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A new invention: thermal liquid sensor was tested and verified in Chentian laboratory.

　　During the awarding ceremony of the 2017 Qiu Chengtong Science Prize, I talked with Professor Yao Qizhi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, an academician of the American Academy of Sciences and a Turing Prize winner.

　　On the eve of the Spring Festival, Li Chentian, a 17-year-old high school student from Zhuhai, went to the United States at the invitation of Tsinghua University to participate in the "Global Innovation Experience Camp" jointly organized by Tsinghua and Washington University. He won the best project award in this innovation challenge by virtue of the "active high-voltage power line deicing monitoring system" invented on the spot. Later, he flew back to Beijing, as a participant in the last ISEF (International Science and Engineering Grand Prix), and introduced his experience to the young people who were participating in the 2018 ISEF project selection and international exchange winter camp.

　　He invented the fluorine-free electronic refrigerator at the age of 9, the solar intelligent outdoor manhole cover management system at the age of 12, and the programmable terminal and operating system at the age of 13. So far, he has nine national invention patents … What kind of "awesome person" is Li Chentian? Why have you achieved so much at such a young age? The all-media reporter of Guangzhou Daily takes you to know the young man who is praised by the outside world as "Edison" in China.

　　At the age of 5, I designed light-controlled lanterns for myself.

　　Last weekend, when the reporter saw Jerry Lee Tianshi, he wore an old school uniform and black-rimmed glasses, which was very low-key; He was a little shy when he didn’t talk, but when he started talking about his invention, Li Chentian hardly stopped for more than two hours, and he spoke as fast as a machine gun. When I met some professional terms, I was a little confused when I watched the reporter. He kept changing his body movements to explain it.

　　Li Chentian’s family said that his whimsy began in childhood. My father said that he showed a strong interest in electricity when he was learning English in the early morning. Every time he was carried out by his mother and saw the neon lights flashing on the street, he would dance. "How can anyone be on the TV?" "How can a toy car automatically turn?" ….. Since I was two years old, I have often asked my parents who are all from liberal arts to be speechless.

　　Because of her strong interest in electronic products, at the age of five, Chen Tian borrowed her cousin’s middle school physics textbook for self-study. On the Spring Festival that year, the family was going back to their hometown. Before leaving, they were worried that the red lanterns hanging on the balcony of Zhuhai’s home were left unattended in the morning. They had been on for more than ten days, which was both a waste of electricity and a fear of causing safety accidents. He sprouted the idea of designing a light-controlled switch. "It will automatically turn off the lights when there is sunshine during the day and turn on the lights at night when there is no sunshine." As a result, he removed a sensitive relay from a radio through two days of fiddling, and really made such a switch through transformation.

　　However, in the eyes of Chen Tian, the first real invention was the "fluorine-free electronic refrigerator" he built when he was 9 years old. Later, he was out of control. At the age of 12, he invented the "solar intelligent outdoor manhole cover management system", and at the age of 13, he developed the "programmable cloud-and-thing terminal and operating system" … At the age of 12, he won the first prize in the Guangdong Youth Science and Technology Innovation Competition for six consecutive years and won the national first prize three times. At the end of last year, Chentian won the Science Award and the Silver Award in Computer Science in the 2017 Qiu Chengtong Middle School Science Award Global Finals with his paper "Universal Power Adaptation Protocol (UPP) and Its Implementation". From provincial and municipal competitions to going abroad to represent China teenagers in ISEF, Li Chentian has won more than 30 scientific and technological innovation competitions, and has successfully applied for 9 national invention patents.

　　All whimsy comes from life.

　　"There is no epiphany in science. I just invested enough time in invention and creation. I just started the accumulation of’ 10,000 hours’ earlier." Li Chentian said modestly that to make inventions, we must first have a strong interest and then invest a lot of time.

　　Chen Tian said that you should be curious when making inventions and pay attention to everything that happens around you. All my whimsy comes from life. The idea of the project "Active High-voltage Power Line Deicing Monitoring System" when I participated in the Innovation Challenge in the United States originated from the ice disaster in 2008. He was deeply impressed by the embarrassing picture of manual mechanical deicing in the power sector on TV, so he always had an idea, "If the frozen wires can be deiced automatically, even the wires in the alpine zone can not be frozen!" Over the past few years, he has done a full technical demonstration for this project, and this global innovation experience camp just gave him such an opportunity. Chen Tian said, "Due to sufficient technology accumulation, the original prototype of this project took only two days, and finally won the highest award’ ‘Best Project Award’ in the participating projects."

　　The topic he is working on, "Variable Temperature and Pressure Pump", was inspired by his parents taking him skiing in Harbin during the winter vacation in 2016. At that time, he saw a small vendor barbecuing with liquefied gas on the street, and the fire went out. As a result, he saw the small vendor cover the gas bottle with a towel, pour some boiling water on the towel, and the fire "sprayed" again. He said that when he saw this phenomenon, he was very excited and thought that this phenomenon might solve the problem of transporting low-viscosity liquids such as refrigerants that he had always wanted to solve. If the pressure in the pump chamber is changed by changing the temperature instead of moving parts such as piston, wouldn’t it be possible to manufacture a pump without moving parts?

　　Parents support the "disruptive" behavior of disassembling and tampering with household appliances from an early age.

　　Chen Tian said, "If I make small achievements, I would like to thank my parents for their tolerance and support." Since childhood, his parents never forced him to attend interest classes, and he was not required to be a schoolmaster. He said that he has never attended any cram school since he went to school. During the holiday, he either stayed at home to make inventions or participated in scientific and technological competitions and exchanges in various places.

　　Parents also fully support the "disruptive" behavior of dismantling household appliances that they have shown since childhood. Just in the first grade of primary school, in order to study the temperature control switch, I dismantled a newly bought electric heating plate imported from Germany at home in the morning. At that time, the market price was more than 2,000 yuan. When he was 9 years old, he developed a fluorine-free electronic refrigerator. In order to buy a refrigerator, his parents took him to Beijing to find many shops, and finally spent three days scouring Zhongguancun for the desired products.

　　In order to support his son’s innovation and invention, his father set up a "morning lab" for him at home. In this laboratory, the reporter saw a laser positioning machine, a small supercomputer with 72 cores, a multifunctional calibration measuring instrument with data stability of 2ppm, a multifunctional vector network analyzer and a very advanced mixed-signal oscilloscope.

　　"Over the years, the equipment in this laboratory alone has invested more than one million yuan, not including thousands of old electronic products that he invents and buys every time and dismantles." Chen Tian’s father smiled and said, "If we only talk about the electronic laboratory, my laboratory may be the best in Zhuhai."

　　However, apart from scientific and technological inventions, Chen Tian has no other hobbies. As long as he doesn’t go out to participate in scientific and technological competitions and exchanges in his spare time, he basically stays in this laboratory.

　　Learning computer programming in the fifth grade of primary school is painful to cry.

　　Li Chentian does not agree with the reputation of the outside world as a "genius boy". His parents have repeatedly stressed that their children have only shown strong interest in electrical appliances and circuits since childhood, and they are ordinary teenagers. "He is only willing to spend time on electronics," my father said seriously. "Since I was a child, I love to disassemble things. Others sell old household appliances at home, and my family often buys them back from outside."

　　Chen Tian added that every design or invention is not always smooth sailing, and there are many failures. There are two or three thousand discarded circuit boards at home. And when learning theoretical knowledge, I once had the idea of giving up. With the deepening of scientific research, he had to learn computer programming for a project in the fifth grade of primary school. Most of the electronic components encountered before are concrete things, while computer assembly language is too abstract. For a child in the fifth grade of elementary school, it is like reading a gobbledygook at first. "If you don’t understand, you can’t learn!" Sometimes I read until late at night, and in the morning I said that I was so miserable that I cried and wanted to give up several times. Finally, with the encouragement of his father, he persisted, and it took him more than a month to write the first program-"digital clock". Looking at the success of the first string of code written by myself, Chentian jumped with excitement. "He was yelling, and then he ran downstairs from upstairs and kept shouting, Dad, I made it up." Dad recalled.

　　Text, map/wide newspaper all-media reporter Chen Zhijia

In 2020, under the strong leadership of the provincial party committee and the provincial government, the province’s education system adhered to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, fully implemented the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, thoroughly studied and implemented the important exposition of the Supreme Leader on education, the spirit of the national and provincial education conferences and the Party’s education policy, accelerated the modernization of education, built a strong education province, and ran a satisfactory education for the people, and made new progress in the development of various educational undertakings at all levels.

I. Synthesis

There are 15,330 schools of all levels and types in the province [1], an increase of 153 schools or 1.01% over the previous year; There were 8,319,173 students in schools and educational institutions at all levels, an increase of 283,345 students or 3.53% over the previous year; There were 525,911 full-time teachers, an increase of 14,562 or 2.85% over the previous year.

Second, preschool education

There are 8,204 kindergartens in the province, an increase of 156 or 1.94% over the previous year. Pre-school education in the park [2] 501,347 children; There are 1,413,426 children in the kindergarten [3], an increase of 23,894 or 1.72% over the previous year.

There are 178,817 kindergarten teachers and staff, an increase of 9,101 or 5.36% over the previous year; There were 98,276 full-time teachers, an increase of 3,228 or 3.40% over the previous year.

Third, compulsory education

There are 6,251 compulsory education schools in the province, with 913,913 students, 4,060,324 students and 278,194 full-time teachers.

1. Primary school

There are 4,610 primary schools in the province, a decrease of 30 or 0.65% over the previous year. 514,146 students were enrolled, an increase of 3,213 students or 0.63% over the previous year; There were 2,892,019 students in school, an increase of 116,145 or 4.18% over the previous year; There were 398,105 graduates, an increase of 7,914 or 2.03% over the previous year. The net enrollment rate of primary school-age children [4] is 99.97%.

There are 173,278 teaching and administrative staff in primary schools [5] (excluding nine-year compulsory schools and twelve-year compulsory schools), an increase of 6,206 over the previous year, with an increase of 3.71%; There were 177,084 full-time teachers, an increase of 6,375 or 3.73% over the previous year. The qualification rate of full-time teachers [6] is 100%, which is the same as last year. The ratio of students to teachers is 16.33:1.

The total number of primary schools was 74,111, an increase of 2,752 over the previous year. Among them, there were 1,612 large classes with 56-65 students, 2,658 fewer than the previous year, accounting for 2.18% of the total number of classes, down 3.81 percentage points from the previous year; There are 0 super classes with more than 66 people.

2. Junior high school

There are 1,641 junior middle schools in the province, an increase of 29 or 1.80% over the previous year. Enrolled 399,767 students, an increase of 7,448 students or 1.90% over the previous year; 1,168,305 students, an increase of 44,786 or 3.99% over the previous year; There were 353,880 graduates, an increase of 2,520 or 0.72% over the previous year. The gross enrollment rate in junior high school [7] is 107.29%.

There are 117,314 junior high school teachers and staff, an increase of 4,449 or 3.94% over the previous year; There are 101,110 full-time teachers, an increase of 1,187 or 1.19% over the previous year. The qualification rate of junior high school full-time teachers was 99.97%, which was the same as last year. The ratio of students to teachers is 11.55:1.

The total number of junior high school classes is 25,659, an increase of 1,086 over the previous year. Among them, there were 234 large classes with 56-65 students, a decrease of 660 over the previous year, accounting for 0.91% of the total number of classes, a decrease of 2.73 percentage points over the previous year; There are 0 super-large classes with more than 66 people.

3. Migrant children [8]

There are 406,378 children of migrant workers in the compulsory education stage. Among them, 311,424 students attended primary schools and 94,954 students attended junior high schools.

Fourth, special education

There are 70 special education schools in the province, an increase of 4 or 6.06% over the previous year. There are 1,614 full-time teachers in special education schools, an increase of 95 or 6.25% over the previous year.

Enrolled 3,185 special education students in various forms [9], a decrease of 13 students or 0.41% over the previous year; There were 19,361 students, an increase of 1,002 or 5.46% over the previous year; There were 3,156 graduates, an increase of 744 or 30.85% over the previous year.

Fifth, high school education

There are 694 schools in the province’s high school education [10], a decrease of 7 schools or 1.00% over the previous year; Enrolled 319,589 students, a decrease of 2,314 students or 0.72% over the previous year; There were 934,235 students in school, a decrease of 7,185 or 0.76% compared with the previous year.

1. Ordinary high schools

There are 464 ordinary high schools in the province, 7 fewer than the previous year, down by 1.49%; Enrolled 212,548 students, a decrease of 164 students or 0.08% over the previous year; There were 654,448 students, a decrease of 29,443 or 4.31% over the previous year; There were 241,318 graduates, a decrease of 10,917 or 4.33% over the previous year.

There are 86,958 teaching and administrative staff in ordinary senior high schools, a decrease of 915 or 1.04% over the previous year. There were 57,224 full-time teachers, a decrease of 249 or 0.43% over the previous year. The ratio of students to teachers is 11.44:1. The qualification rate of full-time teachers’ academic qualifications was 99.41%, an increase of 0.33 percentage points over the previous year.

2. Secondary vocational education

There are 230 secondary vocational education [11] schools in the province, which is the same as last year. Among them, there are 31 general secondary specialized schools, which is the same as last year; 196 vocational high schools, unchanged from the previous year; There are 3 adult secondary specialized schools, the same as last year.

Secondary vocational education enrolled 107,041 students, 2,150 fewer than the previous year, accounting for 33.49% of the total enrollment of senior high school education in the province. Among them, general secondary specialized schools enrolled 27,660 students, an increase of 1,629 students or 6.26% over the previous year; Vocational high schools enrolled 79,280 students, a decrease of 3,820 students or 4.60% over the previous year; Adult secondary specialized schools enrolled 101 students, an increase of 41 students or 68.33% over the previous year.

There are 279,787 students in secondary vocational education, an increase of 22,258 over the previous year, accounting for 29.95% of the total number of students in high school education in the province. Among them, there are 70,400 students in general secondary specialized schools, an increase of 8,441 or 13.62% over the previous year; There are 209,061 students in vocational high schools, an increase of 13,785 over the previous year, an increase of 7.06%; There are 326 students in adult secondary specialized schools, 32 more than the previous year, with an increase of 10.88%.

There were 73,941 secondary vocational education graduates, an increase of 923 or 1.26% over the previous year. Among them, there were 17,251 graduates from ordinary secondary specialized schools, an increase of 352 over the previous year; 56,588 vocational high school graduates, an increase of 663 over the previous year; There were 102 graduates from adult secondary specialized schools, 92 fewer than the previous year.

There are 19,741 teachers and staff in secondary vocational education schools, an increase of 841 over the previous year. Among them, there are 2,666 faculty members in ordinary secondary specialized schools, a decrease of 430 from the previous year; There are 16,896 teaching and administrative staff in vocational high schools, an increase of 1,276 over the previous year; There are 179 teaching and administrative staff in adult secondary specialized schools, 5 fewer than the previous year.

There are 15,190 full-time teachers in secondary vocational education schools, an increase of 843 over the previous year. Among them, there are 1,853 full-time teachers in ordinary secondary specialized schools, a decrease of 298 over the previous year; There are 13,216 full-time teachers in vocational high schools, an increase of 1,118 over the previous year; There are 121 full-time teachers in adult secondary specialized schools, an increase of 23 over the previous year. The ratio of students to teachers is 18.42:1.

VI. Higher education

There are 110 higher education schools in the province. Among them, there are 96 ordinary colleges and universities, an increase of 1 over the previous year, and 14 adult colleges and universities. There are 57 ordinary undergraduate colleges, the same as last year. There are 39 higher vocational colleges, an increase of one over the previous year. There are 50 graduate training institutions in the province, including 28 colleges and universities and 22 scientific research institutions. The total number of all kinds of higher education students in the province is [12]1,904,431, an increase of 105,293 over the previous year.

The whole province enrolled 59,041 graduate students [13], an increase of 10,846 over the previous year, with an increase of 22.50%. Among them, 5,681 doctoral students were enrolled, an increase of 541 over the previous year; 53,360 master students were enrolled, an increase of 10,305 over the previous year. There are 165,911 graduate students, an increase of 19,226 or 13.11% over the previous year. Among them, there are 24,886 doctoral students, an increase of 2,068 over the previous year; There are 141,025 master students studying, an increase of 17,158 over the previous year. There were 37,388 graduate students, an increase of 4,918 over the previous year. Among them, 2,942 graduated doctoral students and 34,446 graduated master students.

There were 387,950 students enrolled in general colleges, an increase of 16,058 students or 4.32% over the previous year. 1,210,048 students, an increase of 88,058 or 7.85% over the previous year; There were 291,648 graduates, a decrease of 1,848 or 0.63% over the previous year.

There were 101,297 students enrolled in adult colleges, an increase of 3,651 students or 3.74% over the previous year. There were 218,199 students, an increase of 23,845 or 12.27% over the previous year; There were 73,907 graduates, an increase of 11,552 or 18.53% over the previous year.

There are 110,130 faculty members in colleges and universities in the province, an increase of 2,213 or 2.05% over the previous year; There were 73,436 full-time teachers, an increase of 3,118 or 4.43% over the previous year. The ratio of students to teachers in ordinary colleges and universities is [14]19.00:1. There are 2,381 faculty members in adult colleges and universities, 84 fewer than the previous year; There are 1,306 full-time teachers, an increase of 22 over the previous year.

VII. Private education

There are 4,451 private schools (institutions) at all levels in the province, 340 fewer than the previous year, accounting for 29.03% of the total number of schools at all levels in the province. There are 1,579,305 students, a decrease of 68,109 over the previous year. Among them:

There were 3,913 private kindergartens, a decrease of 341 or 8.02% over the previous year. There are 700,831 children in the park, 127,287 fewer than the previous year, down by 15.37%.

There are 227 private ordinary primary schools, 2 fewer than the previous year, down by 0.87%. There were 258,623 students, an increase of 19,413 or 8.12% over the previous year.

There are 105 private junior high schools, an increase of 4 over the previous year, with an increase of 3.96%. There were 162,171 students, an increase of 10,553 or 6.96% over the previous year.

There are 87 private ordinary high schools, one less than the previous year, down by 1.14%. There were 71,547 students in school, a decrease of 439 students or 0.61% compared with the previous year.

There are 79 private secondary vocational schools, one less than the previous year, down by 1.25%. There were 71,926 students, an increase of 6,561 or 10.04% over the previous year.

There are 32 private colleges and universities (including 10 independent colleges), an increase of 1 over the previous year, with an increase of 3.23%. There were 309,399 students, an increase of 25,818 or 9.10% over the previous year.

Notes:

[1] Due to rounding, some data in the report may be different from the total of sub-items.

[2] Including independent kindergartens and children with kindergarten classes. In 2019, according to the development of education, the index of preschool children entering the park was revised. The number of children entering the park (class) refers to the number of children entering preschool education for the first time.

[3] Including independent kindergartens and children with kindergarten classes.

[4] The net enrollment rate of primary school-age children refers to the percentage of the school-age population in primary education in the total population of the age group stipulated by the state for primary education, which is calculated according to different school age and academic system.

[5] Because the number of teachers and staff in the nine-year compulsory school is included in the junior high school education, the number of teachers and staff in the complete middle school and the twelve-year compulsory school is included in the senior high school education, and the full-time teachers are classified according to the education level, so there are cases where the data of primary school teachers and staff are less than that of full-time teachers.

[6] The qualification rate of full-time teachers’ academic qualifications refers to the percentage of the number of full-time teachers with the minimum academic qualifications stipulated by the state in a certain level of education to the total number of full-time teachers in that level of education. The minimum education requirements for teachers at all levels refer to the relevant provisions in the Teachers Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC): to obtain the qualification of primary school teachers, one should have graduated from a secondary normal school or above; To obtain the qualifications of a junior middle school teacher, a primary vocational school culture teacher and a professional teacher, one should have graduated from a normal college or other college or above; To obtain the qualifications of teachers in senior middle schools and teachers in cultural courses and specialized courses in secondary specialized schools, technical schools and vocational high schools, one should have a bachelor’s degree or above in normal universities or other universities.

[7] Gross enrollment rate refers to the percentage of the total number of students regardless of age in a certain level of education in the population of the age group specified by the state at that level of education. The gross enrollment rate may exceed 100% due to the inclusion of students in the informal age group (younger or over-aged).

[8] The children of migrant workers refer to school-age children and adolescents whose household registration is registered in the rural areas of other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and counties (districts) outside the province, and who go to the urban areas and towns (live together) where their parents are imported and receive compulsory education.

[9] Including special education schools, special education classes, students who study in regular classes and send them to their homes.

[10] High school education includes ordinary high schools and secondary vocational schools.

[11] Secondary vocational education includes general secondary specialized schools, vocational high schools and adult secondary specialized schools, excluding technical schools.

[12] Including graduate students, ordinary undergraduate students, adult undergraduate students, online undergraduate students, higher education self-study exams and other forms of higher education students.

[13] According to the relevant requirements of the Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Education on Coordinating the Management of Full-time and Part-time Postgraduates (Teaching and Research Department [2016] No.2), the connotation of postgraduate enrollment and students in 2017 changed, and the data of part-time postgraduates increased.

[14] The ratio of students to teachers in ordinary colleges and universities, the total number of students is equivalent to the number of students.

　　On February 18th, the Meteorological Bureau of Quwo County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province organized a special class for agricultural meteorological service personnel Cheng Lichun to go to seven towns and villages in the county to carry out the investigation on the agricultural conditions of winter wheat in the green period.

　　The special class of spring management has investigated and sampled the seedling condition, soil moisture, tillering number, pests and diseases of winter wheat in different sections, and combined with the recent weather trend, made and published a special report on meteorological service of winter wheat in spring management, providing farmers with scientific suggestions on fertilization, irrigation, pest control and other agricultural issues. In view of the changeable climate in early spring, the special spring management class suggested that farmers should take measures such as scientific fertilization, disease prevention and insect control, chemical weeding, etc., and remind them to guard against the adverse effects of severe weather such as low temperature, frost and strong wind on winter wheat growth in spring.

　　At the same time, the Meteorological Bureau of Quwo County, in conjunction with the County Modern Agricultural Development Center, formulated and issued the Technical Opinions on Wheat Spring Pipe, which used intelligent grid forecasting to accurately assist the spring pipe operation.

　　(Author: Li Rongrong Ren Mei Editor: Su Jessie)

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Unfinished research (id: Weijin _ research), Author: unfinished research, title map from: vision china

First, Apple gave up electric cars, and then Tesla gave up Model 2. They have one thing in common, All in AI. Musk also announced a day that would make the China market feel special magic.On August 8th, we will officially release its Robotaxi.. Will this be the first time that a car without a steering wheel has appeared?

The market value of Tesla is equivalent to 1.5 Toyota or 6.5 BYD. It has always convinced the market that its high-end electric vehicles and brand premium, its innovative manufacturing technology can mass-produce family-oriented economical cars, and lead the electric vehicle industry to the end of Robotaxi. Musk has always believed that Tesla can lead in these three aspects and can lead at its own pace.

But,Its market value has dropped by one-third this year, which is the worst performance among the seven technology giants.It must be that some in the market no longer believe the story told by Musk.

From the time point of view, Apple gave up building a car, and Tesla decided to give up Model 2, both at the end of February. It was this month that BYD put forward the slogan of "electricity is lower than oil", and then launched a new model with a price below $10,000.

At the end of March, Tesla began to let its 1.7 million car owners in North America try FSD software for free for one month. This time, Musk said that FSD v12.3.3 is a driver supervision version.（Supervised）It is no longer a beta.（Beta）. Tesla upgraded the driving experience in the urban street environment through an end-to-end, fully visual model.

However, both technically and in terms of supervision,FSD is far from its literal meaning of "fully automatic driving", that is, driving at L4 and above.Although Tesla has more GPUs, Google’s Waymo and China’s competitors have ways to catch up with it.

Musk has a plan to mass-produce cheap models with an annual output of 20 million by 2030. He proposed to produce Model 2 in a super factory in Texas or Berlin, and even decided to build a bigger super factory in Mexico.

However, with the rapid growth of electric vehicles in China, Musk has gradually realized that,You can’t win by competing with your competitors in China on the price of cars.Tesla has been surpassed by BYD in terms of shipments and product diversity of new energy vehicles. By 2025, when it launches a $25,000 car, it will have no advantage in cost performance compared with the $10,000 car in China. American politicians also realize that 100% tariff may be needed to prevent China electric vehicles from entering the American market. That’s not enough. The White House and the Ministry of Commerce even began to look for reasons from the perspective of "security".

Tesla’s innovation in automobile manufacturing technology, such as Musk’s "non-traditional" production method, that is, using Lego bricks instead of assembling in an assembly line, can reduce the cost by 50%. But it can really be put into use, probably by the end of next year at the earliest. Some experts believe that the cost reduction may be only one third, andThere is great uncertainty about the actual production capacity of the new production line.

Tesla is adjusting its strategy. The destination of electric vehicles is intelligent driving. Since China has taken the lead in the field of electric vehicles, Tesla decided to change the car-Competing on the smart driving track.According to the biography of Musk, it will produce FSD cars on the same small car production platform and enter the Robotaxi mode.

Probably this is what Musk said about Reuters. "(again)The reason for lying. This media, which was cursed by Musk and was "dying", exclusively exposed the news that Tesla was giving up the production of Model2.

Does this mean that Musk gave up the goal of mass manufacturing cheap cars? This is its long-term vision since 2006: start with high-end cars, enter the field of mass production of cheap family cars, and then realize automatic driving.

Until January of this year, Musk told investors that he would produce cheap models in a factory in Texas in the second half of 2025. At present, Tesla’s cheapest model Model 3 costs $39,000, and the cheap Volkswagen is priced at $25,000, which is called Model 2. But China is introducing electric cars with a price of $10,000 or less. Obviously, even with a 100% tariff, it is difficult to stop the export of China cars to the United States.

Another reason is thatThe demand for electric vehicles in European and American markets is weakening.The growth in China is also slowing down. Since the beginning of 2022, Tesla’s capacity utilization rate has been in a downward trend, currently about 74%.

Trend of Tesla’s capacity utilization

Musk said that if Robotaxi cannot be realized, the value of Tesla will be zero. From 2024, this is not an exaggeration. If we only build electric cars, whether we use humanoid robots or non-traditional ways to build cars, these are not the threshold for China enterprises who are good at fast learning and rapid scale.

Musk must take three steps and two steps to launch an economical electric car.(Musk can still be called Model 2)Combined with FSD, it is possible to create truly different products.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Unfinished research (id: Weijin _ research), author: unfinished research

　　Source of data: National Information Center "Belt and Road" Big Data Center, Hanwen Information, and Ali Research Institute. Coordinator of this issue: Wu Yan Cartography: Zhang Fangman

　　The photo shows the COSCO Netherlands, a subsidiary of China Ocean Shipping Group, passing through the Suez Canal in Egypt. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhao Dingzhen photo

　　Core reading

　　Chairman of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "‘ Belt and Road ’ What we are pursuing is the great profits of a hundred flowers, not the small profits that stand out from the crowd. " Over the past three years, China and countries along the route have exchanged needed goods, complemented each other’s advantages, shared opportunities and met challenges together. The mutually beneficial cooperative ties have become tighter and tighter, and a win-win partnership network is being woven. Against the background of insufficient momentum of world economic growth, the progress of economic cooperation under the "Belt and Road Initiative" is undoubtedly a rare bright color.

　　Through the long yellow sand and the rolling blue waves, the blueprint nodes are turning into prosperous business centers, criss-crossing the ancient Eurasia. In the construction of the "Belt and Road", trade cooperation has achieved fruitful results. In 2016, the total trade volume between China and countries along the route was 953.6 billion US dollars, accounting for 25.7% of China’s trade volume with the world.

　　It is worth mentioning that the new format economy represented by Internet companies is also actively laying out and going to sea side by side. Cross-border e-commerce has ushered in explosive growth and has become a new kinetic energy that cannot be ignored in driving trade development.

　　coordinate

　　Moscow, Russia

　　90% of foreign postal parcels come from China.

　　Behind the "Communist Youth League Station" of Moscow subway and between the two major passenger stations, there is a conspicuous orange board house. This is the first physical exhibition hall of Alibaba AliExpress Russia.

　　Entering the exhibition hall, there are many products made in China, such as "free soldier" outdoor products and Xiaomi mobile phones, in the small space. Alena, a shop assistant, told the reporter that there are endless customers every day. After the manufacturer has reached an agreement with AliExpress, the products can be displayed here, and customers can log in to the online shop of AliExpress by scanning the QR code next to it. "The arrival time of the order has been controlled within 15 days. If it is from a local warehouse ‘ Mall ’ Delivery, then it takes up to 5 days. "

　　According to the survey report of Russian Electronic Commerce Association and Russian Post Office, in 2016, the sales of online stores in China accounted for 52% of the total cross-border online trade in Russia, and 90% of foreign postal parcels in Russia came from China. According to the data of Therns Market Research Company in January 2017, the AliExpress platform has 22.2 million users.

　　In addition to the increase in figures, AliExpress’s business has also undergone qualitative changes in two years. Today’s AliExpress website is exquisite and atmospheric, and the product name of the machine that makes consumers laugh and cry is no longer seen. It has become history to wait 60 days after placing an order to receive the goods. The "shopping mall" model with guaranteed quality, delivery speed and after-sales service has also become more and more perfect.

　　In the spring of 2015, when the reporter interviewed Mark Zavadski, the business development director of AliExpress Russia and CIS, he was still a "army of one". One person was responsible for conducting business in Russia, and other personnel responsible for maintaining AliExpress Russian website were all in Hangzhou. Two years later, AliExpress has a large-scale company and two physical exhibition halls in Moscow.

　　This spring, AliExpress is even more active in Russia. Alipay is about to land in China, appearing in duty-free shops and other places where tourists from are crowded. The goods of domestic sellers in 20 Russian big cities will soon be delivered the next day. There are also articles on the internet that teach people to use Taobao to rebate. Zavadski said: "E-commerce has the opportunity to replicate the glory of China in Russia, and may even achieve more achievements."

　　At Zavadski’s insistence, Russian local manufacturers and sellers have joined AliExpress. At present, the transaction volume of local merchants has accounted for 5%, and this year, they will jointly launch fans’ clothing with Spartak Football Club.

　　AliExpress has set up the "AliExpress Silk Road" group on VK, Russia’s largest social networking site, with the slogan "Bring the best goods like thousands of years ago". The rapid development of AliExpress has impacted and changed the local postal, financial and e-commerce systems.

　　According to statistics, in 2016, the scale of cross-border e-commerce transactions in China reached 6.3 trillion yuan. In addition to traditional hot countries, goods from countries along the "Belt and Road" are gradually becoming popular targets of Chinese consumers. Among the users of AliExpress, the proportion of users in countries along the "Belt and Road" exceeded 45%.

　　coordinate

　　Dubai, United Arab Emirates

　　Build a bridge for SMEs’ exports

　　In Dubai, the local office of Dalong. com is a bit crowded. More and more local retail store owners come to the door to buy Chinese-made mobile power supplies. "The shape is small and light, the capacitance is not small, and the price is not high. It is very good to sell." A local shopkeeper gave a favorable comment on these mobile power supplies.

　　"China’s mobile power supply is delivered directly to our store, eliminating the middleman and reducing the price. Moreover, we can get the goods directly, not look at the picture and place an order. " Another shopkeeper said that China products directly enter the store, which makes people feel "safe".

　　Small enterprises that make mobile power supplies can export and deliver them to your door. Why? To talk about this, we have to talk about Chongqing Dalong. com, which specializes in matchmaking for small and medium-sized enterprises and helps them go abroad. Now, many products of small and medium-sized enterprises have been exported to many countries, making local people fall in love with China goods.

　　"Let China make a step across the border. This is our goal." Zhu Fuxing, vice president of Dalong.com, said that Dalong.com integrates the global resources of the Belt and Road Initiative. First, Dalong. com integrates overseas retail space to provide domestic enterprises with overseas trial sales opportunities; On the other hand, Dalong. com integrates and organizes the supply of domestic small and medium-sized enterprises to build a bridge for their exports.

　　Because most small and medium-sized enterprises do not have the right to export, Dalong. com has built a "channel connection" to provide them with one-stop services such as payment recovery and export tax rebate. The financial person in charge of Dalong.com said: "Now the export orders of small and medium-sized enterprises have surged, and it is definitely impossible to use the traditional export tax rebate declaration method. Now we use the cross-border e-commerce online tax refund system of Chongqing State Taxation Bureau. We fill in the report online and automatically complete the comparison with the customs electronic port information. The whole process can be compressed to less than 7 days, and the cost is further reduced. "

　　"In this way, we have solved the obstacles such as high cross-border procurement costs and excessive capital consumption of four types of overseas small and medium-sized offline retailers, online Internet providers, small and medium-sized wholesalers and professional buyers, and can realize the effective docking of China’s high-quality production capacity and overseas demand." Zhu Fuxing said.

　　"Just give it a try for the first time, I didn’t expect the effect to be quite good. In the future, we will also serve the Dubai market in a targeted manner. " The relevant person in charge of Chongqing Yunzhong Technology Co., Ltd., which produces mobile power, introduced.

　　At present, more than 30,000 small and medium-sized enterprises have begun to "go global" like Yunzhong Technology, among which more than 5,000 enterprises’ products have entered overseas markets. The LED lamps of an enterprise in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province have been sold in batches in Vietnam and other countries, and the sales volume has been rising. Inflators, wire brushes and adjustable wrenches produced in Qingdao, Shandong Province are well received in the UAE. Wedding products from Suzhou, Jiangsu, such as wedding gloves, embroidered skirts and flower baskets, are very popular in Canada, and some categories are sold out … …

　　coordinate

　　sir robert giffen

　　The "New Silk Road" was connected by the "net"

　　Zhili Town, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, this "China International Children’s Wear Capital" has nearly 10,000 children’s wear enterprises, and children’s wear sales have accounted for nearly half of the country.

　　On the morning of May 8, when the reporter came to a children’s wear enterprise named Buyi Caoren in the town, I saw that the workers were rushing to produce a batch of new children’s wear, and the target customer was Italy thousands of miles away.

　　"Through cross-border electronic commerce, we put children’s clothes along ‘ Belt and Road ’ Sold to Europe and Southeast Asia. " Ma Weizhong, the person in charge of the company, told the reporter that the cross-border e-commerce sales of Buyi Caoren are currently 1,500 US dollars per day, and the products are exported to more than 10 countries and regions.

　　In 2015, Ma Weizhong began to think about how to open up international sales channels through the "cloud market" of e-commerce. However, he can speak less than 10 sentences of English, and he wants to understand that the international market is not only "speechless" but also "road-blind". "Later, I found that I don’t have to worry. The city has built a series of cross-border e-commerce service platforms, which provide a lot of valuable information and carry out relevant training according to the needs of enterprises." In October 2015, Buyi Caoren was launched on Amazon, and 200 sets of children’s clothes were exported in less than a week.

　　"I referred to the supply and demand information of major platforms and analyzed ‘ Belt and Road ’ Designing products based on market conditions in different countries has achieved good results. " Ma Weizhong told reporters that the government departments also helped to take the lead in coordinating and solving the problem of cross-border settlement of enterprises. "Originally, the handling fee was higher through third-party enterprises, but now the channels of professional financial institutions have been opened, and the single settlement only charges 40 dollars regardless of the amount."

　　In recent years, Wuxing District of Huzhou City has built the first county-level international e-commerce application platform in China — — Xing Wu international e-commerce application platform, and set up all the way import and export Co., Ltd., specializing in serving the export of small and medium-sized children’s wear enterprises. Jiao Chenkang, a staff member of the Wuxing District Bureau of Commerce, said that at present, there are more than 100 cross-border e-commerce enterprises cultivated through various platforms in the district, 80% of which are children’s wear enterprises, and the monthly export volume exceeds 10 million yuan.

　　“‘ Belt and Road ’ Construction has opened up new ideas for enterprises in our traditional industries. " Ma Weizhong said that he hoped that in the future, the service platform could build a large database of cross-border e-commerce and launch more accurate support policies based on data analysis.

Original greedy YOU Chengdu

To say that the recent hot bite is delicious, Gansu Mala Tang is one.

On social platforms, many people share their experiences of going to Gansu to eat mala Tang. There are also people who deliberately go to Gansu to study and make mala Tang and prepare to open a Mala Tang shop in Chengdu. Just a short sentence of "returning from school and preparing for the store" has gained a lot of attention and expectation.

After a dish is cooked, it is filled with chili pepper red oil. Special local pepper, like free. Gansu mala Tang, which is strange to say, makes people wonder for no reason: what is this smell?

No, Xiao Du turned into a taster and found a shop in Chengdu to have a taste first.

● ● ●

Zhaolinji Northwest Mala Tang is located in Jiaochangba Middle Street.

For the first time, in order to avoid the crowd, I deliberately arrived at 1 pm, but I still underestimated the heat.

The shop was full of people inside and outside, and the boss told him to wait for more than an hour, so he abandoned it and turned to eat a stir-fry across the street.

The next afternoon, I went again after an hour’s waiting, and I had to have a taste.

The door of the store is the vegetable picking area, and the innermost is the kitchen. Only four or five small tables are placed in the store, and four or five tables are temporarily placed outside. According to the boss, there are only two chefs in the shop, so they are really busy. They have to wait for about 40 minutes at almost any time, especially at lunch, and it starts an hour.

Eating here is like playing a game of breaking the barrier. In the crowded corridor of "make way, pass", it is difficult to get food, queue and so on, and this first level is considered to have passed.

After paying, getting the number plate, leaving the phone number, and roughly calculating the waiting time, the boss said to the waiting diners that "you can go around nearby first" has become a fixed process.

I interrupted and went to this mala Tang restaurant twice. Although the waiting time is really too long, I can feel the temperament of the small shop run by the northwest people is still different. The whole is a chaotic and orderly atmosphere. In the face of customers urging inquiries, or waiters busy making mistakes, the boss has no impatience for a moment, and his tone is gentle at any time, very atmospheric and easy to communicate. It is very harmonious for everyone to cooperate with the operation. It is very calm to solve the problem when a problem comes.

Customers who bring puppies to eat mala Tang.

Just look around. It’s not boring compared to a dam. This "street restaurant for workers on Hongxing Road" has many Sichuan restaurants, noodle restaurants and snacks along the street. If you don’t want to wait in line, you can choose many alternatives.

We, who are determined to eat mala Tang, choose to sit in a nearby coffee shop and take out the computer to write the above contents first.

● ● ●

We left at 1:23, and the boss called at 15:00. We walked from the coffee shop and waited for more than ten minutes. Mala Tang finally served.

Mala Tang can choose sweet spicy, medium spicy and spicy. Sweet and spicy were sold out at noon that day, so we chose medium spicy.

Cooked vegetables are covered with black and red peppers and need to be stirred by themselves. According to the boss, this is the Gangu pepper in Tianshui, Gansu, and this is the soul of Gansu Mala Tang.

Gangu County, Gansu Province, is known as the "hometown of peppers". Gangu pepper is a specialty here, and it is also a symbol product of chinese national geography.

The boss reminded me: "Be sure to mix well, and you can add more peppers at any time when there is not enough." Mix the "soul" fully, and this dish will be colored instantly, and the eyes will be greedy first.

When you take a bite, the aroma of chili pepper overflows in your mouth, and the medium spicy is not spicy, but pure. With a variety of vegetarian dishes, it is not greasy to eat. It’s as simple and refreshing as mixing a delicious dip when cooking with water.

However, this oily child will be a little bitter in the end. Therefore, personally, mala Tang can be eaten as a whole, but the expected value is not too great.

A friend who asked not to be named has been to Gansu to eat mala Tang, and said that by contrast, she still thinks Sichuan mala Tang is delicious. "Guess it may be because of geographical reasons. There are many frozen goods in local Mala Tang in Gansu, unlike our small county liver, beef, all kinds of delicious internal organs in Sichuan, and there are not many fresh vegetables. But the lasagna and potato chips are really delicious. "

As for why Gansu Mala Tang is so hot, my friend said, "It was a gust of wind that blew to Chengdu."

In the cupboard of this shop, there are still more vegetables but less meat. However, as my friend said, his dry-mixed juice and wide powder really attracted me the most. The wide flour made of potato flour tastes very soft and glutinous, which is very special.

Look carefully at the broken section, and there is still a little crystal sense. Very well received, which is what I want to eat in the street noodle restaurant.

At three or four o’clock, there were fewer guests in the store. At last, the boss can take a short rest and start to sit by and stir mala Tang for the guests, and he wants to eat it himself. The girl at the next table added two spoonfuls of chili pepper, and she liked the taste very much.

I saw some local people comment: "Although it can’t be completely restored, it still has that taste." I took time to chat with my boss. He said that they came from Zhang Ye and opened in Chengdu a few months before Gansu Mala Tang became popular on the Internet. He didn’t expect it to be so hot himself. The present shop is too small, and a new one may be opened recently. So, if you are greedy, please be prepared to wait, and remember not to rush to the meal. The price/performance ratio of the store is good, so you can try it and eat it fresh.

Editors and photographers can do it.

Original title: "Gansu Mala Tang, Initiating the Request for Wheat"

Read the original text

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow typhoon warning at 10: 00 on September 4.

　　The center of the 11th typhoon "HAIKUI" (a strong tropical storm) this year is located at 10 o’clock this morning (4th) in the southern coastal waters of Penghu County, Taiwan Province, which is 23.3 degrees north latitude and 119.5 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force near the center is 11 (30m/s), and the lowest pressure in the center is 980 hectopascals.

　　It is estimated that "Anemone" will move to the north-north direction at a speed of 10-15 kilometers per hour, and gradually approach the coastal area along the border between Fujian and Guangdong, and will land in the coastal area from Zhangpu, Fujian to Huilai, Guangdong in the early morning of the 5th (tropical storm level to strong tropical storm level, 23-28 m/s, 9-10), and then move to the west direction after landing, and its intensity will gradually weaken.

　　Gale forecast:From 14: 00 on September 4 to 14: 00 on September 5, there will be 6-8 winds and gusts of 9-10 in bashi channel, Taiwan Province Strait, the east of Taiwan Province, the southern part of the East China Sea and the waters near Diaoyu Island, the northeastern part of the South China Sea, the coastal areas of Fujian, the eastern coast of Guangdong, Taiwan Province Island and the coastal areas. The winds in some sea areas or areas are 9-10, and the gusts are 11-12.

　　Precipitation forecast:From 14: 00 on September 4 to 14: 00 on September 5, there were heavy rains in parts of eastern Fujian, eastern Guangdong, southern Zhejiang, southern and eastern Taiwan Province Island. Among them, there were heavy rains in parts of southeastern Fujian and southeastern Guangdong, and local heavy rains (250-300 mm); The maximum hourly rainfall in some of the above areas is 30-60 mm, and the local area can exceed 80 mm. There are strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue.

　　2. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision.

　　3. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude.

　　4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will. They should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, so as to ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow and you should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind.

　　5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

Manchester United suffered a bloody massacre at Crystal Palace, setting a new record of humiliation in team history, and the coach’s tactics caused public outrage.

In the 36th round of the Premier League that ended last night, Manchester United suffered a 4-0 humiliation at Crystal Palace. This fiasco not only made the Red Devils rank eighth in the Premier League this season, but also set a new record for the team’s 13 defeats in a single season. What is even more unacceptable to fans and the media is that this is the first time that Manchester United has been double-killed by Crystal Palace in the Premier League. This achievement is undoubtedly a great irony to Manchester United, a traditional Premier League giant.

During the game, Manchester United’s performance was a mess. In the first half, Manchester United’s defense was full of loopholes, allowing opponents to easily take a two-goal lead. In the second half, although casemiro scored a goal, it was ineffective because of offside, and Manchester United’s attack was even more disorganized. He was scored two more goals by Crystal Palace and finally lost 0-4.

The tactical arrangement and personnel arrangement of Manchester United coach in this game have been widely questioned. Before the game, some media and fans worried that Manchester United’s midfield pressure would lead to an empty defense. As a result, this concern was verified in the game. Although casemiro is active, but he has limited individual combat ability, he can’t effectively intercept the opponent’s attack after referring to the position of the lower back, which makes Manchester United’s defense even more stretched.

What is even more unacceptable is that Manchester United’s attack has no routine in the game. Garnacho, Anthony and Hoyle, the trio of strikers, lack tacit understanding, and fight for each other, which leads to the low attack efficiency of Manchester United. This kind of performance is undoubtedly a great doubt about the coach’s tactical arrangement ability.

Dong Fangzhuo, an old Manchester United player, also commented on the game after the game, bluntly criticizing the team’s performance and the coach’s tactical arrangement. He said that Manchester United’s current problem is not only injuries, but also the mismatch between the tactical system and the characteristics of players. He called on the team to re-examine their tactics and find the most suitable way to play.

This fiasco is undoubtedly a heavy blow to Manchester United. At the end of the upcoming season, Manchester United needs to adjust its state as soon as possible and find a solution to the problem. Otherwise, such a performance will not only disappoint the fans, but also put this traditional Premier League giant’s position in the league in jeopardy.

　　361 cylinders

　　How many ships are you divided into?

　　No more than one ship

　　There is no room for a ship without a cylinder.

　　Wine is the source of Li Bai’s poetic prosperity, and later generations used the mathematical poem "Li Bai Drunk" to describe Li Bai’s heroic spirit of drinking and writing poems. The full text of the poem is: Li Bai walks down the street, carries a pot to buy wine, doubles it when he meets a shop, drinks a bucket when he sees flowers, meets shops and flowers three times, and drinks all the wine in the pot. How many buckets is there in the pot? Can you work out this problem? Teng Yaoyun, a 92-year-old math teacher, used backward calculation, and the answer was 7/8 (7/8).

　　Is math really boring? In order to refute this idea, Teng Yaoyun began to write a book when he was in his 80s. It took more than five years, and more than 400,000 words of "Mathematical Beauty and Mathematical Thinking Method" was finally published before the Teachers’ Day this year.

　　In order to make more people love mathematics, she wrote books in her 80 s.

　　Teng Yaoyun, who graduated from the Mathematics Department of National Women’s Teachers College in 1949, has been teaching mathematics for 36 years, but found that many people are afraid of difficulties in mathematics. Teng Yaoyun’s son, Zhao Yousheng, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Chongqing University, told the chongqing morning post reporter: "My mother told us that many people find mathematics difficult, but it is actually beautiful. The reason why my mother wrote this book is mainly to make the study and teaching of mathematics no longer boring, to help students find beauty in mathematics, to cultivate their interest in learning in the feeling of beauty, to master the thinking method of learning mathematics in interest, and to turn the headache mathematics into a favorite mathematics. "

　　Teng Yaoyun’s "Mathematical Beauty and Mathematical Thinking Method" is just such a book that people no longer feel "horrible" about mathematics. In order to make mathematics more attractive, Teng Yaoyun also asked his wife to join in. Zhao Yousheng said: "My father Zhao Jiayi is an old teacher of Southwest University, and in the book ‘ Mathematics and Poetry ’ In part, there is a palindrome poem by my father, "I have a scene."

　　The golden section can be so interesting.

　　In Teng Yaoyun’s view, mathematics can explain many problems in the real world. For example, the golden section (0.618) is closely related to the magnetic field, human body structure, architectural monuments and even military affairs on the stage. In "Mathematical Beauty and Mathematical Thinking Method", the old man Teng Yaoyun wrote: During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, some theatrical troupes were stationed in Jiangjin, and there would be some lectures. I was most interested in the magnetic field on the stage. The announcer had to announce the curtain in the magnetic field, and the wonderful performances had to be performed in the magnetic field to attract the audience to the maximum extent. In the teacher’s explanation, this magnetic field was the golden section of mathematics of 0.618. "

　　For example, in the military, the value of 0.618 is also very useful. "When the rifle was first manufactured, the ratio of the length of the gun body to the handle was very unreasonable, so it was not convenient to aim. In 1918, Alvin, a corporal of the American Expeditionary Force, reformed this rifle, and the ratio of the reformed rifle type to the gun body was just 0.618."

　　The mystery in traditional poetry is originally a mathematical answer.

　　Professor Zhao Yousheng said that a poem circulated among the people can actually be analyzed by mathematics. This poem is: 361 tanks, which can be divided into several ships at your disposal. No more than one ship is allowed, and no one tank is allowed to be missing. After mathematical analysis, the answer to this poem is 19 ships, each with 19 cylinders. "My mother explained it with the square root of." Zhao Yousheng said. Our reporter Luo Xuemei

Original Dining Book Editorial Department Dining Book is included in the topic # Zunbao Pizza 1# Joining Evaluation 12# Catering Entrepreneurship 11

one

Industry introduction

Pizza (also translated as "pizza") originated in Italy and is very popular all over the world. The usual practice of pizza is to cover various ingredients on fermented round cakes and bake them.

Origin of pizza: There are generally two opinions about the origin of pizza. The first one is that as early as 997 AD, a queen of the ancient Roman Empire came to Napoli. In order to welcome her arrival, the locals put some tomato sauce and spinach on the flour dough and baked it on the fire until it was golden and delicious, so there was pizza.

△ Figure Self-catering Collection

Another theory is that pizza originated in China: Italian traveler Kyle Polo fell in love with scallion pie while traveling in China, and he always wanted to taste it again after returning to Italy. One day, when he was at a party, he described China’s scallion pie to a chef. The chef started to make it, but after a long time, he just couldn’t put the stuffing into the dough, so Kyle Poirot suggested putting the stuffing on the bread to eat. After returning home, the chef cooked it several times, and served it with cheese and seasoning, which was very popular with diners. Since then, "pizza" has spread to this day.

The data shows that in 2019, the sales of pizza shops in the United States were 46.34 million US dollars, reaching a record high since 2012, while in 2012 this figure was 36.79 million US dollars. With the promotion of major brands, China consumers’ acceptance of pizza is increasing year by year. NCBD predicts that the pizza market in China will reach 22 billion yuan by 2020.

According to the search index, pizza has been increasing year by year since 2011, reaching its peak in 2016, and then declining slightly. During the epidemic in 2020, the pizza search index showed a small peak. According to the analysis of the Dining Book, this is because many families began to want to try homemade pizza because of the epidemic and the isolation of the whole people, so their attention to pizza increased.

2

Company and product introduction

Company Profile: In 1998, Dumbo Pizza, the prototype of Zunbao Pizza, opened in Shenzhen. In 2001, in order to adapt to the development of the market, "Dumbo Elephant" was officially renamed as "Zunbao Pizza" and began to transform into a big store. In 2009, Zunbao Pizza underwent a relatively large iterative upgrade, transforming from a big store to a community store with a lighter model by compressing the store area and product line. After this transformation and upgrading, the effect is obvious and the expansion speed is obviously accelerated.

Zunbao pizza is particular about ingredients and production technology, and insists on making dough at the store every day. In addition, Zunbao Pizza has two factory-style central kitchens in Hangzhou and Shenzhen, which are exclusively used by stores.

△ Figure Self-catering Collection

In 2018, Zunbao Pizza announced the opening of franchise, and then developed more than 300 franchise stores. Up to now, Zunbao Pizza has opened more than 1,100 direct stores and more than 600 franchise stores. Regarding the timing of opening up, founder Luo Gaoxia said that on the one hand, the market in the third, fourth and fifth tier cities has gradually matured, which has given birth to great market demand; On the other hand, it is considered that the development speed of full direct marketing is still too slow to meet the needs of further development of the brand. According to the plan of Luogaoxia, Zunbao Pizza will be listed in five years.

Zunbao Pizza ranked second in NCBD (Dining Classic) with a welcome index of 83.93.

three

Field evaluation

In order to further understand Zunbao Pizza’s products, services and actual profitability, Dinbao Diandian team conducted field visits to three stores in different regions of Guangzhou, namely, Yile Road Store, Times Square Store and Six Elements Store (new store). Take Zunbao Pizza Yile Road Store as an example to introduce it in detail:

1, shop evaluation

A: Zunbao Pizza (Yile Road Branch)

△ Figure from the public comment

Evaluation time: It starts at 11:27 on October 8th (Thursday) and lasts for one hour.

Shop address: Shop 3, No.43 Yile Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou

Location features: This store is a typical community store, and there are several large communities nearby, and the consumer groups are mainly the surrounding residents.

Number of employees in the store: 4

Store area: about 80m2.

Takeaway situation: the monthly sales volume of Meituan Takeaway is 2342, and the monthly sales volume is 1023 if you are hungry.

On-site billing: 17 copies were sold during the evaluation period.

Remarks: Pizza delivery includes self-delivery by employees in the store+delivery by other platforms such as Shunfeng City, but does not include delivery platforms such as Meituan and Hungry.

All evaluation store information is as follows:

The evaluation forms and analysis for the above three stores are as follows (gross profit margin: 60%):

Special instructions:

1. The above data are the actual evaluation data of Dining Collection, which may be different from the actual operation data. The rental data may be different according to the online public data estimation and the inquiry of the shopping mall management office.

2. The calculation of profit does not include the initial fee, various discounts and amortization, loss, etc.

3. The appraised city in this report is Guangzhou, which is a first-tier city, and the profitability of other cities will be different;

4. Six Elements Store is located in the shopping mall. It is a new store that has just opened. At present, it is in the trial operation stage, and the take-away platform has no sales for the time being (it is expected that the profit and loss situation will improve after this part is sold).

2. Evaluation conclusion

(1) At present, Zunbao Pizza has some restrictions on joining areas, and it is not open to join in key deep-ploughed areas such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Zhongshan and Dongguan, and all of them are directly operated;

(2) Several stores in this evaluation belong to direct stores, and the actual business situation of franchise stores may be different from that of direct stores. The data and related conclusions of this evaluation are for reference only;

(3) From the actual evaluation results of the stores, the two old stores (mainly community stores) are in a profitable state, and the profitability is good;

(4) According to the official data provided by the company, the daily turnover of a single store is about 7,000 yuan, and according to the actual evaluation and comprehensive analysis of Dining Collection, profitable stores can basically reach this level;

(5) In terms of products, in order to meet the needs of more consumers, Zunbao Pizza also provides snacks, pasta and drinks as a match;

(6) According to the official data, Zunbao Pizza has more than 1,700 stores at present, which is second only to Pizza Hut in quantity and has certain advantages in scale. Compared with other pizza brands, Zunbao Pizza’s biggest advantage is the number of its direct stores-more than 1,000; This is the embodiment of its strength, and it is also the basis for it to shout out "listing in five years";

(7) In order to fully understand the performance of Zunbao Pizza in the whole pizza field, Dinebook has made a comprehensive big data mining analysis for major pizza brands, and the results are as follows:

Judging from the unit price of customers, the unit price of Zunbao Pizza is lower, only 35.2 yuan, which is more cost-effective;

In terms of satisfaction, Zunbao Pizza’s satisfaction is 8.55, which is lower than Domino’s and other brands, but better than Supreme Pizza.

Judging from the bad review rate, the average bad review rate of Zunbao pizza is 2.97%, which is the lowest among all pizza brands evaluated, and its performance is more eye-catching;

From the comprehensive comparison (product, service and environment), Zunbao pizza is slightly inferior to Domino’s in taste, environment and service compared with Domino’s, which also focuses on delivery.

(8) The category of pizza is naturally suitable for delivery, and the proportion of delivery in Zunbao Pizza Store is also higher than that in the dining room;

(9) According to the big data mining and analysis of Zunbao pizza’s bad reviews, it is found that there are many bad reviews in terms of meal speed and store environment, which has a certain relationship with its store positioning. The strategy of "giving priority to delivery" may lead some stores to ignore the service of dining room, and there will be some complaints about the customer service, environment and the speed of eating.

(10) In the evaluation, it is found that the dining speed of Zunbao pizza is basically about 20 minutes, which is slower than other fast food categories;

(11) It is understood that Zunbao Pizza currently has two central factories in Shenzhen and Hangzhou. With the opening of Zunbao Pizza, the expansion speed of its stores will be greatly accelerated and the scope of its layout will be wider. At present, the coverage and production capacity of these two central factories are limited, which need to be further improved to meet the needs of the company’s national expansion;

(12) According to the survey of consumers in Dining Bibliography, many consumers have a vague understanding of brands such as "Zunbao Pizza" and "Zun Pizza" and "Zun Pizza", indicating that they are "confused" with these brands;

(13) According to the official announcement, in view of the fact that there are some brands that touch porcelain Zunbao Pizza in the market, Zunbao Pizza will "encircle" all kinds of counterfeit pizza shops in cities such as Guangzhou, Foshan, Shenzhen and Xiamen;

(14) With the increase of the number of franchisees, the management of franchisees will become a big challenge for the company. How to provide targeted support and guidance for different regions and franchisees may be a problem for Zunbao;

(15) It should be emphasized that although more than 1,000 direct stores are the biggest advantage of Zunbao Pizza, we should also pay attention to the balance in the development of direct stores and franchisees. Once there is a conflict of interests between direct stores and franchisees in some areas, the interests of franchisees may be damaged. Entrepreneurs need to pay special attention when choosing to join in order to avoid losses.

four

Joining policy

At present, Zunbao Pizza mainly promotes the partner model. It is understood that the existing policy for partners is not to charge franchise fees. Other expenses are summarized as follows:

Equipment cost: 50,000 ~ 80,000 yuan;

Security deposit: 60,000 yuan;

Material cost in the first month: 30,000 ~ 50,000 yuan;

Decoration fee: 30,000 ~ 40,000 yuan;

Fee for small articles and materials in the early stage of opening: 16,000 yuan;

Training fee: 6,000 yuan for 2 people (15 days), and about 3,500 yuan for counseling;

Decoration, rent, labor, etc. are calculated separately.

For the stores under the partner mode, the fees that the company will directly collect from the turnover include:

Management fee: 2% of turnover;

Partnership fund: it shall be drawn in steps, and it shall not be drawn below 40,000 yuan; 2% from 40,000 to 80,000; 3% from 80,000 to 120,000; 4% for more than 120 thousand.

(The above data are provided by the enterprise, which is subject to the announcement of the enterprise. )

five

NCBD index of Zunbao Pizza: 80.22, rating: A.

This rating is based on NCBD (Dining Collection) rating standard for catering enterprises. The rating logic of this method is developed according to the rating target, and the market environment, product and service competitiveness, profitability and support ability are analyzed in turn to get the preliminary evaluation score, and then the final level of the subject to be evaluated is obtained through adjustment of adjustment items.

Market environment: the market environment is divided into macro environment and industry environment, and the macro environment is divided into political environment and economic environment.

Product and service competitiveness: including product capability (product quality, product structure, SKU, etc.), service capability, brand strength and comprehensive strength, etc. Brand strength includes brand exposure, consumer evaluation, online word-of-mouth and other communication situations to monitor and finally give a score.

Profitability: Profitability is comprehensively scored based on offline field evaluation data combined with online data.

Support ability: inspect the brand’s support for franchisees from training, supervision, inspection, marketing and other aspects, and verify the key elements such as trademarks at the same time, and finally score.

According to the NCBD rating model, according to the final evaluation of Zunbao Pizza, its NCBD index is: 80.22, with a grade.

NCBD Index Description: NCBD Index is the score obtained by Dining Book according to the comprehensive evaluation of franchise brands, which provides auxiliary decision-making reference for franchisees. The full score of NCBD index is 100, of which:

Grade A: 80-100 points, the evaluation result is excellent, with less risk, and you can join.

Grade B: 60-80, the evaluation result is good, you can join, and you need to make a good evaluation.

Grade C: 40-60, and the evaluation result is average, which requires caution.

Grade D: below 40 points, the evaluation result is poor and risky, so it is not recommended to join.

Note: Entrepreneurship is risky, so investment should be cautious. The above evaluation results are only for the reference of catering entrepreneurs’ decision-making, and Dining Book is not responsible for all the consequences arising therefrom.

six

Comprehensive review

Nowadays, the pizza market in China is changing. Le Caesar announced a long-term price reduction, Domino’s vigorously developed the China market, and some pizza brands with lower customer prices such as Supreme Pizza are accumulating strength. In this situation, there is no doubt that Zunbao Pizza will face greater challenges.

For Zunbao Pizza, its biggest advantages are the number of direct stores, brand influence and very mature operating experience, which are unmatched by other brands in the short term. After the formal opening of the franchise, the scale of Zunbao pizza franchise stores will be greatly improved. According to the company’s plan, the number of stores will reach 5,000 in the next few years, among which franchise stores will occupy a large proportion.

In other words, the number of franchise stores of Zunbao Pizza will definitely exceed that of direct stores. Then, in some specific areas, there will inevitably be conflicts between direct stores and franchisees, and the company needs to make a good balance to avoid hurting franchisees. When entrepreneurs choose to join Zunbao Pizza, they should also consider this situation comprehensively and make relevant agreements with the headquarters. In addition, the rapid expansion of Zunbao Pizza also puts forward higher requirements for its ability to manage franchisees, which is the focus that the company needs to pay attention to at present.

Original title: "Joining evaluation | 1100 Zunbao pizzas in direct stores, how much money does the franchise store make? 》

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