China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and the Central Bank recently publicly solicited opinions on the Measures for Capital Management of Commercial Banks (Draft for Comment). The new regulation is to implement the regulatory requirements of Basel III issued by the Basel Committee in 2017, with the goal of improving the risk management level of banks. The measures are planned to be formally implemented on January 1, 2024.

　　The impact of this new regulation on the bond market is not small. The data shows that commercial banks hold 69.1 trillion yuan of bonds, accounting for 55.30% of the scale of custody bonds, and are the largest institutions holding bonds in China. According to the reporter’s interview with people in the industry, on the whole, the new regulations adjust the bond risk weight coefficient, which is beneficial to commercial banks to reduce capital consumption, and generally benefits local government general bonds, investment-grade credit bonds, bad bank secondary capital bonds, and interbank deposit certificates of more than three months.

　　The willingness to hold local bonds and high-quality credit bonds may rise.

　　Wang Qiangsong, head of the financial research department of Nanyin, told CBN that the new regulations have the greatest impact on the bond market from several dimensions. First of all, the risk weight of local governments’ general bonds is lowered from 20% to 10%, and special bonds remain unchanged. The general bond revenue and expenditure of local governments are included in the general budget revenue and expenditure. Legally speaking, it is more appropriate to lower the risk weight.

　　By the end of 2022, the general debt of local governments was 1,438.96 billion yuan, and 86% of domestic local debt was held by commercial banks. It is estimated that the reduction of general debt risk weight will save banks 1,237.5 billion yuan (143,896 * 0.86 * 0.1). "Lowering the risk weight of general debt will provide space for commercial banks to increase their holdings of government debt and further support the medium and long-term expansion of government debt." He said.

　　In addition, the risk weight of investment-grade corporate bonds is lowered from 100% to 75%, and investment-grade companies are identified from eight specific indicators, such as operating risk, debt risk and profit level.

　　The agency predicts that most bonds issued by large central enterprises and listed companies will be recognized as investment-grade corporate bonds, but the number of urban investment bonds that can be included in this standard is small. This will help commercial banks to allocate high-quality credit bonds, improve the transaction depth of high-quality credit bonds and reduce financing costs.

　　The allocation of secondary capital bonds may decline.

　　Since the net value of wealth management products fluctuated greatly, the change of tier-2 capital bonds has received great attention. This new regulation has increased the risk weight of tier-2 capital bonds of banks from 100% to 150%, which also has a considerable impact on this asset class.

　　As of the beginning of February 2023, the balance of domestic banks’ tier 2 capital bonds was about 5.3 trillion yuan. "Adjusting the risk weight may cause an impact. It will be more difficult for banks to hold each other when issuing Tier 2 capital bonds, and banks will reduce their allocation and market liquidity will be weakened." Wang Qiangsong said.

　　Liao Zhiming, chief banking analyst of China Merchants Securities, told reporters: "The new regulations have adjusted the risk weight of tier-two capital bonds of banks, insurance and brokers to 150%, and TLAC (total loss absorption capacity) bonds are also 150%, compared with the current 100%. There is a big increase. The risk weight of tier-2 capital bonds increased in line with expectations, and the incremental impact was controllable. However, the key to follow-up depends on the growth of wealth management scale. "

　　Among the bank capital replenishment tools, secondary capital bonds and perpetual bonds are the main components, and the circulation has increased significantly in recent years. Earlier, tier-2 capital bonds were preferred assets held by banking financial subsidiaries. However, at one time, due to the fluctuation of bond market, the net value fluctuated greatly, which led to a sharp drop in prices caused by bond market selling and investor redemption. This also once caused the market to worry about wealth management or continue to reduce its holdings of tier 2 capital bonds.

　　Yu Jinxin, an analyst at Minsheng Securities, said earlier that all levels of capital of domestic commercial banks have corresponding supplementary tools, among which tier-2 capital bonds and perpetual bonds are significantly ahead, supplementing tier-2 capital and other tier-1 capital of banks respectively. In recent years, the issuance of secondary capital bonds and perpetual bonds has increased significantly. By the end of May 2022, the total stock scale reached 4.98 trillion yuan, of which the issuance scale of state-owned banks was dominant, and the number of urban and rural commercial banks was relatively high. "Although the new asset management regulations have brought new investment constraints to tier-2 capital bonds and perpetual bonds, the asset mismatch may still make these two types of bonds lack alternative assets. Therefore, we believe that the investment demand is still resilient, but there may be two changes. One is that the duration is moderately shortened, and the other is that the transaction attributes are enhanced."

　　Most viewpoints hold that, as far as Tier 2 capital bonds are concerned, although the scale growth of bank wealth management funds is still uncertain, the overall allocation of insurance funds may remain stable under the long-term gap between assets and liabilities and policy support.

　　The impact on bank capital adequacy ratio is limited.

　　Generally speaking, most institutions believe that the implementation of the new regulations has limited impact on the capital adequacy ratio of domestic commercial banks, and it is expected that the capital adequacy ratio of banks will be slightly improved due to the reduction of the credit risk weight of investment-grade enterprises.

　　The bright spot is that the policy supports the growth of consumer loans and mortgage loans. Under the new regulations, the risk weight of banks with a high proportion of mortgage loans and retail business is lowered, and the capital adequacy ratio is expected to increase.

　　Specifically, Wang Qiangsong told reporters that the risk weight of credit cards was lowered, and the risk weight of credit lines (unused lines) below 1 million yuan was adjusted from 50% to 20%, and the definition of qualified traders was proposed, and the risk weight of use lines was adjusted from 75% to 45%; In terms of housing mortgage loan, the repayment source does not depend on the real estate cash flow (that is, the solvency of the purchaser is valued), and the risk weight is lowered — — If the down payment ratio is more than 40%, it will be reduced from 50% to 40%, and if the down payment ratio is 30%, it will be reduced from 50% to 45%, which is beneficial to both the first set and the second set.

　　At the same time, under the new regulations, the risk weight of SMEs is 85%, which is lower than the current 100%. Liao Zhiming believes that this is good for city commercial banks with relatively high credit for SMEs. The risk exposure of small and medium-sized enterprises refers to the creditor’s rights of commercial banks to enterprises whose operating income in the last year does not exceed 300 million yuan and meets the identification standards of medium, small and micro enterprises stipulated by relevant state departments, but does not include the creditor’s rights to small and micro enterprises and investment-grade companies.

　　At present, with the continuous online status, all departments in the province have further promoted the action of connecting 10,000 cadres with 10,000 enterprises to solve the worries for the development of enterprises.

　　Staggered peak power consumption has achieved remarkable results in energy saving and cost reduction.

　　"In June, we saved nearly 220,000 yuan in electricity bills." On July 5th, Wang Lifeng, Director of Production and Security Department of Zhuying Group, was pleased to introduce to the reporter.

　　This year, the industry, information and electric power departments of Zhuzhou City investigated the electricity consumption of key enterprises, and produced energy consumption analysis reports to help enterprises find ways to further explore the space for cost reduction.

　　According to Wang Lifeng, the electricity price is 1.09 yuan per kilowatt-hour at peak hours, and it is only 3 cents or more at trough times, and the price difference reaches 7 cents or more. In the past, the price difference was not so big, and enterprises did not have the concept of peak and valley electricity consumption. Today, the company actively promotes peak shifting production. For example, the pressure sintering furnace consumes a lot of electricity, especially in the equipment heating stage. By adjusting the schedule, the equipment heating process is arranged in zero shift, and the low-valley electricity price is used, which has obvious effects of energy saving and cost reduction.

　　On July 5th, the person in charge of State Grid Lianyuan Power Supply Company visited enterprises such as Sanyi Zhongyuan New Materials and Chuangan Explosion-proof in Loudi High-tech Zone to understand the electricity load and demands of enterprises, and be a good "staff officer" for enterprises to use electricity.

　　Since the beginning of this year, Lianyuan City has provided special fund subsidies to peak-shaving power enterprises in the special fund of "relieving difficulties and increasing efficiency", and promoted the balance between power supply and demand through demand-side resources to help enterprises reduce their burdens and develop.

　　In order to make better use of the existing reward and compensation policy for off-peak electricity consumption, State Grid Lianyuan Power Supply Company has stepped up policy promotion and actively guided customers to participate in the response according to the latest electricity price policy on January 1st and the fluctuation law of peak-valley electricity price. At present, the low power consumption of power consumption enterprises in the city has increased from 30% to 40% in the past, and it has continued to grow.

　　"The peak-to-peak electricity consumption allows the company to save more than 50,000 yuan in monthly electricity bills, and with government financial subsidies, the production cost has been reduced in a down-to-earth manner and the operating efficiency has been improved." Xie Hua, head of Fenghua Coal Industry Company, said.

　　Solve problems intimately and win the steam "guarantee supply war"

　　In the past few days, in Tongguan Industrial Park, Wangcheng Economic Development Zone, cadres have joined hands with enterprises to solve difficult problems and won a steam "guarantee and supply war".

　　According to the unified arrangement of the provincial power grid, Hunan Huadian Changsha Power Plant will be shut down for at least one week in June, and the supply of steam will be suspended. However, more than 30 key enterprises in Tongguan Industrial Park need the steam resources of Changsha Power Plant as stable and sufficient production heat energy, and the average steam consumption is about 50 tons/hour, and summer is the peak period of enterprise production, which will directly lead to the failure of normal production. Among them, Yongshan Lithium Industry, as a leading project in Hunan’s advanced energy storage material industry chain, the first phase of the project was ignited at the end of last year, and the output of 10,000 tons was sprinted this year. June was the last critical period for the first phase of production line to be put into production.

　　In order to minimize the impact of double-machine outage on the production of enterprises, the park launched joint enterprise cadres to conduct on-site research on more than 30 steam enterprises, and after knowing the production plan and steam demand of enterprises in detail, decided to classify policies and solve them separately according to the production situation of enterprises.

　　For building materials enterprises with short production process and batch production of products, the park suggests that enterprises stop production during the maintenance of power plants, and accelerate the expansion of production capacity before the maintenance to make up for the product demand during the shutdown period; For advanced energy storage materials and bio-pharmaceutical enterprises with long production process and continuous production, the park coordinates the power plant to start the standby boiler to ensure the minimum gas demand for enterprise production; Encourage some enterprises to start self-built boilers, and coordinate Kunlun gas and Xinao gas to increase gas supply to ensure the normal production needs of enterprises. The park also coordinates the standby boiler of Changsha Power Plant to supply gas to the enterprise at the usual price, and the difference generated in the middle is shared by the park and Changsha Power Plant, further reducing the burden on the enterprise.

　　At the end of June, the commissioning of the first phase production line of Yongshan Lithium Industry Project was completed, and the whole line was put into production. "Fortunately, the park has fully guaranteed supply and coordinated from it, which has guaranteed the demand for steam for enterprises and helped to lower the cost of steam." Yang Feng, Chairman of Yongshan Lithium Industry, expressed sincere gratitude to the park for its help.

　　(Text/Cao Wei Xiao Xingqun Yin Yating)

　　On June 3, 2020, local time, an American high school student threw a hat to celebrate graduation. (data map)

　　Overseas Network October 14th　According to a report by CNN on the 13th, the average score of American high school graduates in the College Entrance Examination (ACT) dropped to the lowest level in 30 years, and more than 40% of the candidates failed all the examination subjects.

　　The comprehensive average ACT score of the class of 2022 is 19.8 (with a total score of 36), which is lower than 20 for the first time since 1991. More importantly, more and more senior high school students have failed to reach any subject passing line set by ACT, indicating that their preparation for university courses has declined. According to the ACT report, among the 2022 graduates who took the ACT exam, 42% did not reach the passing line in any subject of English, reading, science and mathematics. In contrast, in 2021, 38% of candidates failed to reach the passing line of all subjects.

　　CNN9 reported in September that the math and reading scores of 9-year-old children in the United States also plummeted from 2020 to 2022, falling to a level not seen in decades. Peggy Carr, Commissioner of the National Center for Education Statistics, said that it was not just the epidemic that interrupted students’ learning. Shooting on campus, violence, interruption of classes, shortage of teaching staff and absenteeism, cyber bullying, and students seeking mental health services are also increasing. These information may explain the serious decline of American students’ grades.

Beijing subway line 2 Jianguomen Station Mural "Four Great Inventions"

Number the axes of murals.

clean

Sticking protective film

Demolition of murals at planned locations

Basic treatment

Mural firing

Install murals

Key procedures of temperature monitoring mural restoration

　　The first batch of public murals in the history of China’s subway is in the beijing subway line 2. Have you ever noticed that you take the subway every day? This is the map of the Great River East and the Great Wall of Yanshan located in Xizhimen Station, the glory of China and going to the world in Dongsishitiao Station, the history of Chinese astronomy and the four great inventions in Jianguomen Station. These murals, created in the 1980s, have been accompanied by passengers in the subway for more than 30 years, and they are generally aging and damaged. In order to better protect the important works of public mural art in New China and create a new bright spot in the capital subway with excellent culture, in 2018, Beijing Metro Operation Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Beijing Metro Company) started the mural restoration project. At present, two murals at Jianguomen Station have been basically repaired, and four murals at the remaining two stations are scheduled to be repaired by the end of this year.

　　Many masters participated in the mural creation of Beijing subway.

　　"These murals in our subway line 2 are all created by master artists!" Qu Xin, an associate professor of Tsinghua University Academy of Fine Arts, was a student of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts. As one of the assistants of the famous painter Yuan Yunfu, he participated in the production of murals at Jianguomen Station.

　　Talking about the subway mural creation that brought together many famous domestic artists, Qu Xin still can’t hide his excitement and excitement. "When it comes to the mural art of new China, there are two great artists who can’t get around it: one is Master Zhang Ding, and the other is Master Yuan Yunfu." Qu Xin said that Mr. Zhang Ding was a master of the older generation who spanned two eras. From Lu Yi in Yan ‘an period to the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts in the early days of the founding of New China, from the anti-Japanese artist in the 1930s to the designer of the national emblem of New China, Master Zhang Ding can be said to be one of the founders of new China fine arts! Mr. Yuan Yunfu belongs to the first generation of young artists trained in New China. He graduated from the Central Academy of Fine Arts in 1954 and was only 23 years old when he taught at the newly established Central Academy of Arts and Crafts in 1956.

　　"The new China mural art really became public art for the first time, and the work that attracted wide attention from the society was the mural of the Capital Airport completed in 1979." Qu Xin introduced that the mural creation not only brought together famous domestic master artists such as Zhang Ding and Yuan Yunfu, but also triggered a great discussion on public cultural undertakings in the whole society. The appearance of airport mural also marks the beginning of public mural art in New China. Due to the great social and international influence of these murals, in the early 1980s, a wave of mural creation rose in various important public places in Beijing, among which the subway mural was the most representative. "Two generations of mural masters, Zhang Ding and Yuan Yunfu, participated in the collective creation."

　　The two giant murals "The Great Wall of Yanshan Mountain" and "Going to the Great River East" at Xizhimen Station were created by Mr. Zhang Ding. Qu Xin introduced that as a tribute to the 35th anniversary of the founding of New China, under the personal attention of the top leaders of the country at that time, Master Zhang Ding presided over the completion of the first public mural in the history of Chinese subway. Mural is a traditional Chinese painting created on Korean paper, which uses a special mounting method of epoxy resin. The length of the two murals is 70 meters each, which is the first of its kind. "These two works received artistic advice from the old gentlemen such as Li Keran and Wu Zuoren, who were the masters of painting at that time. Finally, they were reviewed by Comrade Deng Xiaoping himself before they went to the wall."

　　Mr. Yuan Yunfu presided over the creation of the mural History of Chinese Planetarium at Jianguomen Station. Qu Xin said that this work comprehensively considers multiple social factors such as environment, humanities and history, especially the corresponding relationship with the ground environment. "Above this subway station is the representative building of ancient Chinese science and technology: the ancient observatory. This connection between the above-ground and underground cultural contexts and the extension of artistic vision have perfectly formed an artistic whole. "

　　Art lovers buy tickets to enter the station and take photos with murals.

　　As the first mural to be renovated, the two murals "History of Chinese Planetarium" and "Four Great Inventions" in Jianguomen Station of Metro Line 2 have been basically renovated. Facing the murals that reproduce glory, Aunt Qin Yanling, a subway volunteer on duty on the platform, is full of smiles. "My family moved to Jianguomen in 1987, when the murals in the subway station were just completed. Now I am on duty in the subway station and meet the murals every day. It can be said that I have been with these murals for more than 30 years. "

　　Aunt Qin said that she didn’t often take the subway before and didn’t pay much attention to the murals at Jianguomen Station. I didn’t get familiar with these murals until I volunteered for the Ping An subway in recent years and often worked in subway stations. "The following is the mural of" History of Chinese Astronomy "with an ancient observatory on it. This design is really amazing!"

　　Zhang Jiguo, deputy station head of Jianguomen Station District of Beijing Metro Operation Third Branch Company, entered Jianguomen Station in 1991, and it has been almost 30 years now. In recent years, Zhang Jiguo has formed a habit of standing on the steps of the southwest exit at night and overlooking the murals on the tunnel wall from top to bottom. "When I first came to work, the murals were still very new, and there were few passengers at night. The whole station hall was surrounded by two murals, just like an art gallery hall." Zhang Jiguo recalled that at that time, I don’t know how many times he looked at the huge murals on the silent platform steps and was deeply shocked.

　　Zhang Jiguo still remembers that when he first served on the platform, he often met art lovers who bought tickets to watch murals, and sometimes asked him to help him take photos with murals. "Let’s stand near the embassy district, and there are many foreign passengers who come to see the murals. After reading this station, take the subway to Dongsishitao and Xizhimen to continue reading. "

　　However, in the past two years, subway murals have become more and more gloomy because of damage and dust. This made the hearts of staff such as Aunt Qin and Zhang Jiguo also shrouded in a layer of gray. "We are all looking forward to repairing it as soon as possible, but everyone knows that this is not an easy task." Zhang Jiguo said that he didn’t understand the content of the repair profession, but since 2019, when he saw the expert group coming to investigate again and again, he knew that there was too much work to be done behind the repair.

　　It is imperative to repair many damaged murals.

　　"On the surface, the murals have lost their color and are missing in many places. After infrared detection and manual exploration, many other problems were found. " According to Jing Wong, the person in charge of the overall design project of mural renovation, after more than 30 years, subway murals are generally aging and damaged, mainly in three conditions: falling off, hollowing out and cracking.

　　Viewed from the outside, the visual effects of the whole picture, such as color and clarity, have changed greatly compared with the early years, mainly due to accumulated dust and aging of the surface layer of the picture. Jing Wong introduced that, in terms of firmness, due to the shock of subway trains all the year round, some pictures are loose, warped and detached, and the damage situation is getting worse and worse, and there are empty drums in the pictures, which may fall off at any time, affecting the train operation and posing security risks. "The murals in the three stations all have surface defects, with 485 missing in Xizhimen Station, 300 missing in Jianguomen Station and 36 square meters missing in Dongsishitiao Station."

　　The relevant person in charge of Beijing Metro Company said that the company has held many internal meetings, which put forward requirements for building a "humanistic subway" and realizing "one line, one culture", "one station, one theme" and "one car, one context", and it is imperative to repair the damaged murals. The subway is an important window of Beijing, the capital, and also an important display window of the cultural center. With a daily passenger flow of over 10 million, the Capital Metro is an important platform for promoting Chinese excellent traditional culture. Taking the opportunity of restoring the murals on Line 2 can enrich the connotation of "humanistic subway" and meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the majority of passengers.

　　In September 2019, on the basis of many previous consultations, a professional company carried out hollowing inspection on the murals of Jianguomen Station, and the design unit formulated a mural restoration plan based on the inspection report. After many design discussions and safety assessment meetings, two murals at Jianguomen Station were cleaned and repaired.

　　Work in the early hours of the morning and insist on repairing the old as before.

　　Repairing the subway mural is to repair a work of art, which has many problems. Experts and construction workers involved in the repair revealed the mystery.

　　"The urgent construction time is the first obstacle." Liu Qingsong, the person in charge of the project implementation unit, recalled that because the murals were located on both sides of the track area in Jianguomen, the construction had to wait until the train stopped. "We can’t start construction until 12 o’clock at night at the earliest, and it will be finished before 3 o’clock in the morning, which can’t have any impact on the train operation the next day. Basically, the shelf is set up, and there is not much time left for work, and it accumulates a little every day. "

　　Liu Qingsong said that for the construction unit, although it has been engaged in various professional engineering operations all the year round, it is the first time to construct in the subway station, and it is still faced with two important murals. "We are well aware that the historical and cultural significance it carries cannot be copied. According to the arrangement of the overall planning meeting of the previous construction plan, the detailed construction process was formulated, and the construction safety guarantee was repeatedly emphasized. Not only the safety of construction workers, but also the normal operation of subway trains and the integrity of station murals. "

　　Qu Xin, an associate professor at Tsinghua University Academy of Fine Arts, said that although these murals have no cultural relics, they are of great artistic value and cultural charm. "This kind of subway mural is unique in the whole country, and there is no such mural with a complete story and a large area in other places. Mural restoration should respect the original work, pay tribute to the master and protect the master’s works. "

　　The relevant person in charge of Beijing Metro Company also said that the designer gave two plans at that time, one was to completely remake and the other was to repair the old as before. In the end, everyone unanimously chose the second scheme. Although the cost is one third higher and the technology is more difficult, it can keep the original appearance of the works of art..

　　According to the principle of cultural relics repair, it is not difficult to repair the old as before in construction. "Try to match the image and technology as much as possible, but there is a difference between the new brick and the old brick after all. The old brick has a trace of 30 years. The difference between the new brick and the old brick cannot be too big. It is necessary to deal with it from the technology, and the difficulty is here." Qu Xin said that in order to ensure that the graphics and colors of some murals are integrated with the original parts, all participants need to cooperate closely in the firing, graphic understanding and on-site installation of murals.

　　Create a "flowing museum and civilized warm living room"

　　The relevant person in charge of Beijing Metro Company said that Metro Line 2 runs through the ring, and the route basically coincides with the inner wall of the original Beijing city. It is the penetrating connection of the underground mapping of the old Beijing city wall and a typical form of "city gate culture" in the ancient capital culture. In particular, the mural of "History of Chinese Planetarium" by Mr. Yuan Yunfu at Jianguomen Station echoes the ancient observatory on the ground, which fully embodies the uniqueness of the subway public culture as a "mirror image" of the ground culture. Repairing the murals on Line 2 is to create a new bright spot of the capital subway with excellent culture, improve the service quality of the capital subway and contribute to the construction of the national cultural center.

　　It is understood that in terms of public cultural construction of Beijing Metro, Beijing Metro Company has started to prepare a master plan, and the mural restoration of Line 2 is only one of them. In the future, according to the cultural characteristics of each line, region or station, the design scheme of 16 lines will be formulated in detail, which will systematically sort out the public cultural needs of Beijing subway, organically integrate cultural propaganda, cultural service and cultural industry, guide the construction of high-quality riding environment, intelligent and convenient travel service and high-level cultural atmosphere, and integrate rich cultural heritage with smart scientific and technological means to build Beijing subway into a "flowing museum" with capital style, ancient capital charm and times style.

　　Beijing Metro Company will combine different space and functional requirements such as subway interchange station and hub station, plan to build a subway cultural space system, and use design languages such as light and lighting, sculptures and other facilities to make the subway space environment reflect a specific atmosphere. By means of cultural relics exhibition and multimedia interaction, the cultural relics exhibition is connected with the subway, and various elements of the museum are applied to the Beijing subway to provide museum cultural services to the public. "Customer-oriented", establish the service brand of "Warm Living Room" to make passengers feel at ease, comfortable, comfortable and tempted. Relying on the information, knowledge and aesthetic value derived from the cultural ontology of Beijing subway, the cultural connotation of Beijing subway will be refined into tangible or intangible characteristic cultural products, which will fully meet the growing cultural needs of the people and make the "Beijing subway" a high-quality business card.

　　Searching for the Missing Content of Murals from Ancient Books

　　Teacher Qu Xin introduced that 10,976 pieces of porcelain were used in the two giant tile murals "History of Chinese Tianwen" and "Four Great Inventions" at Jianguomen Station. The History of Chinese Astronomy is 62.25 meters long and 3 meters high. The contents of the work include the achievements of ancient astronomical discoveries and inventions in China from ancient times to the present, as well as the contents from ancient myths and stories to the prospect of modern science and technology. The works of Four Great Inventions are 60 meters long and 3 meters high, including the invention of gunpowder, compass, papermaking and movable type printing, the four most famous scientific and technological contributions in ancient China. Both murals are made of colored tiles.

　　In the process of repair, the first step is to fully understand the firing process of the two murals, and fire the samples according to the relevant information and actual understanding to ensure that the materials and firing process are consistent with the original murals; The second step is that after the professional team of mural ceramic arts and crafts artists fully understand the author’s creative intention, they will fill in the missing parts and repair some mural graphics and colors to ensure that they are integrated with the original parts; The third step is to copy the substrate according to the supplementary information, and finally fire it. The same mural needs to be fired several groups, and the best group is selected for on-site installation; The fourth step is to compare the best murals in the installation area after they arrive at the site, install the ones that meet the requirements, communicate with the ceramic arts and crafts artist for the parts that do not meet the requirements, and re-fire them until they meet the requirements.

　　Liu Qingsong also introduced an episode when the mural was repaired. During the construction of the movable type printing part of the Four Great Inventions, due to the serious lack of porcelain pieces in this part, the original manuscript at the time of creation is not very detailed, so we can only compare and find the contents of the missing part according to the existing part. "Later, we found that the article on the mural was from an article in the China ancient historical document" The Book of Filial Piety ".Everyone immediately learned about this article in detail and finally made up some missing words."

　　All murals are expected to be completed by the end of this year.

　　As a special and important task in the construction of public culture in Beijing Metro, Beijing Metro Company attaches great importance to the restoration of murals. According to the relevant person in charge of Beijing Metro Company, in view of the lack of comprehensive information on the authors, creative backgrounds, maintenance cycles and other related information of various public works of art at the station in the early stage, Beijing Metro Company actively coordinated the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission, the Urban Sculpture Office and other relevant cultural research institutions to collect and sort out the information of public works of art for subsequent restoration and improvement.

　　In view of the age of the station on Line 2 and the difficulty in restoring murals, Beijing Metro Company hired a professional team to formulate a "one-stop, one-plan" and implement it in stages. The first stage: pilot first, complete the mural restoration of Jianguomen Station on Line 2. At present, it has been basically completed, and the installation of atmosphere lights will be completed before the Spring Festival in 2020, further improving the restoration effect of murals. The second stage: complete the murals of Xizhimen and Dongsishitiao stations on Line 2. The planned completion time is December 31, 2020.

　　On the basis of completing the mural restoration work at Jianguomen Pilot Station, Beijing Metro Company will conscientiously sum up the difficulties and problems in the mural restoration work at Jianguomen Station, listen to the opinions of all parties, constantly improve the restoration scheme, adopt nanotechnology to clean the murals as a whole, restore the paintings around the missing parts and "make up the meaning", add protective coatings to the murals as a whole, and overcome difficulties, and strive to complete the restoration work of the remaining four murals at Xizhimen and Dongsishitao stations in 2020. At the same time, we will also establish a long-term mechanism for mural restoration, explore ways to protect the public cultural space of the subway, earnestly take "passenger demand as the guide", and strive to build a higher-level "humanistic subway" to contribute to the functional construction of the national cultural center.

　　Text/Wang Qifeng Wei Yuyue

　　[News] Recently, Ducati (China) held the launching ceremony of 899 Panigale in sheraton zhongshan Hotel, Guangdong Province, and announced the middleweight price at the meeting. The new car is equipped with an 898cc L-shaped water-cooled twin cylinder, which can reach a maximum of 148 horsepower.The retail price starts at 269,000 yuan..

　　The 899 Panigale belongs to the top Superbike in Ducati series, and there are two body colors to choose from, namely red and white. Its market positioning is between the 848 EVO and the 1199 Panigale series. Ducati (China) announced that the new car warranty period is two years, and there is no limit, and the maintenance interval is 12,000 kilometers/time.

"『899 Panigale is available in white (left) and red (right) body colors"

　　In terms of power system, the 899 Panigale is equipped with a "Superquadro" water-cooled L-type twin-cylinder 8 engine with a displacement of 898cc.The maximum power is 148 HP (109 kW) /10750rpm.,The peak value is 99 nm /9000rpm., which is matched with a 6-speed gearbox with DQS Ducati quick shift system. In terms of braking system, the front brake of 899 Panigale adopts the combination of two pairs of four calipers and semi-floating brake disc, and the diameter of the brake disc is 330mm；; The rear brake is equipped with a double-piston brake system, with a perforated brake disc with a diameter of 245mm, and the front and rear brakes are equipped with an anti-lock braking system made by Bosch as standard.

"『898cc water-cooled L-type twin-cylinder 8-valve engine"

"『Brembo front wheel braking system"

　　In terms of body and aspect, the frame of the car adopts aluminum alloy monoblock design, with an empty weight of 169 kg and 1426 mm. The front suspension is a full-section adjustable Showa large piston front fork, and the rear suspension is a combination of Sachs single cylinder and aluminum alloy single rocker arm, which allows two people to ride at most.

"Sachs single-tube shock absorber with rear suspension"

　　In riding mode, this motorcycle is equipped with three riding modes, namely, track, sports and wet road, which are easily switched by buttons. The braking system of the new car is still made by Brembo. The front and rear brakes are two-disc four-piston braking system and single-disc double-piston braking system respectively. Both the front and rear brakes are equipped with ABS anti-lock braking system provided by Bosch. On this basis, the new car is also equipped with 8-level adjustable system (DTC), engine braking system (EBC) and other configurations.

"David James』, Marketing Director of Ducati Asia Pacific"

"Mr. Pierfrancesco Scalzo, General Manager of Ducati Asia Pacific Region, introduced the brand culture of Ducati"

● Editor’s summary:

　　At present, Ducati has launched seven series of 21 vehicles in China, covering vehicles suitable for long-distance travel and other purposes. However, according to Mr. Mai Xiaogang, general manager of Ducati (China), all kinds of vehicles launched by Ducati tend to focus on sportiness, which is also a major feature of Ducati brand vehicles. At present, Ducati is still actively establishing car owners’ clubs all over the country, and hopes to provide services for more car owners in Ducati through these platforms. Now, if you want to know more about all models in Ducati or the nearest Ducati dealer, click to enter.Ducati (China) official websiteLearn more. (Text/car home Zhu Lishen)

● Related article links:

　　Ducati, specially designed for China, released three brand-new models.
　　//www.autohome.com.cn/news/201406/817752.html

　　deny/refute/spike a rumour

　　Coffee contains carcinogens; Strawberries are the "dirtiest fruits and vegetables"; Mice become masters after eating genetically modified crops; Latin dance can lead to precocious puberty … … In the past month, there are still various rumors spread on the Internet. However, how can rumor fighters make rumors prevail, so let’s put these rumors in the sun of science now.

　　Proverbs 1

　　Starbucks coffee causes cancer.

　　Recently, whether you drink coffee or not, you may have heard the so-called "Starbucks coffee causes cancer". The reason is that the judgment of the Los Angeles High Court in California shows that coffee contains acrylamide, a carcinogen, and all coffee products are required to be labeled as "carcinogenic".

　　Truth: Hong Guangyu, a senior media person in the field of food safety, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that the California court required the coffee sold in this state to be marked with a cancer warning on the grounds that acrylamide contained in coffee was classified as a "probable carcinogen" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and its complete meaning should be "limited evidence of carcinogenicity to humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity to experimental animals". And the list of carcinogens listed by IARC refers to the strength of evidence, not to the "carcinogenic risk" of the substance.

　　Hong Guangyu explained that acrylamide is naturally formed when coffee beans are roasted, which is the key to the formation of coffee flavor, and its content in coffee is extremely low. Acrylamide does have clear evidence that it causes cancer in animals, but there is no scientific evidence and no epidemiological investigation to prove that it causes cancer when it is ingested as an ingredient in food.

　　Some experts have estimated that when the human body ingests 2.6 micrograms to 16 micrograms of acrylamide per kilogram of body weight every day, there will be a risk of cancer. According to this calculation, a coffee lover weighing 55 kilograms has a daily acrylamide tolerance of 143 micrograms. A cup of 160 ml black coffee has an average acrylamide content of 0.45 micrograms. He has to drink at least 318 cups of black coffee every day to be at risk of cancer. Therefore, ordinary people drink several cups of coffee every day, which is far from enough to reach the carcinogenic dose.

　　"Therefore, the decision of the California court is only ‘ Do it according to the law ’ It does not mean that drinking coffee in reality will cause cancer. " Hong Guangyu said.

　　Proverbs 2

　　Strawberries are the "dirtiest fruits and vegetables"

　　Recently, the Environmental Work Organization (EWG), an environmental protection agency in the United States, listed 12 kinds of the dirtiest and 15 kinds of the cleanest fruits and vegetables according to the detection results of pesticide residues in conventionally grown agricultural products by the United States Department of Agriculture. Among the dirtiest fruits and vegetables, Kusanagi ranked first for three consecutive years.

　　Truth: Lan Wei, a researcher at Fuyang Normal University who has been engaged in high-quality and efficient cultivation techniques of strawberries for many years, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that the statement that strawberries are "the dirtiest fruits and vegetables" is very one-sided. "First of all, we must clarify a concept that pesticide residues are not necessarily harmful. The fruits and vegetables we usually eat inevitably have some low-toxic and slightly toxic pesticide residues. In the process of strawberry cultivation in traditional greenhouse, some high-efficiency and low-toxicity biological pesticides with disease resistance and some easily decomposed pesticides are applied, but they are mainly applied in the early flowering stage and less in the fruit stage, and these pesticides are sprayed for 5-mdash; After 6 days, the decomposition is very fast, and the residual concentration in the fruit is very small. "

　　Yun Wuxin, a doctor majoring in food engineering, also said that EWG is an environmental protection organization in the United States. They are neither a government management department nor an academic institution, but a private organization that advocates environmental protection. The criterion for determining the safety of fruits and vegetables is not whether pesticide residues are detected, nor how many kinds of pesticide residues are detected, but whether pesticide residues exceed the standard. The detection of pesticide residues does not mean that these foods are harmful to health. It is totally meaningless to talk about harm without the amount of pesticide residues and control standards.

　　So, don’t be misled by the list of the dirtiest fruits and vegetables. In daily life, we need to remember that it is a necessary food safety habit to thoroughly clean and pay attention to hygiene, whether it is "using pesticides" or "not using pesticides".

　　Proverbs 3

　　Mice become masters after eating genetically modified crops.

　　Recently, a video posted on the Internet showed that a giant rat weighing more than 30 kilograms appeared on a farm, and four medium-sized dogs struggled with it and finally subdued it. The text forwarded with the video said: "This happened in Heilongjiang 853 Farm. After investigation, it was because rats ate genetically modified soybeans and corn. It was terrible!"

　　Truth: Jiang Tao, a senior engineer at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that the animals in the video are not mice. From the rough figure and fuzzy tail, they look like marmots, also known as woodchucks and ground squirrels. They are typical harmful animals in agriculture and animal husbandry. What can be confirmed is that this animal has nothing to do with "mice become sperm" and "genetically modified food". It is the conclusion of scientific research that eating genetically modified crops will not cause gene mutation.

　　"The nature of the gene itself, such as in what species and how much it is expressed, is mainly determined by the DNA sequence of the non-coding region of the gene. This kind of information has ‘ Dialect ’ The characteristics are very different between different species and are a natural barrier for the expression of genetic information between species. " Jiang Tao explained that the genes of transgenic plants have plant properties. If they are not properly modified in vitro and transformed into genes with animal properties, even if they are deliberately transferred into animal cells, they will not have any activity. Therefore, there will be no genetic mutation when eating genetically modified crops.

　　Proverbs 4

　　Latin dance leads to precocious puberty

　　Recently, an article entitled "9-year-old girl’s precocious puberty is ineffective." The doctor asked: Are you learning Latin dance? The article is widely spread on social media platforms. The article points out that there is a certain connection between Latin dance and children’s precocious puberty. The article explains that Latin dance is a kind of social dance, which requires strong interaction between dancers. Before and after puberty, the body is very sensitive to gender information. It may be that a healthy and ordinary action or look in the eyes of adults will start the switch in the brain during adolescence.

　　Truth: Associate Professor Wu Xi, Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, pointed out that there may be observation deviation in the views in this article. At present, there is no scientific research in academic circles to prove that Latin dancing is directly related to precocious puberty, and it is impossible to explain that Latin dancing can lead to precocious puberty through one-sided inquiry or individual cases. At present, it has not been found in medicine that the "switch" of sexual development can be started through sight, hearing or smell, and there is no clear causal relationship between the two.

　　According to the definition of "Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Precocious Puberty (Trial)" issued by the former Ministry of Health in 2010, precocious puberty means that boys have secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 9, and girls have secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 or menstrual cramps before the age of 10.

　　Wu Xi pointed out that to prevent precocious puberty, parents should not only let their children develop good eating habits and not consume too much energy, but also be careful not to let their children eat contraceptives by mistake. If you find that your child has the above symptoms, you should go to a regular hospital in time.

　　Our reporter Ma Aiping

　　The beer bought online tastes different from that bought in the supermarket; T-shirts bought in online flagship stores are obviously thinner than the fabrics sold in physical stores … … Recently, some consumers have reported to Taiyuan Consumers Association that "e-commerce-only" goods are hidden and tricky, and the purchased goods have problems such as low price and inferior quality.

　　Then, why is "e-commerce exclusive" cheaper than physical store goods? Should the "e-commerce exclusive" goods that are quite suspicious in the eyes of consumers place an order?

　　Online shopping for beer thinks that buying "fake goods" is just "e-commerce exclusive"

　　Some time ago, Mr. Zhang, a consumer in Taiyuan, bought a box of imported beer of a certain brand on an online platform, each with 24 cans, and the discounted price was 95 yuan. Mr. Zhang said that this kind of beer had been bought in supermarkets before, and the price in supermarkets was relatively expensive. Every can of beer was 8 yuan. This time, he specially searched the official flagship store to buy it, and each can was about half cheaper.

　　After receiving the beer, Mr. Zhang just took the first sip and found that the taste was different from that sold in the supermarket. With doubts, Mr. Zhang contacted the online store customer service, and the customer service explained to him that it was definitely not a fake, but the online store sold the "e-commerce exclusive" version, which may have some differences in taste with the physical store.

　　From the appearance of the online beer provided by Mr. Zhang, it is almost the same as the beer in the supermarket, and the raw materials, auxiliary materials, original wort concentration and alcohol content are the same as those sold in the supermarket. There is no obvious difference between the two in appearance. The online purchase page does not indicate that this model is an "e-commerce exclusive" version.

　　Mr. Zhang’s experience is not a case. Mr. Ge, a citizen, has recently been "exclusively used by e-commerce" and "routine". Mr. Ge tried on a T-shirt in a physical store of a well-known sports brand. Because it was more expensive, he bought the same model of clothes online. After receiving the goods, he found that the fabric of this dress bought online was much thinner than that of the physical store. Afterwards, Mr. Ge took the online shopping money to find the shop assistant for verification. The shop assistant told him that this is the "e-commerce exclusive" version, which is really different from the one in the physical store, and the weaving method is sparse.

　　More and more consumers like Mr. Zhang and Mr. Ge have found that the products sold in online flagship stores and physical stores are not exactly the same. Apart from the different discount ranges, differences in style, performance, pricing, design and other aspects have gradually emerged, and many people have begun to mind "e-commerce exclusive supply".

　　Online sales of electrical appliances are "e-commerce exclusive" customer service: online models are not available offline.

　　On July 12th, the official flagship store of Gree brand Tmall held a "Summer Price Sale" activity, and many electrical appliances were priced at a discount.

　　The investigator of Taiyuan Consumers Association hung up a 1.5-horse air conditioner with the highest sales volume of KFC-35 GWN HBAD 3, and asked the customer service staff of the online store whether this type of air conditioner is the same as that sold in the store. Customer service reply, online is factory direct sales, belonging to the e-commerce model, not offline. In order to prevent malicious competition, the products of different platforms are different, but the product quality and after-sales service are the same as those of physical stores, so you can buy them with confidence.

　　This 1.5-horse fixed-frequency air conditioner with three-level energy efficiency is priced at 2599 yuan in the online store, and the investigator visited the offline counter of Gree and found that the same 1.5-horse fixed-frequency air conditioner with three-level energy efficiency is generally priced at around 2900 yuan.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Taiyuan Consumers Association, in the past two years, "e-commerce exclusive supply" has involved many fields and products, such as clothing, cosmetics, home appliances and food. However, the most criticized thing is the home appliance industry. Many consumers have encountered such a situation. The home appliances bought online at a low price only to find that there is no such model in the physical store, or the appearance is exactly the same, but the model is one or two places worse.

　　Avoid the profit struggle between different sales channels and satisfy the psychology of pursuing low-cost consumption

　　Things in physical stores are too expensive, but the price of the same brand goods on the Internet is much cheaper. However, after receiving the goods, many people find that they are different from those in physical stores, which is called "e-commerce exclusive" by merchants.

　　Through interviews in the past few days, the Shanxi Evening News reporter noticed that there are three main situations in the current "e-commerce exclusive" goods, that is, the same paragraph is different in quality, and the goods sold online and offline seem to be the same model, but the quality is obviously different; The same brand is different in quality, and e-commerce products are different in quality from offline products; Stealing the brands of related businesses.

　　Why are there "e-commerce exclusive" products? According to an industry insider, at the beginning of the development of e-commerce platform, in order to make consumers’ buying habits shift from offline to online, most of them rely on price advantage to attract attention. In the early days, businesses operated on the e-commerce platform, which really reduced costs by reducing intermediate links and saving expenses such as store rent, and was cheaper and better than physical stores to some extent. However, with the increasingly fierce competition among online merchants and the increasingly high marketing cost, some merchants want to adopt different production lines for online and offline goods. On the one hand, it can reduce the cost of online goods and satisfy the consumption psychology of many online consumers who pursue low prices. On the other hand, it can kill two birds with one stone by avoiding conflicts with offline sales of their own brands.

　　Taiyuan Consumers Association: "E-commerce exclusive" goods should be clearly stated to consumers.

　　Then, is the "e-commerce exclusive supply" credible or not? Can the service shrink?

　　The relevant person in charge of the Taiyuan Consumers Association said that if the appearance code of the "e-commerce exclusive" product is exactly the same as that of the physical store product, but the quality is lower, it will infringe the consumer’s right to know and be suspected of fraud, and consumers can safeguard their legitimate rights and interests according to law.

　　"E-commerce-only" products generally exist in online shopping, but many consumers are not aware of the difference between the "e-commerce" version and the ordinary version. Suppose you buy a "e-commerce exclusive" product, and consumers want to identify it as shoddy and need to be identified by a professional testing department. The process is cumbersome and involves energy. Some merchants only "fine-tune" online goods, such as reducing the number of fabrics used. This subtle difference increases the difficulty of consumers’ identification.

　　Taiyuan Consumers Association reminds consumers that when shopping online, especially when it is much cheaper than offline goods, they should ask the merchants whether it is an "e-commerce exclusive" version or a "specially customized" version.

　　At the same time, merchants are required to ensure that the quality is qualified and meets the product quality requirements when selling "e-commerce exclusive" goods. Secondly, we should fulfill our obligation to inform consumers clearly, and list the differences with offline products, so that consumers can clearly understand all aspects of the product information and decide whether to buy it.

Original scientific parenting editorial department Scientific family parenting is included in the topic # Novice parents absolutely need to bring baby cheats! 66

Do you still remember the event # Baby rice noodles with heavy metals exceeding the standard # years ago?

Source: Phoenix Network Video

At that time, many parents were frightened, and there were many messages expressing concern about rice noodles in the background!

Years later, Keke searched several baby rice noodles on the Internet and found that they were still on sale.

So, is this report authoritative and reliable?

Is this rice noodle still edible? How to eat?

If you don’t eat rice noodles, are there other complementary foods to choose from?

How to choose rice noodles?

Today, Keda is going to talk about baby rice noodles.

Image source: scientific family parenting original

one

Can baby rice noodles still be eaten? Listen to the expert’s answer!

The incident of excessive heavy metals in baby rice noodles is related to an investigation report issued by the House of Representatives of the United States Congress.

It is pointed out in the report that the contents of heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, cadmium and mercury in some well-known baby foods on the market reach dangerous levels, which will have adverse effects on the health of infants. In particular, it will damage the development of the brain and nervous system and is irreversible.

However, it was found that the heavy metal content in the investigation report reached a dangerous level, which was only a conclusion compared with drinking water. …

It should be known that in China’s standards, the limit of heavy metals in drinking water is only 0.01mg/L, which is 20 or even 30 times lower than other foods.

Therefore, this comparison is not rigorous! !

Moreover, the heavy metal content of the products mentioned in the report did not exceed the standards set by the US FDA.

Therefore, parents who have eaten this brand for their babies, don’t panic! !

Image source: scientific family parenting original

However, Keke wants to tell you that the ability of rice to absorb heavy metals (arsenic and cadmium) is indeed much stronger than that of ordinary crops!

Our environment (soil, groundwater, irrigation water) has been polluted by heavy metals to some extent, and it is impossible to make rice arsenic-free and cadmium-free. As long as crops grow in the soil, they will absorb these heavy metals.

So, how to eat rice food?

1. Increase the diversity of food and avoid eating only rice noodles.

When the baby starts to eat complementary food, he can choose rice flour fortified with iron grains, such as barley rice flour, oat rice flour and mixed grain rice flour. (The baby is not allergic to food).

In the daily diet, you can also add some coarse grains and miscellaneous beans to reduce the frequency of eating rice.

The department strongly recommends that the proportion of coarse grains should not exceed one-fifth of the staple food, because coarse grains are not easy to digest, and excessive intake may also affect the absorption of minerals.

Image source: scientific family parenting original

Generally, when the baby is 8-10 months old, parents can give the child rotten noodles, gruel, etc. according to the baby’s acceptance, instead of continuously feeding with a single rice noodle.

2. Limit the intake of high-risk foods (such as snacks containing rice ingredients).

Parents should give their children as little as possible snacks made of rice, such as puffs, rice cakes and molar biscuits.

Not only because of the problem of heavy metal content, most snacks like this contain various flavoring agents such as sugar and salt, which easily leads to children’s picky eaters.

3. Try to choose the National Bank version of rice noodles.

In fact, the National Bank Edition means that if foreign brands want to sell in China’s formal channels, they should readjust the ingredients in food until they meet the relevant standards of China.

Therefore, when buying rice noodles or other baby foods, it is best to buy them in formal channels and avoid buying them from private channels. Let the country check for you!

Image source: scientific family parenting original

Finally, Keke would like to emphasize: as long as the content of heavy metals in rice and other foods does not exceed the national standards, we can safely eat them! After all, it is meaningless to talk about toxicity without dose. Unless you eat rice and burst your stomach! (The same is true for baby rice noodles).

So how should parents scientifically choose rice noodles? Keda is coming to teach you how to choose!

2

Choose healthy rice noodles and keep in mind 3 hard standards!

1. See if it contains sugar, salt and essence.

When purchasing rice noodles, parents must carefully read the ingredient list of the products!

If the baby ingests rice flour containing sucrose, it will increase the risk of sweet taste and dental caries.

And containing salt or essence may cause children to be picky eaters. Because babies are very sensitive to taste, they will have a preference for sweet, salty and other tasty foods.

In the end, it is likely that the baby will refuse to accept tasteless food and interfere with breastfeeding and formula feeding.

Image source: scientific family parenting original

2. See if there are any ingredients that are allergic to your baby.

In order to increase the taste of rice noodles and the content of protein, some merchants will add:

Image source: scientific family parenting original

These ingredients are very likely to cause allergic reactions in babies, and they must be discharged after being sensitized, and then eaten routinely.

Secondly, the "nuts" in many compound fruit and vegetable rice noodles are also easy to cause allergies, such as walnuts.

Therefore, when parents buy rice noodles, they must learn to look at the ingredient list to make sure that the ingredients contained are not allergic to children before adding them to prevent anaphylactic shock after eating a lot!

3. See if the iron content is appropriate.

According to the national standard "GB10769-2010 Infant Cereal Supplementary Food", every 100 kilojoules of rice flour should contain 0.25 ~ 0.50 mg of iron.

Therefore, parents should pay attention to the nutrient composition table when choosing, and it is not recommended to buy rice noodles below the national standard range.

Note here that the iron content is not as high as possible, but should be judged according to the baby’s diet!

If the baby is already eating iron-containing food, then you can choose a rice noodle with medium iron content; If the baby only eats breast milk, then you can choose rice flour with high iron content to supplement it.

Image source: scientific family parenting original

If you insist on changing the baby’s rice noodles, it’s not impossible! Because without rice noodles, we have many other choices!

three

Baby’s first bite of complementary food, look for one principle!

For babies aged 4-6 months, breastfeeding can no longer meet the baby’s iron needs, and can only be ingested through complementary food.

Therefore, the baby’s first complementary food lies in "iron supplementation", not in taking some fixed food!

For Xiaobaobo, there are two best choices for iron supplementation:

1. Fortified iron rice noodles

Baby rice noodles on the market are fortified with iron, which can well meet the baby’s demand for iron. Moreover, the sensitization rate of rice is very low, which is not easy to cause baby allergy, and it is nutritious and convenient.

Therefore, baby fortified iron rice flour is the first choice for baby’s first complementary food.

However, Keke does not recommend parents to make rice noodles for their babies!

Because:

① The iron content of rice itself is very low, and it lacks iron-fortified rice flour, which has no supplementary significance for babies.

② Studies show that the arsenic content of homemade rice flour/brown rice flour is even higher than that of ordinary rice flour!

If you really don’t feel comfortable giving your baby rice noodles, then we have other ingredients to choose from:

2. Other ingredients rich in iron

(Note: Be sure to confirm that the baby is not allergic before feeding! )

Image source: scientific family parenting original

If the baby’s iron supplement is not in place, it is likely that the following two situations will occur:

Image source: scientific family parenting original

So how to make iron supplements? Ke has prepared a recipe for iron supplementation for everyone:

Tomato and beef millet porridge:

Ingredients: tomato, beef and millet.

Image source: scientific family parenting original

When feeding the above complementary foods, you must have an allergy test! ! (Be sure to operate under the guidance of the doctor when he thinks it is necessary, and don’t try it at will.)

Image source: scientific family parenting original

If the baby is allergic to these, or is picky about food, it is easier to feed with rice flour.

Finally, in the face of this rumor, Ke greatly wants to tell parents:

1. Baby rice flour is only a stage in the addition of complementary food, and it is usually enough to eat it for 2-4 months.

If the baby is strong enough to accept food and is not allergic, he can even stop using rice flour and switch to iron-supplemented food earlier.

This incident also tells everyone that as long as there is heavy metal pollution in the environment, food is inevitable.

As long as the content of heavy metals does not exceed the national standard, we can eat with confidence! After all, it is meaningless to talk about toxicity without dose.

Finally, increasing the diversity of children’s food is king!

It is better to eat any food in moderation. If the meals at home are always too concentrated on a certain food, then even if the heavy metals do not exceed the standard, other problems will occur!

A balanced and varied diet can make your baby healthier!

Image source: scientific family parenting original

Original title: "Heavy metals in well-known rice noodles exceed the standard? Don’t panic The expert explained it in detail! 》

Read the original text

　　

　　On April 1st, the first day of commercial operation of Jinan Rail Transit Line 1, many citizens encountered many problems when taking the subway to "try early". On the afternoon of the 2 nd, the relevant person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit Group explained the eight major problems reflected by the public.

　　1. Face recognition can’t be brushed? It has been suggested to the public to send clear photos for system optimization.

　　"Brush your face" through the security check sounds very "tall", and many citizens have uploaded photo information early, just waiting for "brush your face and try it early" when taking the bus. However, some citizens have encountered the problem that "brushing their faces" cannot be recognized.

　　It is understood that the subway ticketing system of Jinan Rail Transit Line 1 is the first in the national subway. For the problem that citizens can’t accurately identify their faces when they brush their faces, the staff analyzed that, first, the system photos were uploaded by users themselves, and the input effect was different; Second, the recognition system is influenced by the environment and brightness; Third, the height and thinness of the citizens and the location of the distance recognizer have an impact on the recognition effect.

　　In response to this problem, the relevant person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit Group said that technicians have been instructed to optimize the face recognition modules in a targeted system, and at the same time, the surrounding environment and illumination of each face recognition module are analyzed again. "The face recognition system also has self-learning technology. With the gradual learning and improvement, the recognition speed and accuracy will be improved. At the same time, it is also recommended that the public upload clear photos and try not to upload outdoor photos or backlight photos. "

　　2. The bus card can’t be recognized? Some old cards have security vulnerabilities, so it is recommended to replace them with new cards.

　　During the operation of Line 1, some citizens who came to the bus with bus cards were stopped in front of the gates because of "invalid cards".

　　According to staff statistics, bus cards with problems are divided into two categories. First, activity cards including spring and autumn cards and green travel cards; The second is to issue older cards and bus cards.

　　The person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit said that the bus activity card had been notified before and could not be used when taking the subway. The older cards and bus cards were issued earlier because of the long time span and security loopholes. "Including buses, they are gradually replacing old cards with security loopholes. You can replace new cards at bus service outlets for free or apply for Quancheng Pass at subway stations." Among them, Quancheng Tongka can enjoy a 20% discount, but there are no free rides or other preferential activities.

　　3. Brush the QR code and allow it in and out? Confusion of multiple payment methods will optimize the APP interface.

　　On the first day of the bus ride, some citizens also encountered the problem of brushing the QR code into the station but unable to leave the station.

　　According to the person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit, after the statistics of the first day, most of the abnormal users used QR codes to enter and leave the station, which was mainly caused by the mixed QR codes of one-way tickets and stored-value tickets on the APP. "It is possible to brush the QR code of a one-way ticket when entering the station, and turn off the APP during the ride. Because the options of one-way ticket and stored-value ticket are close, the QR code of stored-value ticket was mistakenly selected when leaving the station, resulting in the inability to leave the station without pit stop information. " In this regard, they will optimize the interface when the subsequent version of Jinan Metro APP is updated. "The QR code of the stored value ticket is left on the home page, and the one-way ticket is placed on the secondary interface to strengthen the distinction." Among them, citizens can enjoy a 20% discount by brushing the QR code of stored value tickets, but there is no discount for one-way tickets.

　　4. What about the elderly and the disabled? Blind people can enter the station with a disabled card, and guide dogs can also enter the station.

　　The person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit said that according to relevant regulations, elderly people aged 60 to 64 can enjoy half-price concessions, and elderly people aged 65 and over can enjoy free rides. "If the old card can’t be brushed, you can arrange to take the green channel. It is recommended to replace the new card in time next time."

　　Disabled people who take the subway can enter and leave the station directly through the gate with their love cards, while blind people can enter the station directly with their disability cards and ride for free. Staff will be arranged at the entrance and exit of each station of Jinan Rail Transit Line 1 to help the blind. "Guide dogs can also enter the station". In addition, all stations are equipped with wheelchairs and wheelchair pedals to provide passengers in need.

　　5. The subway APP can’t be used? Users are advised to uninstall the ticketing version in time and download the latest version.

　　During the trial operation, Jinan Rail Transit launched the "Grab Ticket APP" to provide experience services for citizens who want to "try early". Since March 20, the APP has stopped serving. On the first day of operation on April 1, some unsuspecting users encountered obstacles when using the "grab ticket version APP".

　　In this regard, the relevant person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit said that the Jinan Metro APP has been downloaded simultaneously in Android and Apple, and the test version that originally included the ticket-grabbing activities for the visit has stopped serving. "Please ask the public to uninstall the ticket-grabbing version of the APP in time and download and install the latest version in the application market. Jinan Metro APP".

　　6. The ticket vending machine can’t buy tickets in cash? Only cash can be bought by the staff.

　　The person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit said that with the development of mobile payment technology, the amount of cash tickets purchased is getting less and less. Some cities have gradually cancelled the cash ticket purchasing function of automatic ticket vending machines, and gradually reduced the number of automatic ticket vending machines. At the beginning of the operation of Jinan Rail Transit Line 1, considering that most passengers are used to the convenience brought by mobile payment technology, Jinan Metro encourages passengers to use WeChat or Alipay to purchase tickets at automatic ticket vending machines. For passengers who really only have cash but can’t purchase tickets through WeChat or Alipay, they can pay the cash for the tickets to the on-site staff, and the staff will purchase tickets for the passengers through the ticket vending machine.

　　7. How to get an invoice for non-cash ticket purchase? Each station customer service center can receive an APP to provide electronic invoices.

　　The relevant person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit said that at present, citizens will provide invoices when purchasing tickets in cash at the customer service centers of all stations across the line. For citizens who use one-way tickets, bus cards and Quancheng Pass cards, they can collect invoices from the station customer service center with valid tickets.

　　For citizens who use the QR code and face brushing functions in Jinan Metro APP, they can use the "Electronic Invoice" function in the "Personal Center" interface of Jinan Metro APP to receive electronic invoices according to the prompt process.

　　8. How can I get a refund? If the ticket is not in the station, the refund will be automatically returned.

　　For the users who did not take the physical ticket or did not scan the code to enter the station for various reasons after purchasing the ticket, the person in charge of Jinan Rail Transit said that such users can apply for a refund in Jinan Metro APP, and the ticket will be "received in seconds" and returned to the personal balance. "If I forget to return the ticket, the system will automatically refund the ticket at 24: 00 on the same day, and the ticket will be returned to the balance of my personal account."

　　For users who have swiped a one-way ticket into the station but temporarily left the station at the intermediate site, the refund service cannot be provided. "When you leave the station, the one-way ticket has been automatically recycled, so you can’t refund it."