"No silicone oil, no irritation!" "Natural extracts must be better than chemicals!" In recent years, about "silicone oil added to traditional shampoo will clog pores, lead to hair loss and even cause cancer." Rumors have made shampoo with silicone oil "out of favor". Non-silicone oil shampoo quickly occupied the market, even though it was much more expensive than silicone oil shampoo, it still attracted consumers’ attention.

　　So, what is silicone oil? Is it really the culprit leading to hair loss, skin irritation and even cancer? Is the zero silicone oil care product that consumers have paid a high price necessarily applicable? With these questions, the reporter visited Sun Jie, the pharmacist in charge of Nanjing Institute of Dermatology, China Academy of Medical Sciences, and listened to what the professionals said.

　　Silicone oil can effectively relieve hair damage.

　　"Silicone oil is a kind of silicone siloxane, and dimethyl silicone oil is widely used in the care and cosmetics industries." Sun Jie told the Science and Technology Daily reporter.

　　In the chemical industry, silicone oil is actually a general term for polydimethylsiloxane, cyclodimethylsiloxane or their derivatives. Silicone oil is a non-volatile, transparent, non-toxic and non-corrosive liquid with stable chemical properties and high safety.

　　In shampoo, the scientific name of silicone oil is "polydimethylsiloxane", which has good viscosity and ductility, that is, it is very similar to the oil extracted from natural plants.

　　Our ancestors first used natural plant extracts to clean hair and skin. With the development of chemical industry and the increasing demand of people for care products, silicone oil has been applied to shampoo products for 70 years.

　　Why should silicone oil be added to shampoo? This starts with the structure of hair.

　　Our hair grows from the hair follicles of the scalp, and the main component is keratin. There are many scales on each hair. The outermost layer of hair scales is 7-mdash; Ten layers of dead cells cover the hair surface to protect the hair core, and the healthy hair scales are complete and submissive, so the hair surface is smooth and looks shiny.

　　Sun Jie told reporters that when washing hair, the grease attached to the hair scales will be washed away, and when combing hair, the hair scales will tilt up, which increases the friction between the hair and makes the hair tangled easily, thus aggravating the damage of the hair scales. If you dye your hair and perm it, it will make your hair scales open and your hair look dry and dull.

　　Silicone oil can be adsorbed with hair to fill the unevenness caused by the bulge of hair scales, reduce the mutual friction between hairs, make hair easy to comb and smooth, and effectively alleviate hair damage.

　　At the same time, silicone oil is also a skin moisturizing ingredient, which can cover the skin to form a protective layer to prevent the skin from losing moisture, and is widely used in moisturizing agents.

　　Serious hair loss is not the fault of silicone oil.

　　For a long time, there have been many misunderstandings about silicone oil, such as irritating the skin, causing allergies, and even hearing rumors that silicone oil is toxic and carcinogenic.

　　"Silicone oil is widely used in cosmetics or skin care products, and it has been approved by regulatory authorities around the world and can be used in cosmetics." Sun Jie pointed out that silicone oil itself is non-toxic, tasteless and less likely to cause skin irritation and allergies.

　　There have been rumors that "silicone oil causes cancer, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has banned silicone oil." The reporter inquired about the official website of FDA and found that dimethicone with the code of 009006659 is dimethyl silicone oil, which is the ingredient that FDA clearly can use in cosmetics, and many internationally renowned brands clearly indicate that it contains silicone oil.

　　In addition, the reporter consulted the literature and found no reports that silicone oil caused cancer and teratogenesis.

　　"In 2003, the CIR expert group evaluated the safety of silicone oil preparations, and most of the products evaluated were ≤ 15%, the expert group believes that silicone oil has a large molecular weight and will not be absorbed by the skin, nor has it found any toxic reaction to animals or people that is carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. " Sun Jie said that in 2014, CIR expert group evaluated 62 kinds of cosmetics containing cross-linked polymer of dimethyl silicone oil, and found that they were safe and not carcinogenic.

　　In addition, the reporter consulted China’s national standard "GB/T29679-2013" on shampoo and shampoo, and there was no restriction on the use of silicone oil. Therefore, there is no need to "look at silicone oil and change color."

　　In recent years, many people have a "Mediterranean" hairstyle before they are 30 years old. Therefore, some people think that this is caused by the use of shampoo containing silicone oil.

　　"Adults drop 70-mdash every day; 100 hairs are normal, and they are obviously lost a lot, or they need to be noticed in pieces. " Sun Jie said.

　　Silicone oil is insoluble in water, and long-term cleaning can not rule out the blockage of scalp hair follicles. However, the concentration of silicone oil in shampoo products is only about 1%, and there is only 0.1 g of silicone oil (about 0.1ml) in 10ml shampoo. After washing, most of it is adsorbed on the hair surface, and the possibility of blocking hair follicles is very small. There is no literature report that silicone oil can block hair follicles.

　　Sun Jie introduced that in recent years, improved silicone oil with stronger water solubility has been used in washing and care products, so that when washing hair, silicone oil can be more effectively attached to the hair, with less residue on the skin.

　　In addition, people’s scalp can secrete up to 1 gram of oil a day, and 0.1 gram of silicone oil is really dwarfed by the amount of oil produced by the scalp a day. Moreover, the oil is constantly discharged, and even if a little silicone oil enters the pores, it is easy to be discharged with the oil.

　　Sun Jie told reporters that in modern society, people working overtime and staying up late, emotional stress, endocrine disorders, stimulating diet, dieting and so on are all causes of hair loss, and silicone oil undoubtedly bears a "big blame" in this respect.

　　The choice of care products depends on the quality of hair.

　　In recent years, silicone oil-free shampoo has rapidly occupied the market, even though it is 5-mdash more expensive than silicone oil-containing shampoo. 10 times, consumers are still rushing.

　　Intensive advertising campaign and "recommendation" when online celebrity delivered the goods live, focused consumers’ eyes on silicone-free shampoo, but many consumers haven’t figured out what silicone-free means, and they will follow suit when they see others using it. As a result, some people have more serious oil production, and some people have aggravated the dryness of the scalp and the split hair.

　　"Zero silicone oil shampoo is also developed by manufacturers to meet the needs of western consumers. Most people in Europe and America have soft hair and do not need to add a lot of lubricating oil." Sun Jie explained, but the yellow hair is hard, and many people often get perm, so how to choose it depends on the hair quality.

　　In addition, even though many products claim that there is no silicone oil in shampoo, other lubricating vegetable oil ingredients are added. These vegetable oils also have the possibility of blocking hair follicles. At the same time, some people may also stimulate the scalp and produce allergic reactions after using it.

　　Therefore, Sun Jie suggested that consumers should choose the appropriate shampoo according to their own situation. If you often perm and dye your hair and have hair care needs, you can choose a shampoo containing silicone oil; If you have oily skin, fine hair and less hair, you can choose a shampoo without silicone oil to produce a relatively fluffy hairstyle effect.

　　For people with dry scalp, less oil secretion, rough hair or hair damage caused by long-term dyeing, you can use silicone oil shampoo, which can make hair smooth and easy to take care of; For some women with dry hair and frequent dyeing, it is more suitable to choose shampoo containing silicone oil.

　　Sun Jie pointed out that both shampoo containing silicone oil and shampoo without silicone oil have their own advantages, and the one that suits your hair quality is the best. Therefore, you can choose a shampoo with or without silicone oil according to your own needs.

　　Tips

　　Wash your hair correctly, don’t step on the pit.

　　Is it better to wash your hair with hot water?

　　Excessive water temperature can easily damage hair scales and scalp. For people with oily hair, high temperature will also stimulate sebaceous glands and aggravate hair oil.

　　Suggestion: The water temperature should be similar to the human body temperature.

　　Shampoo directly on the head?

　　Pour the shampoo directly on the hair, which will cause great irritation to the scalp and even cause inflammation.

　　Suggestion: Rub the shampoo into foam before rubbing it on your hair.

　　Is it more moisturizing to apply more conditioner?

　　Applying too much conditioner or leaving it on your head for too long may put a burden on your scalp and aggravate the problems of your hair and scalp.

　　Suggestion: Apply it to the rough hair. After applying the conditioner to the hair, when the hair is dry and forked seriously, you can wear a shower cap to help absorb nutrients.

　　Do you want to dry your hair after washing it?

　　After washing hair, the hair scales are open. At this time, the hair is very fragile. If you rub your hair hard, the hair scales will be damaged and the hair will become rough.

　　Suggestion: wrap your hair with an absorbent towel to absorb moisture.

　　Air-dry naturally after washing?

　　Many people worry that the hair dryer will damage their hair. In fact, when the hair is half wet and half dry, it is more likely to breed bacteria.

　　Suggestion: After wiping with a towel every time, blow dry with a hair dryer. Blow the short hair to more than 90% dry, and blow the long hair to 70% dry.

　　(Source: Popular Science China)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 7th Question: What are the bottlenecks for new energy vehicles to enter the rural market?

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Huang Xing and Xiang Dingjie

　　"It is very cost-effective to buy new energy vehicles now, and it is tens of thousands of yuan cheaper to count various preferential policies. The car is very environmentally friendly, its endurance performance is good, and it is economical and affordable. " Recently, Cao Fuping, a villager from Guang Shun Town, Changshun County, Guizhou Province, bought a Geely Galaxy L7.

　　A survey by Xinhua Viewpoint reporter found that with the help of policies, new energy vehicles are accelerating their entry into the rural market. However, there are still some problems in some areas, such as incomplete charging pile facilities and the need to improve vehicle adaptability. It is still necessary to speed up the construction of charging facilities, enrich rural vehicles and improve support policies to help new energy vehicles go to the countryside.

　　New energy vehicles speed up their drive to the rural market.

　　Walking in many rural areas, from time to time, you can see new energy vehicles with green cards whizzing by.

　　Walking into the charging station of Fuhuan Town, Qijiang District, Chongqing, the owner Liu Gang is charging his polar fox car. Last year, Liu Gang spent more than 220,000 yuan to buy this car. "It only takes more than an hour to charge 80% of the electricity, and it costs less than 1 yuan’s money for every 1 kilowatt hour, which is convenient and affordable. The driving experience of electric cars is also great. " Liu Gang said.

　　The picture shows the owner charging the car at the charging station in Fuhuan Town, Qijiang District. (photo by Yan Jiangkui)

　　Ye Peng, deputy general manager of State Grid Chongqing Qijiang Power Supply Company, told the reporter that in 2022, the company invested 300,000 yuan to build a charging station in Fuhuan Town; After the charging station was put into operation, the number of new energy vehicles in the town has gradually increased to more than 40, and many villagers continue to buy new energy vehicles.

　　In recent years, a series of policies have been introduced to encourage new energy vehicles to go to the countryside. In July 2020, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued a notice requesting the organization of new energy vehicles to go to the countryside. In June this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other ministries and commissions launched the activity of new energy vehicles going to the countryside in 2023, which will last until December this year, with a total of 69 new energy vehicle models participating.

　　Xie Guang, senior director of the strategic planning department of Changan Automobile, said that seven cars of Changan Automobile were selected for this year’s catalogue of new energy vehicles going to the countryside. In order to increase sales, the company introduced a number of preferential policies, such as the best-selling model Benben E-Star giving a discount of 12,000 yuan, while the other model directly dropped 30,000 yuan and then sent the "Three Electricity" (motor, battery and electronic control) lifetime warranty.

　　The accelerated improvement of the charging infrastructure has also helped pave the way for new energy vehicles to "go to the countryside". The data shows that in 2020, the number of individual charging piles in Qijiang District of Chongqing was only 24, and the number of new charging piles in 2022 has reached 515, reaching 586 this year. 86% of townships in Guizhou have built charging facilities, and Chongqing is expected to achieve full coverage of all township charging facilities by 2025.

　　According to the data released by China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, the sales volume of new energy vehicles going to the countryside increased by 80%, 169% and 87% respectively in 2020, 2021 and 2022, driving the cumulative sales of new energy vehicles going to the countryside to more than 4.1 million. The industry expects that the sales volume of new energy vehicles to the countryside will continue to climb this year.

　　Popularization still needs to go through three hurdles

　　Although the sales of new energy vehicles in rural areas continue to increase, the penetration rate in rural areas is still low. According to the data of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association, in March this year, the penetration rate of pure electric passenger cars in counties and townships was 16%, and the penetration rate of plug-in passenger cars in counties and townships was 8%.

　　The industry believes that there are still many problems to be solved before new energy vehicles can enter the "fast lane" in the countryside.

　　— — Charging facilities need to be further improved. The reporter learned that the current rural new energy vehicle market is still in the initial stage of popularization, and the construction of charging facilities in rural areas is still lagging behind. There are problems in the construction of charging piles, such as low social investment willingness, difficult profitability and difficult equipment maintenance.

　　"There are too few charging piles and they are often found everywhere." A new energy owner in Longshan Town, Longli County, Guizhou Province said that local public charging piles are often unavailable, and it is common to run for 10 to 20 kilometers for charging. Zhang Le, a resident of a township in Chongqing, told reporters that he once wanted to start with a new energy vehicle, but he finally chose a fuel vehicle because he was worried that it was inconvenient to charge.

　　— — Models and prices should be more suitable for the needs of rural consumers. Rural residents are more sensitive to price, and quite a few people tend to buy new energy vehicles below 70,000 yuan. Every year, cars go to the countryside mainly in small cars and mini-cars.

　　Some rural residents prefer cheap old scooters. Wang Ping, the branch secretary of Haimakong Village, xiuwen county, Guizhou Province, said that almost every household in the village has an old scooter. "Although the old scooter has potential safety hazards, it is really cheap and has a low threshold for use."

　　According to the car salesmen interviewed, some micro new energy vehicles are selling well, but at present, there are few new energy vehicles that can take into account the use scenarios such as rural cargo pulling and agricultural production.

　　— — The sales service system needs to be further improved. The reporter learned that the traditional fuel vehicle dealer system is deeply rooted, and there are generally 4S stores or dealer channels in the county. However, new energy vehicles often adopt online booking and new direct sales mode, and the dealer system of car enterprises in the county is not perfect, which leads to the underdevelopment of new energy vehicle finance, insurance, used cars, after-sales and maintenance.

　　Take multiple measures to unblock the "blocking point"

　　Industry experts believe that compared with cities, the rural new energy vehicle market will still be a blue ocean. According to the Study on Electric Vehicle Travel in Rural Areas of China published by China Electric Vehicle committee of 100, it is estimated that by 2030, there will be nearly 160 vehicles with 1,000 people in rural areas of China, with a total ownership of over 70 million vehicles, and the market scale may reach 500 billion yuan.

　　Xu Haidong, deputy chief engineer of China Automobile Industry Association, suggested that efforts should be made to improve public charging facilities, enrich rural vehicles and support policies, and accelerate the assistance of new energy vehicles to the countryside.

　　First of all, focus on building public charging facilities. The relevant person in charge of State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company suggested that public charging facilities should be given priority in counties, townships, enterprises and institutions, commercial buildings, transportation hubs and other places, and at the same time, the existing rural residential communities should be accelerated to carry out the transformation of charging facilities construction conditions according to local conditions, and the requirements for charging infrastructure construction in new residential communities should be implemented.

　　The first integrated photovoltaic charging station in Chongqing, which was completed and put into use on June 16, 2022 (photo of drone). Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Yushe

　　"Rural areas are mostly ‘ One household and one hospital ’ The living form can be actively explored ‘ Photovoltaic+energy storage+automobile charging ’ Integrated charging mode. " Xie Guang said. The reporter found that at present, the model has been implemented in scenes such as expressway service areas, but it is rarely used in rural residents’ homes.

　　Secondly, we should speed up the supply of products to the countryside. Xu Haidong suggested that new energy vehicle companies should be encouraged to develop more economical, practical and marketable vehicles according to the characteristics of consumers in rural areas, especially products such as micro-trucks, micro-trucks and light trucks. In view of the fact that rural consumers have low requirements for cruising range, the number of batteries can be reduced to reduce the cost and price.

　　In addition, it is necessary to guide new energy vehicle companies to sink their sales and service networks. Lin Yun, an associate professor of Chongqing University, and others suggested that car companies and third-party service enterprises should be guided to speed up the construction of joint business outlets in rural areas, establish a supporting after-sales service system, regularly carry out after-sales service activities in the countryside, and provide emergency rescue services.

　　□ Rule of Law Daily reporter Sun Tianjiao

　　□ rule of law daily intern Chen Lier

　　Not long ago, the dispute between Shen Nanqiao, a novelist, and Jiuyuexi over plagiarism aroused social concern. Shen Nanqiao posted on the social platform that in Jiuyuexi’s novel "A City Waiting for You", the character setting, personality and experience of the "fake brother and sister" are similar to those in his work "I’m only afraid that I love you", and a "palette" (a table comparing the plagiarized text with the original text) is listed. Jiuyuexi quickly counterattacked, listing "counter-offer" (refutation of "palette"), saying that there was no plagiarism, and "legal weapons are welcome to properly protect rights".

　　In recent years, the word "melting stalk" has been frequently packaged with plagiarism, which has been called "more covert plagiarism" by many online novel writers and readers. There is no official definition of "melting stalk", which is usually considered that the other party has not copied the original text word for word, but the core plot of the story development is very similar to the character setting.

　　In an interview with the reporter of the Rule of Law Daily, many experts believe that "melting stalks" is not completely equivalent to plagiarism in the sense of copyright law, but there is a great possibility of infringing copyright, and some of them are tantamount to "advanced plagiarism". In practice, it is difficult to prove and defend the rights of controversial works. We should be wary of beautifying "melting stalks" as "reference" and "tribute", so that defenders will be discouraged, plagiarists will escape punishment and the creative enthusiasm of the original creators will be dampened.

　　Controversy over stem melting frequently occurs.

　　Whether plagiarism is difficult to judge.

　　At the beginning of this year, Ms. Tian of Changchun City, Jilin Province found that her work published on the online platform was "melted", and the name, cover and theme of the other work were highly similar to the original article. "It can be said that it was directly taken down."

　　What makes Ms. Tian even more shocked is that the people who "melt" her works are her fans and often interact with themselves in the comment area. Ms. Tian then confided in the other party privately. At first, the other party denied the "melting stalk", but admitted it after seeing the comparison of the two works made by Ms. Tian.

　　In the end, the result of the negotiation between the two parties was that the other party publicly apologized to Ms. Tian on the publishing platform and put the apology statement on the top. Seeing the apology statement of the other party, Ms. Tian wanted to further defend her rights, but she felt that the work was "broken" and not simply copied.

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, there are frequent disputes about "melting stalks" in current novels, especially online novels.

　　Previously, the work "Fairy Tale Sequel" by the author of a web platform was accused by netizens of "melting stalks" and many other works, including the design of male and female hosts and the key plot points. In the end, Muque tweeted an apology to the author, Ear Dong Rabbit, saying that she had "borrowed too much" in her description. At present, the online platform shows that "Fairy Tale Sequel" is illegal.

　　The reporter searched on major online platforms with the word "melting stalks" and found that many online writers posted that their works were "melting stalks". For the behavior of "melting stalks", the vast majority of authors scoff. One author with millions of fans once wrote an article bluntly: "There are so many core stalks in a text, which person who writes with real skills is not clear? I resolutely resist the situation of melting stalks and copying stalks. I also sincerely hope that all my readers will resist this kind of behavior. This is the protection of the original author. Otherwise originality will die. "

　　For the behavior of "melting stalks", many readers bluntly said that it was "completely unacceptable". Huang Shushu (pseudonym) of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province said: "Compared with plagiarism, ‘ Melt stalks ’ Behavior is more unbearable to some extent. Because word-for-word plagiarism can directly prove it, but it is ‘ Melt stalks ’ It is often difficult for authors to prove themselves, and some ‘ Melt stalks ’ Some people still call it ‘ Learn from ’ Or ‘ Coincidence ’ 。”

　　However, some readers said that they don’t mind whether the novel is "melting". Silent (pseudonym), who went to college in Haidian, Beijing, thinks that "melting stalks" is different from plagiarism, and plagiarism is an imitation of "a large area", while "melting stalks" is only a reference for a small part of the plot. "If ‘ Melt stalks ’ Part is not the core of the work, and it will not affect my perception of the novel. "

　　Xu Yaoming, executive vice president of the Network Literature Research Institute of Central South University, said that "melting stalks" is not a legal term, but an online buzzword. It is generally believed that "melting stalks" refers to the act of collecting the creativity of all parties in the process of online literature creation and borrowing other people’s intellectual achievements in the aspects of character setting and story routine. "Melting stalks" is not completely equivalent to plagiarism in the sense of copyright law, but in practice, "melting stalks" does have a great possibility of infringing copyright.

　　Wang Zhengzhi, a partner of Gawain Law Firm and director of all china lawyers association Intellectual Property Committee, told the reporter that from a legal point of view, "melting stalks" and plagiarism cannot be equated. The word "plagiarism" corresponds to the act of "plagiarizing other people’s works" in the context of copyright law, and the plagiarist should bear legal responsibility. The word "melting stem" is not spoken in French illegally, and the boundary is unknown. The object and degree of "melting stem" may affect the legal evaluation of "melting stem" behavior. "Not all ‘ Melt stalks ’ Acts constitute infringement in copyright law. "

　　During the interview, some network writers said that it is precisely because of the above characteristics of "melting stalks" that "there are hardships".

　　Ms. Yuan, an online writer from Gansu, posted on the social platform that her article was "broken by two big brothers for many times", but she knew that if she worked hard to make a "palette", there was a high probability that the other party would not be sanctioned, and it would "attract other plagiarists to step on it". She told reporters that the writers who were "melted", despite their anger, most of them would not defend their rights and spit on social accounts at most. "Because there is no way ‘ Beat to death ’ The other side, the official also has no ‘ Melt stalks ’ A clear definition, too true, may bring trouble to yourself. "

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, when the author or reader puts forward that a work is suspected of "melting stalks", he usually sends out a "palette" between the original work and the plagiarized work, including the specific release time of the work, the specific scene description in the article, the development context of the story, and the personality setting of the characters in the novel, and compares the similarities or even similarities between the two works one by one.

　　However, many times the "palette" is not convincing enough. Ms. Chen, a citizen of Beijing, has been reading online novels for nearly 10 years, and has also witnessed many online novel writers or readers denouncing them in the form of "palette". She said that the problem of "melting stalks" involves the setting of characters, the background of the story, the trend of the plot, etc. It is difficult to present an overview in one or two sentences. "Some authors ‘ Hammer ’ Others, mixed with a lot of their own opinions and emotions, hang people ‘ Melt stalks ’ Examples of the final rollover are also everywhere. "

　　Strict conditions for infringement

　　It is difficult to protect rights by melting stalks

　　Judging from the investigation, the dispute of "melting stalks" often stays in the online battle between the two sides, and most of them go away. Only a few authors choose to protect their rights through law.

　　In March, 2022, network writer Zuzhan issued a document saying that his case of suing another network writer, Jiu Yuexi’s Xiao Nanfeng, for infringing the copyright of his work Hug You Over Time had been filed. This case is also the first one to go to the litigation stage after the establishment of the anti-plagiarism fund initiated by writer Zhuang Yu.

　　According to the official response of the Anti-Plagiarism Fund, most of the elements in Xiao Nanfeng, including the story background, structure and narrative context, come from Hug You Over Time, and even the characters can correspond to each other one by one, but none of the sentences in the two works are completely coincident. "The descriptions and dialogues of the sentences in the closest situation are also slightly different."

　　According to lawyer Yue Shenshan, a member of the Anti-Plagiarism Fund Management Committee, after four months, the Anti-Plagiarism Fund invited experts and college student volunteers to read and compare the two works, and decided to give assistance on the basis of summarizing the reading reports issued by the volunteers who participated in the reading comparison. At present, the case has been heard twice.

　　What is the difficulty of judicial rights protection in the dispute of "melting stalks"?

　　Wang Zhengzhi believes that, on the one hand, novels accused of "melting stalks" are often popular works, and defenders will face great public pressure to resort to legal channels. On the other hand, if we resort to the law, the judicial determination of the infringement of literary works is still unclear, and there are great differences between cases; Even if the case is won, the amount of compensation is often out of proportion to the time and energy invested.

　　In Xu Yaoming’s view, in addition to the high litigation cost, the difficulty in determining the nature of infringement has greatly lengthened the trial cycle of such "advanced plagiarism" cases, and at the same time tested the professional standards of plaintiff lawyers and judges.

　　According to public information, in 2019, the Chaoyang District People’s Court of Beijing made a judgment on the plagiarism case of 12 writers v. Splendid Weiyang. The first instance found that the plagiarism was established, and ordered the defendant Zhou Jing (pen name Qin Jian) to immediately stop the copying, distribution and online communication of the novel Splendid Weiyang from the effective date of the judgment, and compensate the plaintiff for economic losses. There are many places in the novel "Splendid Weiyang" that directly copy the original texts of other novels, and some of the contents are accused of "melting stalks", but the expression is "cleverly" re-created. After the dust settled in this case, many netizens sighed with emotion: "‘ Melt stalks ’ Finally, I have the hope of identifying plagiarism. "

　　Xie Yujia, a judge of the Intellectual Property Court of Chaoyang Court, said that when the specific expression of the originality of the right work and the accused work is substantially similar, the court may consider that the accused work constitutes infringement. First of all, we need to confirm the samples for comparison, that is, the specific expression parts of the right works and the accused works. If the relationship between characters and the setting of specific plots are rich enough, they can be regarded as concrete expressions. "Copyright does not protect ideas. Only when the concrete expressions are substantially similar can it be regarded as copyright infringement."

　　Xie Yujia said that the difficulty in identifying the infringement of "Ronggeng" works lies in the distinction between adaptation and reasonable reference. Adaptation, that is, on the basis of the original work, produces a new deductive work through its own creative activities. Although the author of the adapted work has also paid creative labor, it is an infringement without the permission of the original author. Drawing lessons may refer to the act of simply using the ideas of the right works instead of expressing them, or it may refer to rational use.

　　"Ideological reference does not involve the original achievements of works that infringe rights, and it is usually not considered as copyright infringement. However, whether the specific expression of reference constitutes infringement depends on the proportion of reference content. The consideration of this ratio should not only be considered quantitatively, but also from the perspective of the importance of learning from the content and the originality of expression, that is, the qualitative dimension. The evaluation criteria need to be analyzed in combination with specific cases. " Xie Yujia said.

　　Take relevant cases as guidance.

　　Properly protect original works

　　According to Xu Yaoming, in recent years, the number of cases involving "advanced plagiarism" has increased. In June this year, the Network Literature Research Institute of Central South University and Hubei Copyright Protection Association published "Ten Typical Judicial Cases of Copyright Protection of Online Literature in China in 2022", which included two cases involving novel plagiarism.

　　In the case of copyright infringement between Zhu Ruyue and a publishing company limited, Luo Mou and a publishing media group limited, Zhu Ruyue believed that the first to ninth chapters in The Legend of Hailanzhu were the creation of the novel "Walking Alone in the World", and plagiarized in 17 main plots, 10 general plots and many sentences, so he sued the court. After trial, the court held that judging from the similar main plot, general plot and sentence length of the two works, it is not within reasonable limits to combine the overall expression ratio of the works. Luo and a publishing company were sentenced to stop publishing infringing books, apologize and compensate economic losses (including reasonable expenses for rights protection) of 70,000 yuan.

　　The reporter combed the public information and found that the author accused of "melting stalks" often argued that it did not constitute plagiarism on the grounds that "similar content and plot belong to the public domain material category or customary expression".

　　In this regard, Xie Yujia explained with cases that in literary works, it usually involves the identification of "specific situation", "limited expression" and "public domain material". When considering whether the works and contents formed on the basis of using specific situations, limited expressions and public domain materials are protected by copyright law, we should focus on judging whether the author has added original wisdom expressions to give original meaning to related achievements. If the content of the relevant work is enough to be regarded as a concrete expression, the burden of proof lies with the defendant as to whether it belongs to a specific situation or not.

　　Wang Zhengzhi believes that for the new phenomenon in the field of literary creation, the past methods of infringement judgment are facing many difficulties in application, and the court urgently needs to explore and form appropriate judgment rules and methods to accurately identify the behavior of "melting stalks" in specific circumstances, which can neither make the author unreasonably monopolize the public domain elements, nor make the word "melting stalks" an excuse for plagiarists to evade legal responsibility, and make legal weapons a reliable way for original authors to protect their rights, so that plagiarists dare not use "melting stalks" as an excuse.

　　In Xu Yaoming’s view, the existence of the dispute of "melting stalks" is in the final analysis the existence of plagiarism. Plagiarism in online literature should be tackled from the source, that is, the original platform of online literature should earnestly shoulder the responsibility, strengthen the examination of online novels, and provide a harmonious and healthy atmosphere for writers and readers at the platform level. With the deep application of artificial intelligence, big data and algorithms in the field of copyright protection, it is expected to strengthen source governance through technical means in the future. At the same time, the state and relevant departments should do a good job in legislative norms and guidance, and take measures to ban the bad network authors who have repeatedly involved plagiarism.

　　Yue Shenshan believes that there should be a dividing line between "melting stalks" and plagiarism, and plagiarism can be recognized beyond this line. However, due to the particularity of literary and artistic creation and the lag of law, there is no such clear distinction standard in the field of copyright infringement. The anti-plagiarism special fund also hopes to popularize copyright-related knowledge and advocate public respect for copyright and intellectual copyright by helping and dismantling some typical cases.

　　Xie Yujia told reporters that in recent years, the courts have strictly implemented measures related to intellectual property protection, increased compensation for infringement damages, actively studied and handled new types of cases, and effectively protected the legitimate rights and interests of copyright owners. "Under the new industrial changes and the rapid development of the digital economy, new problems in the field of copyright emerge one after another. We will continue to improve the trial level of copyright disputes through the summary of case adjudication experience. "　

　　After reconciliation with Qualcomm, Apple will support the 5G iPhone or launch it in 2020. In addition to Qualcomm’s possible provision of 5G modem chips for Apple, Samsung may become another supplier of 5G chips for Apple in a specific market.

　　Guo Ming, an analyst known as the "Oracle of Apple", made this prediction in his latest report.

　　According to the technology website MacRumors reported on April 22nd, Apple has been committed to diversifying its supply chain to reduce risks, improve the company’s bargaining power and reduce costs. Many suppliers compete on price, which can help Apple ensure the profit of orders.

　　Guo Ming’s report said: "After the patent dispute between Apple and Qualcomm ended, the two sides signed a six-year patent license agreement, which means that the new 2H20 iPhone model will support 5G, and Qualcomm and Samsung are potential suppliers of 5G straps."

　　On April 16th, US time, Apple and Qualcomm reached a settlement agreement, and both parties withdrew their legal proceedings worldwide. According to the press release made public by both parties, the settlement agreement includes an unknown amount of money paid by Apple to Qualcomm, and the two companies have also reached a six-year license agreement, which will take effect on April 1, 2019, including a two-year extension option and a multi-year chipset supply agreement. Subsequently, Intel announced its withdrawal from the manufacturing of 5G modem chips.

　　Guo Ming’s report commented on this: "The market is worried that Intel’s disappointing research and development of 5G lace-up chips may be the biggest uncertainty factor for Apple’s 2H20 iPhone model to apply 5G, but we believe that this uncertainty has been eliminated after Apple and Qualcomm terminated the patent dispute and reached a six-year chip patent licensing agreement, and Intel announced its withdrawal from the 5G lace-up chip business."

　　According to the above report, besides Qualcomm, Samsung may become another supplier of 5G chips for Apple in a specific market.

　　According to the report, "We expect Apple to adopt Qualcomm’s 5G lacing chip in the mmWave market and Samsung in the Sub-6GHz market, thus reducing supply risks, reducing costs and improving bargaining power."

　　Guo Ming believes that 5G will be a boon to iPhone sales and Apple’s supply chain in 2020. He predicts that the total iPhone shipments in 2020 may reach 195-200 million units, including 70-75 million 5G models launched in the second half of 2020.

Maybe you, like Xiaobian, learned the good news of Hao Ran’s younger brother’s successful exam compilation at the first time?

Some netizens found that Haoran Liu’s name was prominently listed in the public notice of China Coal Mine Cultural and Art Troupe’s public recruitment for the personnel to be hired in 2020. At the same time, Haoran Liu promoted the drama "Love Helan" in a new identity: "Hello, I’m Haoran Liu from China Coal Mine Art Troupe".

After graduation, he successfully tested and compiled the get iron rice bowl, and Haoran Liu was absolutely outstanding in capitalization. As a young student born after 1995, Haoran Liu can be seen in many well-known film and television works. Unlike many stars who have been grinding their swords for many years before meeting Bole’s appreciation, Haoran Liu’s debut has an unreachable starting point for many people.

He made his official debut through the film Beijing Love Story, in which he played Song Ge. With this film, Haoran Liu won the Best Newcomer in the 21st Beijing University Student Film Festival, and the appearance of a young man in the film won him unanimous praise from the audience.

Detective chinatown is another classic of Haoran Liu after Beijing Love Story. In the film, he plays opposite Wang Baoqiang, Tong Liya, Michael Chen and others, with frequent highlights, and the audience is often amused by this pair of tell it to the judge, Tang Ren (Wang Baoqiang) and Qin Feng (Haoran Liu).

Haoran Liu has also appeared in many film and television works, such as The Great Cause of Building the Army, The Legend of the Demon Cat and The Mysterious Record of Kyushu. His progress in acting is obvious to all.

During the National Day this year, "Get Home at One Point" starring Haoran Liu was shown in major cinemas. The film tells the story of three young people with different personalities on their way back to Yunnan’s Millennium ancient village from a big city, opening a unique entrepreneurial process. In the end, the box office of the film broke 300 million, which was also the opening film of the 35th Hundred Flowers Award.

Not only that, Haoran Liu also became the first post-1995 actor to star in a film with a cumulative box office of over 10 billion yuan, and the ninth actor to break 10 billion yuan in a Chinese film (the top eight were Jason Wu, Bo Huang, Zhang Yi, Du Jiang, Deng Chao, Shen Teng, Oho Ou and Wang Baoqiang). From "Beijing Love Story" to "detective chinatown", Haoran Liu constantly honed his acting skills, breaking through himself and constantly bringing surprises to the audience.

In fact, like Haoran Liu, there are many "slash youths" who learn to film with both hands. While doing their jobs well, they also unlock cross-disciplinary related skills.

Victoria Song: Actors and singers are full of skills.

He used to be the captain of Korean pop group f(x). Before returning to China, Victoria Song had released a considerable number of albums and gained a certain popularity. Victoria Song, who was born in a non-professional class, is also talented in acting. He has appeared in TV series such as Love Breaking Into the Door, Beautiful Secret, Fantasy City, and I don’t know what’s in my heart. Victoria Song has gained recognition from more and more audiences and won a good reputation for participating in film and television works.

In "The Next Stop is Happiness", Victoria Song and Song Weilong form a "cp in the New Year", and there are many sweet interactions that make people instantly possessed by lemon essence. Who doesn’t want to have such a happy fairy love?

Needless to say, Victoria Song, who was born in a women’s group, is a dancer. As one of the hot-blooded conveners of Hot-blooded Street Dance Troupe, Victoria Song’s stage performance is no less than that of professional players, and the bursting opening shows the unique dance style of the female convener. "Creation Camp 2020" is another draft variety with Victoria Song as the mentor. Every stage performance is amazing enough, and coach Qian, who is excellent in typhoon, is a unique landscape on the stage.

YiBo: A motorcyclist delayed by acting.

Actor, host, skateboard, singer, motorcyclist and all-rounder YiBo really hammered! After making his debut as a member of the UNIQ group, YiBo starred with Yao Chen, Tang Yan, Hao Lei and Jerry Lee in the movie Dream Partner, and later became one of the members of Everyday Brothers in Everyday, acting as the host.

As we all know, YiBo has a soft spot for motorcycles, and he can be seen in all kinds of motorcycle competitions. He once said in the program that "the competition is not handsome, only speed", and his love for motorcycles is completely beyond words.

YiBo’s advantage in dance is obvious. As the dance instructor of Creation 101, YiBo personally demonstrated the theme song in the program, and some playful and lovely movements appeared in the performance without any sense of disobedience. The dance with strong personal style also won unanimous praise from people in the venue.

Guo Qilin: The Hidden Slash Youth

His father was Degang Guo, and his master was Yu Qian. Guo Qilin, a new cross talk star, made an extraordinary debut. Apart from cross talk, Guo Qilin is also gifted in comedy. He once participated in the comedy variety "Happy Comedian Season 2", and the audience remembered this boy who looks very comic.

In the hit drama Joy of Life, Guo Qilin plays the role of Fan Sizhe. Although this role looks silly in appearance, it is not negligent in money. The image of contrast Meng is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and Fan Sizhe’s actions in the play are often unbearable.

In addition, Guo Qilin joined the "Running Season 4" and formed a "Brothers Group" with Ryan, KUN and others. The interaction between Guo Qilin, the "big miss" of Deyun Society, and several idols makes a group of fans crazy about cp every day, and they all express their desire to exchange roles with Guo Qilin.

Zhao Wei: Acting well leads.

In "Actor in Place", Zhao Wei bluntly said that Nikki was "really melodramatic" when he cried from the play to the outside. From a fledgling "Joan Girl" to a respectful name of "Wei Director", Zhao Wei’s road to performing arts is wonderful and legendary.

If two dramas, Princess Pearl and Deep Rain, make Zhao Wei one of the most popular flowers, then To Our Dying Youth shows the audience Zhao Wei’s unique directing style. The movie’s final box office was 726 million, which was a good start for Zhao Wei, who became a director for the first time.

In addition to transforming from an actor to a director, Zhao Wei and her husband, Huang Youlong, jointly acquired the Monroe Winery, and they have some insights in the field of red wine and know how to invest. Text /Sissy

2023 Foshan 50 km hiking activity

It will be held on Saturday, April 1st.

Countdown two days

Are you ready?

In order to ensure the safe, orderly and smooth holding of the event

Warm reminder to the majority of hiking participants.

Make hiking arrangements in advance and do what you can.

For the 50 km hiking in Foshan.

Create a civilized and harmonious atmosphere

Tu Tu, the mascot, gives a warm reminder!

1. According to the latest weather forecast predicted by Foshan Meteorological Observatory, Foshan is cloudy with showers on cloudy days on the day of the event, with heavy rain in some areas, and the temperature is 18-23 degrees. Please bring your own raincoat, try not to wear an umbrella, free your hands, and the raincoat should not be too long to ensure convenient movement. Please continue to pay attention to the weather changes in Foshan on the day of the event to avoid being at a loss when unexpected situations occur.

2. Please actively practice the new trend of green and low-carbon travel, try to take public transport and avoid riding bicycles, motorcycles and other auxiliary means of transport to the endorsement point.

3. Walking through many parks, greenways and riverbanks, pay attention to the environment. There are fewer garbage cans along the suburban road. Please bring your own garbage bags, walk without leaving traces, and be civilized hiking participants.

4. Do not bring pets to participate in hiking activities.

5. All vehicles (including bicycles, motorcycles and other auxiliary vehicles) are prohibited from entering the hiking routes and areas during the 50-kilometer hiking activities (except ambulances performing emergency medical rescue tasks).

6. Citizens who take their children on foot should take care of them, and don’t let them out of their sight to avoid getting lost.

7. During the 50 km hiking activity, no banners or slogans may be displayed or pulled in the hiking area (route) without permission.

8. Hiking fitness safety comes first. When passing through river banks, narrow roads and crowded sections during hiking, please pay attention to slow down and queue up to pass in turn.

9. During hiking, you must strictly abide by the traffic rules. When passing through the urban section, please take the sidewalk and zebra crossing. Please pay attention to the passing vehicles on the mixed road section.

10. If you feel unwell, you can call the service hotline at 0757-83398339 and 120.

Please keep this hiking guide!

▼ Equipment guide

Necessary materials: communication equipment, food and water, garbage bags, personal medicines, etc.

◆ Reference materials: backpacks, hiking shoes, quick-drying sportswear, hats, raincoats, headscarves, headlights or flashlights, trekking poles, sunscreen, personal hygiene products, commonly used drugs, anti-mosquito products, etc.

▼ Road guide

◆ Please pay attention to safety during hiking, and follow the road volunteers, signboards and route tracks to avoid getting lost.

▼ Instructions for withdrawal

◆ Each endorsement point is provided with a door opening and closing time. When you arrive at the sign-in point after closing time, you must withdraw by yourself, and you cannot continue to go. Please do what you can, cherish your health, focus on participation, and choose to withdraw according to your own situation.

▼ Forced Descending Description

◆ Due to the failure to reach the check-in point within the time limit during the activity, there will be potential safety hazards such as no guidance and no guarantee during the hiking. In order to ensure the safety of the participants, the organizer will set mandatory evacuation according to the site conditions. If the participants refuse to withdraw, the consequences are at their own risk.

◆ In case of severe weather such as rainstorm and lightning, in order to ensure the safety of participants, the organizer will set mandatory evacuation according to the site conditions. Please follow the instructions of the on-site staff, evacuate as soon as possible without gathering, and evacuate in an orderly manner, such as not using an umbrella on the river bank or hiding in a tent. If the participants refuse to withdraw, the consequences are at their own risk.

▼ replenishment reminder

◆ Applicants must bring enough food, water and emergency supplies.

◆ Supplies such as drinking water at each check-in point. At that time, you can get free drinking water supply at each endorsement point with the hiking witness book.

◆ Based on the principle of environmental protection, no disposable drinking water cups will be provided. Please bring your own water containers to contribute to environmental protection.

▼ Safety reminder

◆ Personal safety: Some sections are isolated, please walk together.

◆ Line self-navigation: The number of volunteers on the road is limited, and there are no volunteers to guide the way at some intersections. Participants need to use the relevant APP for self-navigation according to the trajectory.

▼ Road travel tips

◆ It is forbidden to enter inactive lines and motor vehicle lanes during activities.

◆ Strictly observe the traffic rules during the activity.

◆ During the event, the traffic light intersection will proceed in strict accordance with the traffic police or indicator light.

◆ The travel route and direction during the activity shall be subject to the guidance of volunteers.

▼ Walking safety

Please obey the traffic rules and don’t run the red light. Take the sidewalk and zebra crossing, don’t take the driveway, don’t cross the road to cut corners, don’t just walk with your head down when hiking, pay more attention to your position and direction.

◆ Try to walk with your teammates, at least two people walk together, keep a certain speed, and rest with your peers. Please walk together in remote and dark sections, and don’t be alone.

◆ When you are sleepy on foot, pay attention to rest in time to avoid accidents caused by mental trance.

▼ Environmental protection

◆ Do not litter, pack self-produced garbage and take it to the trash can for throwing.

◆ Try not to use disposable items, such as disposable chopsticks, lunch boxes and water cups.

◆ Don’t make noise and make trouble, disturb the citizens and disturb the rest of others. If there is any violation of environmental protection, please stop it with gentle words.

▼ Line information

Pay attention to the latest information released by official WeChat official account, such as Foshan Daily, Foshan Publishing, Foshan +APP, Foshan Culture, Radio, Film, Tourism and Sports Bureau, and get to know the endorsement points, the specific location of the starting and ending points, the activity map and the download route track in advance.

Original title: "About Foshan 50 km hiking, must read before departure! 》

Read the original text

"Noble in Fruit" cherries are at least seventy or eighty per catty … Why is it so expensive? Isn’t a relatively cheap cherry not fragrant?

Compared with cherries, cherries do have many advantages. For example, the taste of cherry is sweet and sour, while cherries are pure sweet; For another example, the flesh of cherries is tight and super satisfying to bite, but cherries are thin and soft, and their appearance is not as attractive as cherries.

▲ Attractive cherries, big, crisp and sweet. Graph/network

Aside from the taste and mouthfeel, the exotic name of cherries and its big and red appearance make you feel particularly attractive when you check out and give gifts. However, only you know the feeling of bleeding in your heart.

Cherries are so expensive, so I can’t eat cherries?

01　Why aren’t cherries called big cherries?

Let’s talk about whether cherries and cherries are the same thing.

Taxonomically speaking, cherries and cherries belong to.Sakura(Source: Flora of China). Sakura? Yes, they are all.The fruit of cherry trees.Cherry trees are cherry trees that can enjoy cherry blossoms in spring, but many tree species that enjoy flowers have been cultivated to produce edible fruits.

This classification is actually not unusual, because from the appearance, cherries seem to be large cherries. Then why don’t cherries be called big cherries?

In the official name of cherry, there is indeed the word cherry, and its species name is European sweet cherry.As the name implies, it is not native to China. Besides sweet cherries, there are sour cherries in Europe. Because sour cherries are too sour, few people like to eat them, so they are mostly used to make jam or dessert, such as cherry pie.

▲ Cherry pie. Graph/network

When the European sweet cherry was introduced to China for the first time, in order to distinguish it from the cherry native to China, the American Cherry Association directly transliterated the European sweet cherry into the name Cherry with its English name "cherries".

Cherry, like cherries, is just a customary name.There are two kinds of cherries growing in China: China cherry and Prunus tomentosa.In fact, similar "small" cherries are also distributed abroad, and some people eat them. However, if they are shipped to China, they are uncompetitive in taste, difficult to store and keep fresh, and they have to pay expensive transportation fees. No one will do such a loss-making business.

▲ Shandong Wulian’s stupid cherry is a very sweet one among domestic cherries. Figure/"Scenery China Zhi Wu Lian"

So,Cherry and cherry are actually different species, but in essence, they both belong to cherry.Of course, this cherry is a plant classification, not what we usually mean by cherry.

Cherry PK cherries are delicious and expensive.

After talking about the things on the noodles, let’s take a look at Lier.Is the nutrition of cherries really worthy of its price?

▲ Comparison of nutritional components between cherries and cherries. Cartography/Zhang Yuchen

From the data point of view, the nutrient content of cherries and cherries is almost the same.In some indicators, such as the contents of vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid), cherries are even better than cherries.

On the other hand, cherries only make people who lose weight "smell the color change"Carbohydrate is better than others.The so-called carbohydrates in fruit ingredients are mainly dietary fiber and sugar. Although the dietary fiber of cherries is as much as 2.1 grams, more than 90% of the remaining 13.9 grams of carbon water is sugar (12.8 grams). No wonder the calories of cherries are higher than those of cherries.

▲ Bright red cherries. Figure/vision china

It should be pointed out that the sugar content of cherries shown here is higher than that of cherries, which is not directly related to the fact that cherries are sweeter than cherries, because cherries are sour in addition to sweetness. The sweetness of cherries is only 16 or 7, and it can reach 23 or 24, which is already the top. Now some cherry varieties cultivated in China have a sweetness of 29.9, which is one head higher than cherries, but they still taste so sour and sweet.

Although cherries and cherries are sweet, they are suitable for diabetics, probably because anthocyanins in them inhibit the activity of digestive enzymes, and their pectin content is also high, which can delay the digestion and absorption of sugar.

In fact, even if you know that cheaper cherries are even better in nutritional value than cherries, you also know that cherries are high in calories and sugar, and they are easier to get fat after eating, but you can’t help but reach out to cherries in the end. After all, it is really delicious!

▲ Everything, a twist, a bite, a few dollars is gone. Graph/network

After the internal competition, let’s see what special advantages the cherry family has compared with other fruits.

Compared with apples and pears which are relatively close to the people in the market, the cherry family has completely crushed its rivals in almost every data, especially in vitamin A and potassium, and it can even lead its rivals several times.

▲ Just as it is obviously a cherry but changed its name to cherries as a brand, Apple also made up the "false propaganda" of "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" in order to promote itself. In fact, the nutrition of apples is not as high as I thought. Figure /rawpixel.com

However, when the fruit orange, which is also close to the people, came on stage, the cherry family was defeated. The content of vitamin A and vitamin C in oranges is 2.3 times and 3.5 times that of cherries, and various trace elements are not equal to those in the cherry family, but the potassium content of oranges is slightly half that of cherries (128 mg per 100 g versus 232 mg per 100 g).

▲ No fruit can "unify the world", and it is best to eat some of each. Figure /rawpixel.com

Although the potassium content of the cherry family is high, it is not impossible to be replaced by other people-friendly fruits. For example, the potassium content of bananas is higher than that of the cherry family (256 mg per 100 grams). Does this mean that if I spend a few dollars to buy an orange and bananas, I can beat the cherries bought for dozens of dollars?

That’s true. It’s a pity that your taste buds are not dry! Tomatoes are nutritious, but I don’t know how expensive they are. Price and nutrition are not related in themselves.

03　Why is "cherry freedom" so difficult?

Why are cherries more expensive than cherries? Middlemen earn the difference!

How much is the Chilean cherries we usually eat in Chile? Last year, someone posted a picture on the internet, which said 1000 pesos a kilogram, which is 8.6 yuan! Are you surprised?

▲ cherries are being sold at stalls in Chile. Graph/network

Whether these news are true or not, in short, they are enough to illustrate that the processing fee and freight of cherries are expensive. Of course, cherries themselves are not cheap, otherwise, when people make up stories for Washington, why should they let him cut down cherry trees? Because cherry trees are precious!

▲ Washington has not cut down cherry trees, but it is true that Europeans and Americans like cherries. The picture shows "Cherry Time" painted by Italian painter Salvador Postiglione. Figure /Wikipedia

Cherry’s body is good, and its compact flesh makes it able to withstand the long-distance transportation. But after all, the origin of cherries in China is far away from Wan Li, so the exported fruits will quickly enter the cold chain after picking to keep fresh, which is why cherries in our supermarket are full, pleasant, bright and attractive.

▲ Delicious cherries can make all kinds of food. Figure /rawpixel.com

Compared with cherries, the soft and tender China cherries are much more fragile, and will rot with a little bump. Before the Tang Dynasty, cherries were too difficult to transport, so they could only be "tasted under the tree" and never popularized. In the Tang Dynasty, because the emperors liked to eat cherries, this kind of fruit, which never came out of the world, became a LV—— in fruit-eating cherries became a symbol of status.

In the Tang dynasty, cherries were planted in Chang’ an, but the yield was not high, precisely because things are rare and expensive.The palace ministers are all proud of receiving the cherry from the emperor.Bai Juyi, for example, wrote a poem entitled "Grateful for the cherry plaything with the old people in Yang Er Sheren Pavilion". The name of this poem is so long, as if he was afraid that others would not know that it was a royal gift.

After the Tang Dynasty, the existence of cherries remained high. Su Shi, a well-known foodie, wrote that "Mai Lao Cherry is ripe", Xin Qiji wrote that "bitter bamboo shoots and cherries are just in time", and Lu You wrote that "cherry cheese is tasted new", which makes people drool. However, no matter how good the cherry is, if you don’t live near the place of origin, or if you are a dignitary, I’m afraid you won’t enjoy it. Today, after the maturity of cold chain logistics, it is possible to consume cherries on a large scale.

▲ "Cherry Oriole Map", Song, anonymous.

Cherries are delicious, and we can cultivate them ourselves. Since 1980s, China has introduced many sweet cherry varieties from abroad for hybridization and cultivation, and cultivated famous varieties such as Meizao, Hongguang, Huangmi and Brooks, all of which are big and sweet domestic cherries.

▲ Domestic big cherry with yellow honey. Graph/network

From May to June every year, domestic cherries begin to be listed in large quantities. Because of the low transportation cost, the price is relatively close to the people. These domestic cherries are an excellent opportunity for everyone to realize "freedom of cherries"!

[Disclaimer] The texts, pictures, audio and video that are not marked with "Source: Upstream News-chongqing morning post" or "Upstream News LOGO" on the upstream news client are all reposted. If the reposted manuscript involves copyright issues, please contact the upstream news.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:Yesterday (20th), the Australian Parliament quickly passed a law in one day: extending the maximum sentence for the crime of polluting food from 10 years to 15 years. The reason for this is that there have been frequent incidents of hidden sewing needles in fruits such as strawberries in Australia recently.

　　　　　　 Last week, Queensland police received the first report of strawberry needle hiding. A 21-year-old man was sent to hospital after eating strawberries containing needles. Subsequently, in many states, such as New South Wales, Tasmania and South Australia, the strawberry pulp sold in supermarkets contained needles or other sharp metal objects. At present, Australia has received more than 100 reports of needles hidden in strawberries. Eating strawberries and eating sewing needles actually sounds a bit scary.

　　　　　　 Strawberry Tibetan needle witnesses tell horror experiences

　　　　　　 Jason, a 9-year-old boy, had this nightmare when he was eating strawberries not long ago. At that time, he almost ate a needle in his stomach. He opened his mouth and took out the needle. Jason’s experience really made his mother sweat. "This is hurting children. What these people have done is disgusting!" "

　　　　　　 A man swallowed the needle in strawberry pulp and finally had to be hospitalized. "It’s shocking. I ate a strawberry, but I didn’t expect to be hospitalized."

　　　　　　 Strawberries were hit hard by the off-shelf industry.

　　　　　　 The incident of hiding needles in strawberries has obviously aroused the anxiety and panic of the Australian people. According to Australian media reports, many supermarkets in Australia have taken strawberries off the shelves as a preventive measure, and some strawberry brands have been recalled nationwide. One of the two major food distributors in New Zealand has removed Australian strawberries from the shelves, and some importers in Britain, Russia and other countries have stopped importing Australian strawberries. An Australian supermarket chain even announced that sewing needles would be removed from the shelves for the sake of customers’ safety. Not only that, farmers had to dump or destroy thousands of tons of strawberries because the price of strawberries fell sharply or even fell below the cost price.

　　　　　　 Paulo silva, a member of the Strawberry Planting Association of Western Australia, said: "For us strawberry growers, it is a disaster for the whole industry. Because consumer confidence was frustrated, a large number of orders were cancelled. "

　　　　　　 Police: Or employees of fruit manufacturers.

　　　　　　 How can there be a sewing needle in the pulp of a good strawberry? According to the analysis of the Australian police after a preliminary investigation, the "strawberry hidden needle" may be the work of some disgruntled fruit factory employees, with the purpose of intentionally hurting people. As the incident continued, the police also suspected that someone might be deliberately imitating it, which made the incident wave after wave.

　　　　　　 The Australian newspaper recently reported that the police in New South Wales arrested a teenager after a large number of investigations. The boy will be reprimanded and punished for the "mischief" of hiding needles in strawberries. The police said that the boy’s behavior should be an imitation of a prank.

　　　　　　 What’s even more worrying is that this incident is still spreading. The fruits found with needles are not only strawberries, but also apples, bananas and mangoes. A girl in New South Wales, Australia, ate a needle while eating an apple, according to the No.18 police report. The police are currently investigating this incident.

　　　　　　 Australian Prime Minister: The perpetrators of fruit hidden needles will be severely punished.

　　　　　　 At present, Australia has started the investigation procedure and is looking for the real murderer behind the "strawberry hidden needle". Australian Prime Minister Morrison said on the 19th that strawberry needle collectors are "cowards" and "pests", and anyone who tries this behavior will be severely punished.

　　　　　　 The government offered a reward for information about solving the case.

　　　　　　 In addition to extending the maximum sentence of food pollution crime to 15 years, Australian Attorney General christian porter was quoted as saying that the government is considering imposing a maximum sentence of 10 years’ imprisonment on those malicious imitators.

　　　　　　 At present, NSW, Queensland and Western Australia have announced a reward of 100,000 Australian dollars (about 500,000 yuan), hoping that the public can provide relevant information that will help solve the case.

　　　　　　 At the same time, in order to help the battered strawberry industry, Queensland promised to provide 1 million Australian dollars (about 5 million yuan) to help strawberry growers who suffered losses. Some businesses in Western Australia have installed metal testers to detect boxed strawberries. Australian Prime Minister Morrison and Health Minister Greg Hunt encouraged people to continue to buy strawberries, but they should take preventive measures and cut them before eating.

　　The TV series "The Legend of the Red Shadow of Shan Hai Jing" starring Hans Zhang and Gulnazar is being broadcasted. In fact, the fantasy Xianxia film and television drama triggered by the super IP of Shan Hai Jing has been very hot. On the other hand, there are four "Kyushu" film and television works being produced, and the oriental fantasy world built by "Kyushu" has always been very concerned. A few days ago, the TV series "Kyushu, Pasturing Clouds on the Sea" released a pilot trailer, and many netizens said that "the plot is very burning and I am looking forward to it."

　　In a list of writers released at the end of March, fantasy literature exploded. The bestseller of fantasy works is a phenomenon that exists all over the world. For example, in Europe and America, books and TV dramas of The Lord of the Rings and Harry Potter continue to be popular. In the context of the large-scale film and television of China’s fantasy novels, people are also looking forward to seeing China’s version of The Lord of the Rings on the screen.

　　Planning: Zhou Yuwen/Guangzhou Daily reporter Zhang Suqin

　　Writers construct the oriental fantasy world.

　　The fantasy world of "nine States and six races"

　　"Kyushu" is an oriental fantasy world constructed by network writers. The first seven authors were called "Seven Gods of Kyushu". Since 2002, they have set the basic rules, geography and race of Kyushu, and set up a fantastic aerial world with "nine states and six races". Later, a series of works were born: The Mysterious Record of Kyushu in the south of the Yangtze River, The Legend of Feather, The Story of Kyushu’s Sea Pasturing Clouds, and Pan Haitian. "Kyushu" has more than 40 novels and hundreds of short stories. These novels have grown up with a generation and once represented the highest level of fantasy in China.

　　Nowadays, with the upsurge of "IP" adaptation, many "Kyushu" novels have been filmed. At present, there are at least four "Kyushu" film and television works being produced: the TV series "Kyushu, Pasturing Clouds on the Sea", the TV series "Kyushu’s Vague Record", the online drama "Kyushu Sky City" and the movie version of "Hua Xu Yin" — — Biography of the shark pearl.

　　Four "Kyushu" film and television works are being produced.

　　Kyushu: The Story of Pasturing Clouds on the Sea

　　All-star lineup

　　The oriental magical epic TV series "Kyushu, Pasturing Clouds on the Sea" is being shot. This drama is the first strong film and television presentation of Kyushu series, and the investment is said to reach 300 million yuan. The play was produced by Kyushu DreamWorks, directed by Cao Dun and starring Huang Xuan, Shawn Dou, Wang Qianyuan, Zhou Yiwei, LULU, Janice Man and Karlina. In the pilot announcement released at the end of March, the All-Star team made its first collective appearance. The land of Kyushu is surging, and the temples and rivers and lakes are competing for glory. The picture is textured and the pattern is magnificent. In the preview, the tonality trend, role relationship and Kyushu pattern of the play gradually became clear.

　　It is reported that in order to present the ideal effect, the crew shot many times and tried to make every frame perfect. Wang Heran, the producer and chief producer of the play, said that "The Story of Kyushu’s Pasturing Clouds on the Sea" was a respectful step towards the international first-class production standard. Some netizens said: "After watching the trailer of" Kyushu, Pasturing Clouds on the Sea ",this costume is really conscience. The director Cao Dun is engaged in photography, and the picture can be expected. Now I have participated in the screenwriter, and the original work should be kept well. I feel that it will become a conscience drama like nirvana in fire. "

　　Kyushu Sky City

　　13 starring Gao Yan values

　　On March 23, the oriental fantasy online drama "Kyushu Sky City" was completed. The play was jointly produced by Penguin Film and Shanghai Film Universal Asia.

　　In the first batch of custom-made posters released before, 13 high-profile stars including Ruoyun Zhang, Guan Xiaotong, Liu Chang, kiku and Chen Ruoxuan all appeared, with fresh and beautiful styles. The fantasy style with unique oriental ancient rhyme, with youthful and agile wings, perfectly presents the extraordinary style of "the land of the sky city". The use of key elements such as stars, golden wings, swords and organs, which are unique to the role, also reveals the peaceful surface and undercurrent behind the feather and Terran. The play is directed by Yang Lei, with Jialin Chen and visual director Lu Beike joining in.

　　Sky City in Kyushu has no novel foundation, but a new story based on the framework of Kyushu. This "IP" also includes games and novel projects. Tang Que, the author of "Kyushu", will write a novel version simultaneously. This summer, this online drama will meet with you.

　　Preparation of "Kyushu misty record"

　　On February 29th, Beijing Linglong Culture, founded by writer Jiangnan, held a press conference in Beijing, announcing that in 2016, it will be deeply cultivated in the field of film and television, and Jiangnan’s representative works "Kyushu Misty Record" and "Dragon" will be filmed. It is reported that the TV series "Kyushu Misty Record" is under preparation, and the producer has been identified as Ning Meng Film. The company was founded in 2014 and produced "Lonely and Empty Spring". Jiangnan will be the chief screenwriter of the TV series.

　　Biography of shark’s pearl

　　The film version of Hua Xu Yin

　　At the end of March, Shanghai Film Global Asia started filming "Biography of the Shark Pearl", which is the film version of "Hua Xu Yin". "Hua Xu Yin" is not so much a work of "Kyushu" as a fantastic romance in the style of Qi Tang. Ciwen Media produced a TV series in 2015, starring Kevin Cheng and Rulu. The Biography of Shark Beads is starred by Darren Wang, the hero of My Girlhood, and Crystal, who has recently become a big hit. Producer Chen Jiashang, also director Yang Lei.

　　In addition, there is a big wave of "Kyushu" series of film and television dramas on the road. As early as June 2014, Shanghai Film Universal Asia Company indicated that it would launch a series of Kyushu IP movies and TV shows. At that time, it signed a total of 10 Kyushu works, including the Legend of Feather, The Story of Kyushu’s Pasturing Clouds on the Sea, Pan Haitian’s Tiefu Tu, Tang Que’s Star Mark, Endless Nagato, Mourning Wings, etc. "Kyushu" film and television has since embarked on a new journey.

　　What are the prospects?

　　The original powder is expected to be made into China’s The Lord of the Rings.

　　In a list of writers released at the end of March, fantasy literature exploded, and fantasy writers occupied the top four seats in the top 10 list. Jiangnan, the author of Dragon, topped the summit again, with Leo Phantom, the author of Charles IX, ranking second, and Zheng Yuanjie, the "fairy tale king". It is a worldwide phenomenon that fantasy works sell best. For example, in Europe and America, the best-selling books are The Lord of the Rings and Harry Potter.

　　General Chen Jia is the producer of "The Legend of the Pearl". In an interview with the media, he once said: "The Kyushu series is so precise and meticulously developed. I was very shocked after seeing it. This has never happened before." He is very confident in the film and television of Kyushu, because behind him is a "powerful ‘ Kyushu fans ’ Team "to make this film. "I attach great importance to localized things, and I look forward to ‘ Kyushu ’ I can go overseas and expect overseas people to see that we China people also have a fantasy world. "

　　The original team is both looking forward to and worried.

　　The original team of "Kyushu" novels is both looking forward to and worried about the film. Pan Haitian said that the works of the "Creators" for more than ten years can finally be made into movies, and I am looking forward to it; On the other hand, I am also worried that the increasing hardcore fans of Kyushu for more than ten years will be dissatisfied with the film. For Jin Hezhen and Tang Que, they are very much looking forward to their own novels being adapted, which not only have enough voice, but also have a professional screenwriter team to create together.

　　Some netizens said that there are The Lord of the Rings abroad, we have Kyushu World, Harry Potter abroad, and now we also have Dragon. There are many great authors and works full of oriental imagination in China, and all we need is the big environment and industrial chain to keep up.

　　The road to exploration is bound to be difficult.

　　The road to exploration is bound to be difficult. Some netizens said: "The fantasy world of the East should be based on the oriental culture, otherwise it will be rootless and unsustainable." Novels are like this, and so are film and television dramas.

　　The greatness of a work lies in that the world he creates can make the audience and readers want to stop, and Kyushu is like this. In the eyes of many fans of the original novel, the "Kyushu" series is likely to rival the works of the same level as The Lord of the Rings. After the early-adopter version of "The Story of the Sea Pasturing Clouds in Kyushu" was broadcast, some netizens said: "Although the authors of Kyushu series are different, the quality of the works is also mixed, and the copyright has been sold to different companies, I still hope to make China’s The Lord of the Rings and fire and ice through post-processing of film and television." Many netizens also put forward expectations for the film and television of "Kyushu": "I hope to respect the original work, the actors are superb, and the special effects are worthy of the conscience of the industry."

　　Shan Hai Jing, an ancient book before Qin Dynasty, became a super IP.

　　Hold up half of the fantasy Xianxia film and television drama

　　At present, the large-scale fantasy idol drama "The Legend of the Red Shadow of Shan Hai Jing" starring Hans Zhang and Gulnazar is being broadcasted on Hunan Satellite TV. Because it is based on the ancient legend "Shan Hai Jing", the play has attracted countless eyes since the beginning of shooting. In fact, with the inspiration of ancient books, Shan Hai Jing has become a typical super IP.

　　The TV series The Legend of the Red Shadow of Shan Hai Jing is based on Shan Hai Jing, and the most difficult thing to shoot this drama is to restore the scenes and monsters in the book. To this end, The Legend of the Red Shadow of the Classic of Mountains and Seas spared no expense to set up nearly a thousand different scenes, including the ethereal and fantastic ancient fairyland Taiping Palace, the magnificent palaces of the two countries and the battlefields of Qinglong and Suzaku, which were presented to the audience through the combination of real scenes and stunts. Although the lines and special effects of the play were spit out, it did not affect its popularity.

　　The movie "to the sky kingdom" has been finished, and the TV series is also in the hot shoot. The story also originated from Shan Hai Jing. The author Tang Qigongzi has always had a strong interest in ancient fairy tales. "Readers who have read to the sky kingdom can probably find some things in Shan Hai Jing, and I remember an enthusiastic reader picking out the place names, names and allusions involved in Shan Hai Jing one by one. I liked ancient fairy tales since I was a child. Later, I thought it would be fun to write a story by myself in this background, so I started writing. " Qingqiu in to the sky kingdom is a place name in Shan Hai Jing, also known as Qingqiu Country and Qingqiu Mountain, which has also been mentioned in documents such as Beginners’ Notes and Taiping Yulan in the Tang Dynasty. Qingqiu is an extremely rare and revered ancient god among the eight famines in the four seas — — Bai Qian, the heroine of the country ruled by the white fox with nine tails, is the daughter of the white emperor of the white fox family with nine tails. In this paper, besides the white emperor’s family, there are some immortals living in Qingqiu, such as the ancient tree fairy, the pine fairy, and the mountain beast like the gray wolf.

　　Last summer vacation, the TV series Hua Qiangu starring Zhao Liying and Wallace Huo once again set off a "Xianxia style", and many elements in the drama came from Shan Hai Jing. For example, the main places where the story happened are Changliu Mountain, Shushan, headed by Hua Qiangu, Shifang Artifact, Penglai, a hometown full of neon, and so on. It can be said that all the secrets of Hua Qiangu are in Shan Hai Jing.

　　In fact, as early as in many previous film and television dramas, the elements in Shan Hai Jing are not uncommon. The so-called "Where Xianxia is bound to be a mountain, there is no green hill and no fox." The Six Boundaries in The Legend of the Sword and the Chivalrous Man, swords of legends’s Yi and the Prince’s Changqin, Baili Tusu’s Xing Yun’s Ming Bird, Tsui Hark’s movie The Legend of Shushan, Stephen Chow’s Journey to the West to Demon the prototype of Pig and Friar Sand, and the villain Big BOSS Chaos &hellip in The Return of the Great Sage; … These are all from Shan Hai Jing, or have drawn inspiration from it. It can be said that a "Shan Hai Jing" has propped up more than half of the domestic fairy fantasy works.

　　Head comment　　

　　Can film and television dramas feed back the original novels?

　　Zhang suqin

　　The world of "Kyushu" began in 2002. The first seven authors, Jiangnan, Now Where, Pan Haitian, Remote Control, Miscellaneous Affairs, Saddle Cutting and Bubble, set the basic rules, geography and race of "Kyushu". Since then, with the birth and popularity of many works, the influence of "Kyushu" has been growing. However, the original authors have conflicts in company operation and world outlook setting. In 2007, Jiangnan went north to make their own magazines, and "Kyushu" split into "Northern Kyushu" and "Southern Kyushu". After that, the "Kyushu" series of works turned from prosperity to decline, and its decline once made fans sigh.

　　After many years, the "Kyushu" series has returned with the strength of film and television. Fans of the original novels are mostly looking forward to the film and television of the novel. They love Kyushu, the magical world of the East, and naturally hope to show it from multiple angles and see it from multiple channels.

　　At the same time, "Kyushu" film and television also undertakes the responsibility of circle new powder. The production of film and television plays has a great effect on the propaganda and dissemination of the original novel, which provides rich possibilities for the reconstruction of the original novel and will probably promote the original novel to become popular again.

　　Therefore, several fantasy works currently being produced are very important. If they are done well, they may be China’s version of The Lord of the Rings. If they are not done well, they may be a splash. Waste of the structure of "Kyushu" will hurt fans in the original world, and the film and television of the following "Kyushu" works will inevitably be affected, which will hinder the return of "Kyushu".