobile exports to maintain a strong growth trend. Building factories and mergers and acquisitions are effective solutions to expand the scale of overseas production and marketing; Among them, the most localized development or the key factor of overseas layout. (Liu Wei)

Source: Economic Daily

Message from the article:

Hey, friends, today I want to share with you a magnificent historical story, a legend that happened at the end of the Qing Dynasty. This is a story about railways, financial difficulties, business decisions and the fate of the country. Perhaps in this story, you can feel the vicissitudes of time, people’s exploration of the future, and the unique social features of that era. Without further ado, let’s travel through time and listen to that stirring history.

Event content:

The story happened in 1911, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, when I was in Xuantong for three years, on the tenth day of the fourth lunar month.

In the face of financial difficulties, the Qing Dynasty carried out an initiative called "Railway State-owned Policy". The core content of this policy is to recover the right to build trunk railways, only allow private companies to build branch railways, and cancel the approved trunk railway construction plan, and make corresponding compensation and redemption.

Behind the implementation of this policy is the urgent need of the Qing government’s own financial pressure. The construction of the railway required huge capital investment, and the Qing government was faced with the problem of foreign debt and had to pay huge compensation. Under such circumstances, the government tried to introduce financial support from foreign banks through the mode of "official supervision and commercial operation", but it encountered unfavorable loan conditions, which made the financial difficulties more and more severe.

However, people’s doubts about the future of the railway have also become the problem. In 1903, the Qing government promulgated the Concise Regulations of Railways, trying to introduce private capital and set up private railway companies. However, these companies are facing enormous challenges, including high construction costs, financing difficulties and slow profit returns.

Take the Beijing-Zhangjia Railway and the Beijing-Hanzhou Railway as examples, their construction cost a huge amount of money, which brought heavy financial pressure to the Qing government. The government tried to solve the financial problem by borrowing from foreign banks, but it encountered unfavorable conditions, which made the financial difficulties more and more serious.

At the same time, despite the promulgation of "Concise Regulations on Railways" to try to introduce private capital, this attempt has not achieved remarkable results due to the uncertainty of the people about the railway prospects.

In the face of difficulties, private railway companies have also fallen into a series of problems. For example, the scale of investment in sunning railway is huge and it is difficult to raise funds. The profit return of railway construction is relatively slow, and some railways even lose money because of insufficient passenger and cargo. At the same time, some companies only consider making money in line planning, ignoring political and strategic factors, which leads to some unscientific planning, such as the loss of Zhangxia Railway.

In Sichuan, the "road protection movement" has become another difficult problem. Because Sichuan is closed and conservative, and its understanding of railways is vague, Chuanhan Railway Company is facing various problems and "stock leasing" arrangements in this area. This series of difficulties makes private railway companies fall into a difficult situation.

The plight of Sichuan-Han Railway Company became more and more serious, and it was finally forced to reform, transform into a business-run model and introduce private capital. The company’s share capital increased to 22 million, however, this did not solve the problem. The imperial court implemented the policy of "state-owned railway" and determined that the share capital of Chuanhan Railway Company could only be calculated according to 8 million taels.

This decision caused dissatisfaction and controversy among major shareholders.

The major shareholders tried to put the blame on the court through public opinion operation, and played up patriotism. The "Railway Protection Movement" and Wuchang Uprising broke out in Sichuan, which became the climax of the whole incident. In the end, the Qing Dynasty perished. However, the policy of "state-owned railways" did not end, but developed into an opportunity for China’s powerful railway network.

The whole summary:

Through this historical story, we have witnessed the rise and fall of an era. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, faced with financial difficulties, the government tried various ways to solve the problem of railway construction funds, including the mode of "official supervision and commercial operation" and the introduction of private capital.

However, these attempts are faced with great difficulties, which leads to the delay of railway construction.

Private railway companies have been established, but they are faced with a series of challenges, such as insufficient funds, difficult profit return and route planning problems. The reform of Chuanhan Railway Company failed to reverse the predicament, which eventually led to the demise of the Qing Dynasty. However, the policy of "state-owned railway" continued to develop after its demise, which became an opportunity for railway construction in China.

The whole incident reflected the complicated social contradictions and the intertwined political and economic relations at that time. Financial difficulties, the introduction of private capital and the challenge of railway construction all affect the fate of the whole country.

"The degree of protection for women and children is a true reflection of the degree of social civilization. The protection of vulnerable groups is our bottom line protection. "

Just past Women’s Day, people lamented that the social atmosphere seems to have really changed. There is less marketing to write money on the face, more discussion on the current situation of gender issues, and an appeal to face up to women’s needs. But is that enough?

We collected labels and events in various hot search lists in the past. Employment discrimination, marriage and childbearing, women’s safety, cyber violence, domestic violence cases, gender culture, sex education and the sale of women and children, with these eight topics and public events, interviewed Chen Bi.

Chen Bi has been involved in public writing for a long time, writing articles in various media columns to popularize the law. The topics she talked about covered almost all the above aspects.

Her editor called her "Huang Yaoshi of the Legal Group"-she seldom explained complicated jurisprudence and hardly showed off technical terms, but was good at using a line, covering cases from ancient times to modern times.

The following are related topics in eight fields, and our dialogue with Chen Bi.

I hope these specific weapons can help you protect your freedom in all aspects of life. I hope this weapon will be seen by more women and learn to use it.

Discrimination in employment

new weekly : A hot search like # Female Sex Discrimination in Job Hunting: HR Questioning Marriage Situation # seems to appear once every three to five times. Do you feel that the laws and regulations protecting the rights and interests of female workers have not been fully implemented by enterprises? Some people even say that "sensory impairment is greater than help." What should individuals do if they encounter gender discrimination in interviews and employment?

Chen Bi ：When you join the company, you are asked whether you are married, how many children you have, and whether you plan to have two children. This is to protect its free economy. The law gives you these freedoms, and the enterprise must provide these marriage leave and maternity leave, and it will evaluate them.

Looking at actual cases, we can say some ways to avoid hidden discrimination. We may not be able to refuse to answer questions like academic qualifications and professional qualifications when we take office. However, the problem of marriage and childbearing is ok, because it does not involve the professional requirements of employment. The potential risk is that if you say "I don’t answer", you may be rejected inexplicably.

In many judicial cases, the law has been given to women.The right to "talk nonsense"You can say I’m not married, I’m not going to have two children,You can choose the answer that is favorable to you. Even if it doesn’t conform to your real thoughts, (The law supports you. This is not a violation of your obligation, because he has no right to know this information.

What should we do if the company requires in the agreement that we can’t have children within a few years of joining the company? In fact, female workers can sign,You don’t have to implement it after signing it, because it is an invalid clause.In the future, it will not bind you, but will protect you. Just defend the rights of workers.

The Labor Contract Law also clearly states that if an employer excludes his legal obligations or restricts the legal rights of the other party, these clauses are invalid.

Implicit discrimination in the workplace is difficult to eliminate in three to five years, and we can’t wait until we are completely equal before looking for a job. Therefore, I hope that young women will know how to use the law to protect themselves when looking for a job. I can refuse to answer, saying that the answer that is beneficial to me is also a choice. It is difficult to change the status quo immediately, but it is possible to make the status quo beneficial to us.

new weekly Protecting the weak and protecting capital(market freedom) seems to be a long-standing contradiction. How should it be changed? What tools can help eliminate discrimination?

Chen Bi ：This topic is quite valuable. It was discussed 10 years ago.

Personally, I think that capital freedom, market freedom, free economy and the protection of workers and the weak are actually interlinked at the bottom. Capital and market should be free, and the underlying logic should be based on respect for people. Only by stimulating people’s subjectivity can there be a free economy. This is also the basic idea of Hayek.

When we talk about protecting female workers, we are also protecting people and respecting their freedom and rights.

Why is there such a thing now?Separation and opposition? In fact, both sides are misunderstood.Free economy is hurt, not because of over-protection of workers, but because the law does not fully protect the subject of rights..

For enterprises, their property rights are not fully protected. Workers also feel as if they have been exploited, indicating that their basic rights are not fully protected.The bottom line should be found between the two, and it is far from this stage..

Enterprises and workers should work together to find a legal framework, so that our rights can be basically protected, and then see how to coordinate.

About marriage and childbirth

new weekly ：In 2019, there was a discussion. Women in Quanzhou were fined more than 90,000 social support fees for giving birth out of wedlock. Now that marriage and childbirth are untied, has their situation changed?

Chen Bi ：In the past, it was illegal to give birth beyond the planned target. At that time, it was generally believed that unplanned children would consume social resources (such as education, etc.).Therefore, the administrative organ should levy a social support fee.. After Zhang Yimou’s super-life, he paid a huge social support fee.

After the policy of encouraging three children came out, if it has been decided to collect social support and has been implemented, it will be maintained; A decision on expropriation has been made, but if it has not been implemented, it will not be implemented; If no measures have been taken, they will not be collected and will not be treated.

new weekly ：What other areas need to be supplemented and improved in the laws and regulations on unmarried childbearing?

Chen Bi ：In some places, there may be cases where the collection has been decided but has not been implemented, or during the enforcement period, the parties concerned are listed as untrustworthy. Because the efficiency varies from place to place, we may not have time to sort out all this part.

In fact, in the past two years, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate has also been inspecting and supervising all localities to sort out such unfinished cases.Remove people from the untrustworthy list as soon as possible.. Some cases don’t need to be executed, and the parties don’t have to appeal anymore.

new weekly ：At what level is it a good thing to legalize unmarried births?

Chen Bi ：There is no pre-relationship between birth and marriage registration. In the past, you had to register your marriage first, and then you had to register your birth, so that you could get an account and enjoy preferential policies such as maternity insurance and tax reduction.

Now that there are no preconditions for childbirth, there may be more family forms.Women have more autonomy.. Originally, in order to have children, you had to get married. Now you have the right to separate, not that everyone does it, but at least some people have a choice.

About women’s safety

new weekly ：In recent years, many people have paid attention to women’s safety issues such as marital rape, sexual assault by acquaintances, sexual assault by taking advantage of their position and sexual harassment in the workplace. What should be improved in our legal practice at present?

Chen Bi ：We have confirmed that sexual assault and harassment have not fully met the requirements of international conventions against discrimination against women.Women’s disagreement also needs to be manifested through physical resistance and evidence chain..

Let me give you an example. If you have forced sex with the opposite sex and later say that he raped you, according to our current proof logic, you should look abnormal at that time. You have many opportunities to call for help and call the police. Why not?If the victim didn’t do these things, she might get unfavorable results..

For example, I took a man’s arm and went into the hotel together. We talked and laughed and slept all night. I saw him off the next morning, but I didn’t report it later. On the third day, I called the police and said that he forced me.

But from the perspective of women, we will know the hesitation and fear of women at that time. She may be afraid to act rashly because of the high position of the other party; Maybe I was scared at that time, and after discussing it with my husband and girlfriends afterwards, I thought I should expose it. However, the current law is not designed from this perspective.

Some women think, why should I find so much evidence to prove that I disagree?

From the old proof standard-you have to resist fiercely, otherwise it doesn’t mean you disagree; Develop to the second level-reasonable resistance; Then develop to the third level-"no is no"; Finally, there is the fourth level, that is, more respect for women’s "Yes means yes", and women have to say "yes" to express their consent, so that sexual behavior can proceed. This is the development of women’s sexual autonomy.

archaicThe crime of rape initially protects social order.. Later, it changed greatly in meaning, from"Protecting the ownership order" has changed into "ensuring that women are not vassals of anyone"The crime of rape really violates the individual’s sexual autonomy, that is, the right to decide who I have sex with.

Feminism has developed to different heights in different countries.The theory of "Yes means yes" was accepted by the criminal law circle under the impetus of feminists, and it was gradually reflected in the trial.We may still be in the second and third stages.

new weekly ：Victims now need to prove their violation and disagreement. In the worst case, how can we keep the evidence and protect our rights and interests?

Chen Bi ：We are free to have sex with others as adults, whether male or female. But in your free state, if you have to express your disagreement, you should first say "no" bravely.The signal of rejection is stronger.

If it continues to happen, how can we keep the evidence and hold the other party accountable?

After having a bad feeling, you canSend a WeChat description to a friend immediately.For example, I feel that this person is very violent and I am a little scared. If adverse consequences occur,This description is also very important evidence.. It’s best to passVideo traceFor example, if you were brought in, you may be photographed by the surveillance of bars and hotels. From our experience in handling cases, these are all very important evidences. Like underwear, sheets, blood stains, which can leave evidence of the other party, try to keep them.

If you decide to call the police, it is recommended to immediatelyThe fastest speed alarmYou can receive the police at home with the hotel front desk and collect evidence with the police. Witnesses are there, and towels and sheets are in the room where you lived, which can reduce the pollution of evidence.

If you wake up in the morning and find yourself sexually assaulted, you must have it.Evidence consciousnessDon’t take a shower and wash your hair at once, or all the evidence will be washed away.

If you are an acquaintance, the other party may send a WeChat to appease the victim. You can restate the matter and say that I am angry with what happened yesterday, and maybe you can reconfirm the incident.

About cyber violence

new weekly ：In February this year, there were several cyber-storms, one of which directly led to the death of a pink-haired girl. Seeing that netizens suggested the introduction of an anti-cyber violence law, if any, what level should it contain? What obligations does the platform need to undertake?

Chen Bi : My personal opinion,It may be difficult to introduce the anti-cyber violence law. Unlike the Anti-Domestic Violence Law, it relies on women’s rights and interests, which is a very important work of the Women’s Federation.But who are the victims of cyber violence? It is difficult for them to be a subject.How can the protected rights and interests be condensed, and which social organization can take the lead? I find it very difficult.

Cyber-violence is not a legal term, it is embodied in many kinds of illegal acts and criminal acts, and its related provisions are interspersed in many laws. The acts involved are also governed by the Civil Code, the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment and, more seriously, the Criminal Law.

The current laws and regulations can basically cover the specific behavior of cyber violence, forward abuse, spread rumors and slander, expose the privacy of personal information, and disclose telephone numbers for everyone to call.

If a regulation can be issued to increase the obligations of the platform, the legal relationship will still be handed over to various departments to sort out, and it may be more practical to implement it by the Civil Code, the Law on Public Security Administration Punishment and the Criminal Law.

new weekly ：In many incidents of cyber violence, the role of platforms is partially vacuum, but their roles are somewhat ambiguous, because platforms may benefit from traffic. Is there any way to establish rules to clarify platform responsibilities? For example, when someone speaks disrespectfully, the platform should remind him which laws have been violated.

Chen Bi ：Some platforms are designed with these functions.After increasing the platform’s responsibility, maybe this kind of incident will still happen.. For example, in the case of the girl with pink hair, I personally think that the platform can’t completely evaluate that this will form a cyber storm event, which is difficult to prevent.

But the platform is inert, and it actually needs to bear mandatory obligations.If someone reports to it that it has been cyber-hacked, it must immediately delete the cyber-hacked information. If it is not deleted immediately, and the victim can show evidence of contacting the platform,It is to bear joint and several tort liability..

The law gives more consideration to what help can be provided to the victims. If you encounter a cyber storm, you must quickly ask the platform for help and ask the video to be removed. If the customer service can’t solve it, just get the other party’s work number and continue to call to complain. There are many successful cases that have been solved in this way.The platform has the obligation to take you off the shelf, and you can sue the platform together if it is not good enough..

Domestic violence cases

new weekly ：What was the implementation of the personal safety protection order in previous domestic violence cases?

Chen Bi ：The proof standard of personal safety protection order is actually low. For example, your ex-boyfriend sends you 20 harassing text messages a day, all of which are swearing. If you show this evidence to the judge, you are likely to get a personal safety protection order.

As long as the possibility of domestic violence is greater than that of non-occurrence, about more than 50%, which proves that others have harassed you and posed a real threat to you, you can ask the court to issue a personal safety protection order.

If the other party violates the personal safety protection order, if the circumstances are serious, it will bear criminal responsibility, and the maximum sentence can be three years. Many cases of domestic violence have been effectively curbed.

new weekly ：In many cases, domestic violence-related cases are first prosecuted by civil cases, and there may be cases where the judgment is light. Some people suggest that more detailed sentencing standards should be adopted for domestic violence. What do you think of this?

Chen Bi ：Domestic violence, like cyber violence, is not a legal term. If you want to divorce because of being beaten, it should be solved within the scope of civil cases.

If you want to prove that the other party’s infringement on you has exceeded the Civil Procedure Law, you can take a criminal approach and initiate a public prosecution. You need to add other evidence to prove that the other party has abused or intentionally hurt you, and the law will deal with sentencing according to its own rules.

Why do you get a light sentence in many cases? Because he has obtained the understanding of the victim, he may kneel down again and apologize. In addition, as soon as the family persuades him, the perpetrator will get the understanding, which is often the important reason for the "lighter sentence" in the judgment. From the judge’s point of view, ifIf the family is to be maintained, heavier punishment is actually unfavorable to family stability..

It also depends on the wishes of the parties, whether to continue to live together.If the victim resolutely does not understand, the sentence will not be very light.

new weekly ：The decision of the parties may also be influenced by the so-called "family culture", and it is necessary to maintain a harmonious family relationship. It makes sense in law, but it may lead to the victim’s rights and interests not being well protected.

Chen Bi ：Right,The right to escape is given to you, depending on whether our women grow up to master and make good use of this right.What we can do, especially what the legal profession can do, is to give you the right and put it here. When human beings can touch tools, she may be liberated.

I think the law can liberate human beings and women as well.One is that I will give you "weapons", and the other is to rely on the awakening of the parties themselves..

I think many people think that the victim is so miserable out of kindness that she must be rescued from her unhappy life and marriage. But personally, I think thisIt is also a logic of the strong.. If she insists on forcibly saving others, she may fall into another difficult situation.

In fact, as feminism says, the weak should be respected, right? But I want to give her this possibility. I can’t let her despair. There is no chance to ask for help or escape in the future. Now there is such a help and opportunity.

Where do you grow up, what kind of life do you decide,I prefer to say that the law should not have the logic of the strong.The law just gives her a chance to pick up the weapon when she wants to save herself and escape.

About gender culture

new weekly ：How do we educate about gender respect and gender equality in the whole system of public security and inspection law? For example, in the Ram case, if we knew how to protect the victims first, the tragedy that followed might not have happened.

Chen Bi ：In fact, all public security laws have one function, that is, legal education. The police station will also do this work, but it is more focused on teaching the masses.How to properly safeguard individual rights and not commit crimes?Wait.

The education of gender respect you mentioned is based on the popularization of law.At present, it can only meet the minimum requirements, and the minimum requirement of morality is the rule of law..

If you do legal education, you will know.There is a big gap between law and morality. And many times, respecting women is actually out of moral constraints.. I think the popularization of the concepts of being kind to women and living in harmony between the two sexes is more driven by social atmosphere.

However, the domestic violence in the Ram case is not only the degree of family conflicts, but also a violation of criminal law. Ram is with a person who has no respect for life and is likely to kill. The real danger already exists, but it has not been recognized and has not attracted enough attention. Finally, it has led to the tragedy of intentional homicide. This kind of murder case between husband and wife and between spouses actually happens every year, which is very shocking.

Sex education

new weekly ：We all know that the popularization of sex education is very important for the protection of children, but some parents worry that premature sex education may lead to precocious puberty in children. What should we do about it?

Chen Bi ：I think children’s sex education must not only explain how organs develop and how sexual behavior occurs. It is to let children understand that they are the masters of the body.

We have done crime research for so many years, in fact, we can see from the defendants and victims that they may have lacked a basic education in their childhood and did not form a right.Cognition of the boundary between peopleThis may be the focus of our sex education.

When you were young, you had to tell her that your body is up to you, and you can’t let others infringe on it, and you can’t let others touch your parts. Once she established this sense of physical boundaries, she understood many things.

Knowing this, we can understand that "other people’s bodies are also the masters of others." Who am I going to have sex with? It can only happen after mutual consent. I can respect myself and others. If she can understand this, she will bravely refuse or call for help when someone invades her.

If you don’t establish a sense of boundaries in your body, you will feel that you can invade others, and it doesn’t matter if others infringe on you.. If parents don’t do this kind of education when they are young, or they are prone to domestic violence, children may learn these things in the future.

The murderer in the Ram case also grew up in a violent environment at home. No one told him that your body should be respected and your feelings should be respected.

About the protection of women and children

new weekly ：One of the hot topics last year was the penalty for the sale of women and children. What specific changes have taken place in relevant laws and regulations in recent years?

Chen Bi ：People who bought women and children at first were not punished. Later, it was developed to stipulate in the amendment that buying will also be punished. However, the punishment is still relatively light, and the maximum sentence is only 3 years. Suppose that five years later, after the limitation of prosecution, as long as I don’t commit a new crime, you can’t pursue my criminal responsibility.

Why was it so loose in those days? First, because our protection of women and children is centered on combating trafficking,The penalty for abduction and trafficking is very heavy, which can be as high as the death penalty, and the bribe is obviously much lighter.Second, in order to encourage these families who buy and sell women and children, they can actively release the children and women and prevent them from doing things that hurt women and children in order to stop the rescue.

In this way, what happened in practice? Sometimes, when it is discovered, it has been several years, and it has become a fait accompli. People get along with each other, children may have been raised for several years, and better feelings may have been established. The trafficked women may be forced to get married and even have children.She will consider: if she leaves here, where can she go again?Will it be worse than living here? Sometimes they choose to stay where they are and continue their lives.

When the people’s court tries, it will take into account the necessity of maintaining family stability. If the victim comes forward to understand, it may be suspended, and the punishment seems very light.Most of the people who bought it were sentenced to several months in the end, and many of them were suspended..

I think the situation has changed now, including after last year’s discussion, everyone knows that trafficking in women is a heinous crime, and buying it is absolutely unforgivable. And the law enforcement power at the grassroots level is stronger. In this case, can the penalty be adjusted? The maximum penalty is only three years, which is really mismatched.

Women sometimes don’t exercise their freedom of choice, but they can’t help themselves.. But what we can do is to give women the choice as much as possible, and at the same time slowly change the society.So that they should not be in an environment where they have a choice but are unable to choose..

new weekly ：You wrote in your book, "The degree of protection for women and children is a true embodiment of the degree of social civilization". How do you understand this sentence?

Chen Bi ：What is the degree of civilization of a country or a society? It is not how much happiness most people enjoy, but these weak and vulnerable groups,What kind of rights do those people who may not be seen by us enjoy?.

Women are endowed with reproductive value because they have a uterus; As long as the surname is changed, the child can be endowed with the value of breeding blood. They will become the targets of trafficking, essentially because they are not treated as living people, but only used as a tool. The protection of them by laws and institutions is the symbol of a country and a social civilization. Their rights need to be seen.

Also share the book "The Echo of Justice" by Chen Bi, which contains many popular events.

# Media People Weekly #

Author | Felicia

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